Psychology final

Question 1

G. Stanley Hall’s View on Adolescence

Answer 1

He defined this period to begin at puberty at about 12 or 13 years, and end late, between 22 years to 25 years of age.

Question 2

The Amygdala

Answer 2

the seat of emotions such as anger; this area develops quickly before other regions that help to control it.

Question 3

The Prefrontal Cortex

Answer 3

the judgement region reins in intense emotions but doesn’t finish developing until at least emerging adulthood.

Question 4

Bulimia nervosa

Answer 4

Bulimia is an illness in which a person binges on food or has regular episodes of overeating and feels a loss of control. The person then uses different methods – such as vomiting or abusing laxatives – to prevent weight gain.

Question 5

Corpus callosum

Answer 5

the location where fibers connect the brains left and right hemispheres.

Question 6

Compare & Contrast: late & early maturing boys & early & late maturing girls.

Answer 6

girls mature earlier and end at middle adolescence. boys mature later and grow taller than girls towards adulthood.

Question 7

Compare & Contrast: Child & Adolescent Problem Solving

Answer 7

adolescents become more problem solvers than children.

Question 8

Adolescent Egocentrism

Answer 8

the heightened self-consciousness of adolescents that is reflected in their belief that others are as interested in them as they are in themselves, and in their sense of personal uniqueness and invincibility.

Question 9

Imaginary Audience Phenomenon

Answer 9

refers to adolescents belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are, as well as their attention-getting behavior motivated by a desire to be noticed, visible, and “on stage”.

Question 10

Personal Fable

Answer 10

The part of adolescent egocentrism that involves an adolescent’s sense of uniqueness and invincibility.

Question 11

Executive Functioning

Answer 11

an umbrella-like concept that compromises a number of higher-level cognitive processes.

Question 12

Ethnic Identity

Answer 12

An enduring, basic aspect of the self that includes a sense of membership in an ethnic group and the attitudes and feelings related to that membership.

Question 13

Erik Erikson’s Adolescent Stage

Answer 13

identity vs. identity.

Question 14

James Marcia’s period of identity development

Answer 14

crisis, Marcia’s term for a period of identity development

Question 15

Identity foreclosure

Answer 15

Marcia’s term for the status of individuals who have not yet experienced a crisis or made any commitments.

Question 16

Hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Answer 16

Piaget’s formal operational concept that adolescents have the cognitive ability to develop hypotheses, or best guesses, about ways to solve problems.

Question 17

The new model of parent-adolescent relationship

Answer 17

attachment and autonomy, moderate parent-adolescent conflict is common.

Question 18

A Clique

Answer 18

A small group that ranges from 2 to about 12 individuals, averaging about 5 to 6 individuals, and one that can form because adolescents engage in similar activities.

Question 19

Juvenile delinquent

Answer 19

An adolescent who breaks the law or engages in behavior that is considered illegal.

Question 20

Crowd

Answer 20

A larger group than a clique, one that is usually formed based on reputation; members may or may not spend much time together.

Question 21

Arnett believed what characterizes individuals who are in the phase of emerging adulthood

Answer 21

occurring from approximately 18 to 25 years of age, this transitional period between adolescence and adulthood is characterized by experimentation and exploration.

Question 22

What is the best plan to reduce the rising levels of teen pregnancy?

Answer 22

contraceptive use

Question 23

What cognitive changes are associated with adolescence?

Answer 23

piaget’s theory, adolescent egocentrism, information processing. Abstract, idealistic, logically.

Question 24

Adolescents are in which Jean Piaget stage?

Answer 24

formal operational

Question 25

What are the facts regarding sexually transmitted infections STI’s?

Answer 25

diseases that are contracted primarily through sexual contact. this contact is not limited to vaginal intercourse but includes oral-genital contact and anal-genital contact as well.

Question 26

What are the three major causes of death among American adolescents?

Answer 26

accidents, homicide, and suicide

Question 27

In the United States, the average age of menarche?

Answer 27

12-13

Question 28

Researchers use the term exploration in place of what?

Answer 28

is the act of searching for the purpose of discovery of information or resources.

Question 29

Where do the fibers connect the brain’s left and right hemisphere?

Answer 29

Corpus Callosum

Question 30

In the past three decades, traditional-aged college students have made what changes?

Answer 30

changing of values. personal well-being, decresed well-being of others.

Question 31

What are the benefits and goals of service learning?

Answer 31

promotes social responsibility and service to the community.

Question 32

What type of family atmosphere is important in an adolescent’s identity development?

Answer 32

close atmosphere.

Question 33

What is Harry Stack Sullivan belief regarding one’s need for intimacy with peers?

Answer 33

He believes intimacy with friends is needed to be accpeted in society.

Question 34

In the study conducted by Brown & Lohr, which group is most likely to have the highest self-esteem?

Answer 34

the jocks, athletically oriented and populars.

Question 35

What is the first stage and characteristics of a developing romantic relationship in adolescence that takes place at the age of 11 to 13 years of age?

Answer 35

entering into romantic attractions and affiliations at about 11 to 13 years.

Question 36

Dating and romantic relationships at an unusually early age are most likely to be linked with what?

Answer 36

early maturing.

Question 37

What is the closest thing to a universal rite of passage in the United States?

Answer 37

school graduation ceremonies

Question 38

What factor did researchers overlook in giving ethnic explanations for aspects of adolescent development?

Answer 38

many come from low income families and drop out to support their families.

Question 39

Why are adolescent females depressed more often than adolescent males?

Answer 39

girls face more discrimination with self-images especially their bodies.

Question 40

Which groups of adolescents is least likely to report that they have attempted suicide?

Answer 40

white and african american males.