Psychology For Allied Health Flashcards
(26 cards)
Classical Conditioning
Bed Wetting
Bed Wetting
pairing unconditional stimulus with a previously neutral conditioned stimulus with previously neutral conditioned stimulus. The Result is a conditioned response or learned reflex. Can be used to change behaviour.
Behaviour
Operant conditioning conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Antecedents
Behaviour
Consequences
Antecedent
Triggers for behaviours
Behaviours
a behavior that we want to reduce in intensity or frequency
Consequences
What happens after the behaviour has occurred
Reinforcement
any event (or consequence) which strengthens or maintains behaviour that it consistently follows
3 types of reinforcement
- Intrinsic verus Extrinsic
- Primary Vs Secondary
- Artificial/ contrived vs natural/ logical
Intrinsic
derives from the activity itself, rather than any consequences that might occur.
Extrinsic
derives from the external consequences of preforming the behaviour
Primary
unconditioned reinforce. stimulus that does not require pairing to function as a reinforcer.
Secondary
conditioned reinforcer is a stimulus or situation that has acquired its function as a reinforcer after pairing with a stimulus that functions as a reinforcer
Artificial
something that is added on to build or develop skills or generalise beheavior
Naturally occurring
used to maintain and increase skills
Categories of Potential reinforces
- Tangible
- Consumable
- social
- activity
- token
- intrinsic
Factors influencing Reinforcers
- Deprivation
- Satiation
- Immediacy
- Amount
- Schedule
- Concurrent schedules
Ratio Schedules
- fixed ratio
- variable ratio
- fixed interval
- variable interval
Fixed ratio
reinforcement is contingent on the performance of fixed number of correct response.
Variable ratio
Reinforcement is contingent on the performance of a variable number of correct responses
Fixed interval
reinforcement is contingent on the performance of the first response after a fixed period of time has elapsed since the last reinforced response
Variable interval
reinforcement is contingent on the first performance after a variable period of time has elapsed since the last reinforced response.
prompting
means inducing the person to perform a desired behaviour by presenting a prompt
Fading
wean an individual off prompts by fading which is simply gradually reducing the strength of the prompt
