Psychology quiz Flashcards
(18 cards)
Counterconditioning
A fear reduction strategy where pleasant stimuli are attached to fear-evoking stimuli to reduce fear
Flooding
A fear reduction strategy where fear-evoking stimuli are presented continuously in the absence of harm
Systematic Desensitization
A fear reduction strategy where steps are taken to introduce the fear-evoking stimuli while the person is relaxed
Define learning
Relatively permanent change that changes the behavior
Unconditional stimulus
The initial stimulus that creates the initial response
Unconditional response
The initial response created by the unconditional stimulus
Conditional response
Response that’s being added to create the same reaction as the unconditional response
Conditional stimuli
Stimuli that’s being added to create the same reaction as the unconditional stimuli
Classical conditioning
Association between stimulus and involuntary response
Operant conditioning
A form of learning in which organisms learn behaviors due to the consequences voluntarily
Reinforcement
Want behavior to continue; increase behavior
Punishment
want to decrease a certain behavior
Fixed-Interval schedule
An amount of time elapses before the response is reinforced
Variable-Interval schedule
A schedule that an amount of time elapses before behavior is reinforced (no time frame)
Fixed-Ratio schedule
A reinforcement is provided after a fixed number of correct responses such as 5:1 (You don’t know when it will happen)
Variable-Ratio schedule
A reinforcement is provided after a variable number of correct responses
Pavlov Experiment
Every time he would blow a whistle, the dog would salivate because he taught the dog that if he puts a piece of meat in front of him he will salivate, and adding the bell would also make him salivate. So every time the dog heard the bell, he would begin to salivate.
Little Albert Experiment
Experimenters put a baby in a room with a bunch of white animals and Albert loved them. But then the experimenters began making loud noises that startled the baby, so every time the baby would see a white animal or anything white, he would get scared and begin to cry.
