Psychology Unit 1 test Flashcards
(111 cards)
psychology
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Good Psychology Does NOT
allow a person to see into the SOUL of another.
answer the “Big Questions” about life.
fix peoples’ problems
attempt to make people Feel Good
What identifies Bad Psychology?
Simple Answers
Giving advice
Makes a celebrity of the psychologist
Overly generalized information
vague or ambiguous terms
attempts to make subject feel good to easily
promises too much
overly generalized use of limited research findings
pseudoscience
What identifies good psychology?
ethical
promotes well-being
encourages healthy change
recognizes not all problems can be fixed
recognizes that seemingly unsolvable problems may be resolvable
empowers the subject
recognizes that personal change requires hard work
sensitive to cultural differences
validates perspective, not necessarily actions
operates from a scientifically supported framework
5 pillars of Psychology
Biological
Cognitive
Development
Social & Personality
Mental & Physical Health
Things included in the Biological Pillar of Psychology
biological psychology
Neurology
Neuroscience
Sensation
Consciousness
Things included in the Cognitive Pillar of Psychology
Perception
Thinking
Intelligence
Memory
Things included in the Development Pillar of Psychology
Learning and maturing through the stages and processes of Human Lifespan Development.
Things included in the Social & Personality Pillar of Psychology
Social Psychology
Personality
Motivation
Emotion
What are the 2 allied areas of the Social & Personality Pillar of Psychology
Social Influences
Personalities
Social influences affect on psychology
contribute to the way our personalities develop
Personalities affect on psychology
guide the social environments we seek out and how we respond within them
Mental & Physical Health Pillar of Psychology
absence of pathology
presence of well-being
Psychological Disorders
Psychotherapy
Mental Health Treatments
Stress
Lifestyle influences
BioPsychoSocial Model
Medical Model which recognizes that there is greater complexity to a person’s apparent symptoms. Biology, Psychology, and Social elements all contribute to causes and outcomes.
SEQUENCE of GOALS in RESEARCH:
Describe
Explain
Predict
Modify
Describe
Tell precisely what is observed. No Interpretation, no judgment, no predictions
Explain
Why does the behavior occur (or not occur)?
Predict
Under what conditions does it happen (or not happen)?
Modify
Alter the behavior. Make it happen or prevent it.
STEPS in the EMPIRICAL RESEARCH PROCESS
- Notice a Phenomenon and ask a Question about it.
- Formulate the Hypothesis
- Explore the scholarly and scientific literature
- Design a Study
- Conduct the study and collect data
- Analyze the Data
- Report the Results
Anecdote
an interesting story; may lead us to ask questions and then identify interesting and useful directions for research.
Types of Studies
Survey, Psychological Test, Experiment, Correlation, Naturalistic Observation, Case Study
Operational Definitions
A precise, measurable definition for a term used in the study
Descriptive Statistics
Help to summarize data with measures such as Mean, Median, Mode, Range, Coefficient of Correlation, Percentages, etc.