Psychology of Athletic prep

Question 1

Ideal performance state

Answer 1

ultimate goal of every athlete

Question 2

Psychological efficiency

Answer 2

Motivation, attention and arousal

Question 3

The essence of athletic competition

Answer 3

Comparing themselves to other and putting ego and self esteem on the line in a setting that is bound by rules and regulation

Question 4

Sport psychology main goals

Answer 4

-Measuring psychological phenomena
-Investigating the relationship between psyco variables and performance on track
-apply theoretical knowledge to improve the athletic performance
- let the athlete manage better his physical resources

Question 5

Ideal performance state - Let it happen without negative interferences

Answer 5

• Absence of fear, no fear of failure
• No analyze the performance
• A narrow focus on the activity itself
• A sense of effortlessness
• A sense of personal control
• A distortion of time and space

Question 6

Emotions

Answer 6

temporary feelings states that occur in response to an event. interpretation could be beneficial of detrimental

Question 7

Arousal

Answer 7

A blend of physiological and psychological activation refer to the intensity of motivation in any given moment.
Pure activation measurable in HR, blood pressure, EMG and catecholamine levels.

Question 8

Anxiety

Answer 8

subcategory of arousal in a negative perception. Worry, fear. could be cognitive or somatic. Uncontrolled arousal

Question 9

State anxiety

Answer 9

neural outflow and increased endocrine activity. Lack of psychological efficiency.
High degree in ego
perceived discrepancy
A fear of consequences of failure

Question 10

Stress

Answer 10

Imbalance between demand and response capability. Could be physical, psyco of both.
Could be positive eustress, negative distress.

Question 11

Trait anxiety

Answer 11

perceive an environment as threatening and response with a state of anxiety

Question 12

Hull’s drive theory

Answer 12

Increase arousal or state of anxiety, so too does performance. Pro player could manage a high level of arousal. If the task is complex and the athlete not experienced, high arousal is bad

Question 13

Does skill with high conscious decision effort, having high arousal ?

Answer 13

No, it should be maintained low

Question 14

Inverted U theory

Answer 14

individual zones of optimal functioning.
Performance not always occur in the middle of the U. Positive and negative emotion could enhance or reduce the performance

Question 15

Catastrophe theory

Answer 15

Physiological response occur in situation of high arousal and anxiety, that cause a drop in performance

Question 16

Reversal theory

Answer 16

arousal and anxiety affect performance depends on the individual’s interpretation of arousal

Question 17

Motivation

Answer 17

intensity and direction of effort.
Intrinsic, reward feel from competition, fun and enjoyment. competence and self determination.
Extrinsic is regarding the external reward

Question 18

Achievement motivation. MAS and MAF

Answer 18

mastering a task and overcome obstacles.
MAS achieve, desire and focus on the success and winning.
MAF they avoid the failure for protect the ego and perception of shame

Question 19

self controlled practice

Answer 19

the athlete involved in the decisions related to the practice structure. feeling more competence and autonomy

Question 20

Positive and negative reinforcement

Answer 20

increasing of a given behavior adding (p) or removing (n) an act, object or event

Question 21

Positive and negative punishment

Answer 21

Decreasing a given behavior or habits with adding (p) or removing (n) an act, object or event

Question 22

Long term memories of success

Answer 22

Made by task relevant focus with reinforcement

Question 23

Attention

Answer 23

environmental and internal cues that come to awareness

Question 24

Selective attention

Answer 24

suppression of task irrelevant stimuli and thoughts

Question 25

Cognitive and automatic stage of a movement

Answer 25

Effortful to think about details of the task, automatic is when the mind is relaxed and executed in automaticity

Question 26

Nideffer quadrant of focus

Answer 26

External internal perspective Narrow Broad orientation of focus Asses: external - broad Analyze: internal - broad Act: internal - narrow Prepare: external - narrow

Question 27

Diaphragmatic breathing

Answer 27

clear mind and increase concentration. Deep and rhythmic breath, increase vagal tone and parasympathetic activity

Question 28

Progressive muscular relaxation PMR

Answer 28

Cycle that involve 10-15 sec of maximal tensing of each muscle and then a completely relax. Good in combination with breathing.

Question 29

Autogenic training

Answer 29

series of exercises that produce physical sensation of warmth and heaviness

Question 30

Systematic desensitization SD

Answer 30

mental and physical technique to control cognitive arousal, with counter conditioning. Stress management training SMT Stress inoculation training SIT i.e. visualized technique of a match and relaxation breathe

Question 31

Imagery

Answer 31

cognitive skill to create experience in mind, recordings the performance in the mind

Question 32

Self confidence Self efficacy

Answer 32

successfully perform a desired behavior perception of one's ability to perform a given task in a specific situation

Question 33

Bandura's self efficancy

Answer 33

-performance accomplishments -modeling watching other -verbal persuasion -imaginal experience -perception of arousal physically -emotional state

Question 34

Self talk

Answer 34

inner dialogue with our self. sound track of our behaviors

Question 35

Goal settings

Answer 35

Attention by prioritizing efforts increase effort for the contingency to the goal Positive reinforcement with feedback give to athlete

Question 36

Process goal Outcome goal

Answer 36

Athlete has control Athletes has little control

Question 37

Short and long goal

Answer 37

they are interdependent long term set a direction for short goal short goal are for self-confidence

Question 38

Whole practice Part practice

Answer 38

entirely skill separate the skill in subcomponent

Question 39

Segmentation Fractionalization Simplification

Answer 39

Divide the into subcomponents with break Divide subcomponents independently Adjust difficulty

Question 40

Pure part training schedule

Answer 40

each subcomponent multiple times independently 111 222 333 then 123

Question 41

Progressive part training

Answer 41

first the number 1 then mastered, the number 2, then 12

Question 42

Repetitive part training

Answer 42

first part in isolation, then second part with the first 111 1212 123 123

Question 43

Random practice

Answer 43

multiple skills are practiced together

Question 44

Variable practice

Answer 44

one skill with several variation

Question 45

Observational learning

Answer 45

Physical practice is combined with observation of a pro

Question 46

Explicit instruction Guided discovery Discovery

Answer 46

rules of effective task instruction about the overall little instruction or none

Question 47

Intrinsic feedback Augmented feedback

Answer 47

athlete to athlete from senses external to athlete, as a coach, video or technology

Question 48

Knowledge of result Knowledge of performance

Answer 48

provide information about the execution of task goal provide information about his or her movement pattern, ie video

Question 49

Feedback ratio

Answer 49

frequent are beneficial in competition Delayed feedback are useful during learning process, and decreases in number while athlete get the skill