psychology/psych pathology

Question 1

extinction

Answer 1

discontinuation of reinforcement (either pos ot neg) eventually eliminates behavior

Question 2

immature ego defences

Answer 2

acting out
dissacoctiation
denial
displacement
fixation
identification
isolation of effect (seperation of feelings from ideas and events)
projection
rationalization
reaction formation (bad feeling or though replaced by action of the opposite)
regression
splitting (belief that all people in a group are either good or bad)

Question 3

mature defences

Answer 3

altruism
humor
sublimination (replace a unacceptable wish with a course of action similar to the wish that does not conflict with values)
suppression

Question 4

effects of infant deprivation

Answer 4

porr muscle tone, poor languange skills, poor socialization, lack of trust, depression

Question 5

hostile, defient behavior without serious violations of socielat norms

Answer 5

oppositional defiant disorder

Question 6

age of seperation anxiety disorder

Answer 6

7-9

Question 7

tx for seperation anxiety disorder

Answer 7

SSRIs, therapy

Question 8

Rett’s disorder occurrs in what gender

Answer 8

females (males die in utero or shortly after)

Question 9

regression in girls around age 4 with MR, autism-like sx, and handwringing

Answer 9

rett’s

Question 10

Neurotransmitter changes in anxiety

Answer 10

up: NE,
down: GABA 5-HT

Question 11

Neurotransmitter changes in depression

Answer 11

Down: NE, 5-HT, dopamine

Question 12

Neurotransmitter changes in alzeimer

Answer 12

down: ACh

Question 13

Neurotransmitter changes in huntington’s

Answer 13

down: GABA, ACh
Up: Dopamine

Question 14

Neurotransmitter changes in schizophrenia

Answer 14

up: Dopamine

Question 15

Neurotransmitter changes in Parkinson’s

Answer 15

down: Dopamine
up: 5-HT, ACh

Question 16

order of loss in orientation

Answer 16

time, place, person

Question 17

drugs that can often cause delerium

Answer 17

anticholergenics

Question 18

dx criteria for schizophrenia

Answer 18

2 or more for 6 months:

delusions
Hallucinations
disorginized seech
neg sx (flat effect, social withdrawal, lack of motivation, lack of speech or thought)

Question 19

5 types of schizophrenia

Answer 19

paranoid, disorginized, catatonic, undifferentiated, residual

Question 20

delusionan disorder cx

Answer 20

fixed, persisant nonbizzare belif lasting for more than a month

Question 21

milder form of bipolar with no impairment of functioning and no need for hospitalization

Answer 21

hypomanic

Question 22

tx for bipolar

Answer 22

mood stabilizers, atypical antipsychotics

Question 23

dysthymia dna hypomania for more than a year

Answer 23

cyclothymic

Question 24

manic episode criteria

Answer 24

for more than one week:

distractibility
irresponsibility
grandiosity
flight of ideas
agitation
less need for sleep
talkitive or persistant speech

Question 25

criteria for major depressibe disorder

Answer 25

5 of the following for 2 or more weeks ``` Sleep disturbance loss of interest guilt/feelings of worthlessness loss of energy loss of concentration appetite/weight changes psychomotor change suicidal idealations depressed mood ```

Question 26

sx of atypical depression

Answer 26

mood reactivty hypersomnia and weight gain leaden paralysis long-standing interpersonal rejection sensitivity

Question 27

treatment for atypical depression

Answer 27

MAOi, SSRI

Question 28

indications for ECT

Answer 28

refractory depression, pregnant women, acute suicidal, depression with psychotic features, catatonia

Question 29

tx for CD

Answer 29

SSRI, clomipramine

Question 30

major difference between OCD and OCPD

Answer 30

OCD you know the thoughts are bizzare

Question 31

disorder often found with OCD

Answer 31

tourette's

Question 32

tx for PTSD

Answer 32

psychotherapy, SSRIs

Question 33

sx for generalized anxiety

Answer 33

SSRIs, SNRIs

Question 34

difference between malingering and facitious disorder

Answer 34

malingering stops when they get what they want

Question 35

complaints of multiple organ systems, usually before 30

Answer 35

somatization

Question 36

sudden loss of senory or motor function, pt often doesnt care about it

Answer 36

comversion

Question 37

schizoaffective sx

Answer 37

schizophrenic psychotic sx + bipolar or depressed mood disorder

Question 38

stages in overcoming substance addicyion

Answer 38

``` precomtemplation contemplation prep/determination action/willpower maintanince relapse ```

Question 39

sx of EtOH withdrawal

Answer 39

severe: autonomic hyperactivity and DTs TX is benzos

Question 40

sx of opiod withdrawal

Answer 40

sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection, fever, yawning, nausea TX: long term support, methadone, buprenorphine

Question 41

sx of barbo withdrawal

Answer 41

delierum, life threating CV collapse

Question 42

sx of benzo withdrawal

Answer 42

sleep disturbance, depression, rebound enxiety, seziure if severe