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Fall 2023 > Psychopathology > Flashcards

Psychopathology Flashcards

1
Q

Psychological / Behavioral Disorder

A

A pattern of behavior or thinking that causes significant personal distress, impairs ones ability to function in one or more important areas of life, or both

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2
Q

What book provides the standard descriptions of psychological disorders?

A

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorsers

DSM-TR

By American Psychological Association

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3
Q

How many people in the U.S. have an anxiety disorder in their lifetime?

A

1/4

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4
Q

Affective Disorder / Mood disorder

A

Serious, persistent disturbance in a person’s emotions that causes psychological discomfort, impairs ability to function, or both

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5
Q

What body weight does someone have to be to be considered anorexic?

A

85% normal for that person’s age/height

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6
Q

What percent of people who experience eating disorders are female?

A

95%

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7
Q

What chemical change in the brain is associated with eating disorders?

A

Decrease in serotonin

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8
Q

Personality Disorder

A

Inflexible, maladaptive pattern of thoughts/emotions/behaviors/interpersonal functioning that is stable over time and across situations

(and deviate from expectations in individual’s culture)

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9
Q

At what age do most personality disorders become apparent?

A

Adolescence/early adulthood

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10
Q

What are the three basic clusters of personality disorders?

A
  • Odd, eccentric
  • Dramatic, emotional, erratic
  • Anxious, fearful
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11
Q

What are the 10 personality disorders? (+1 bonus)

A
  • Dependent Personality disorder
  • Paranoid personality disorder
  • Schizoid personality disorder
  • Schizotypal personality disorder
  • Avoidant Personality Disorder
  • Obsessive-Compulsive personality disorder
  • Histrionic personality disorder
  • Narcissistic personality disorder
  • Antisocial Personality Disorder
  • Emotionally unstable personality disorder / borderline personality disorder
    - Impulsive personality disorder (a subtype of EUPD)
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12
Q

Dependent personality disorder

A

A personality disorder characterized by a pervasive, excessive need to be taken care of and submissiveness/clinging behavior

Tx: Psychotherapy and sometimes antidepressants

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13
Q

Paranoid Personality Disorder / PPD

A

Personality Disorder characterized my unwarranted mistrust and and suspicion of other via interpreting their motives as malicious

Tx: Behavioral therapy and sometimes Rx

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14
Q

Schizoid Personality Disorder / ScPD

A

Pervasive detachment from social relationships and limited range of emotions, indifference to praise or criticism

Tx: cognitive-behavioral therapy therapy

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15
Q

Schizotypal Personality Disorder / STPD

A

Characterized by intense discomfort with and reduced capacity for close relationships, distorted cognition and perceptions, and eccentricity

Tx: Antipsychotics/antidepressants, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and possible psychotherapy

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16
Q

Avoidant Personality Disorder / AVPD

A

Characterized by avoidance of social situation or interactions that include risk of rejection, criticism, or humiliation

Tx: Psychotherapy, antidepressants, anxiolytics

17
Q

Histrionic Personality Disorder / HPD

A

Characterized with excessive emotionality and attention seeking

Tx: Psychodynamic psychotherapy

18
Q

Narcissistic Personality Disorder / NPD

A

Characterized by aggrandized sense of self worth, need for adulation, and lack of empathy

Tx: Psychodynamic psychotherapy

19
Q

Antisocial Personality Disorder / APD

A

Characterized by disregard for consequences or the rights of others and lack of guilt

Tx: cognitive-behavioral therapy, antipsychotics, and/or antidepressants

20
Q

Borderline Personality Disorder / BPD
Emotionally Unstable Personality Disorder

A

Characterized by instability and hypersensitivity in relationships, instability in self-image, extreme mood swings, and impulsivity

Tx: Psychotherapy, possibly Rx

21
Q

Positive Symptom

A

Symptom that reflects increase, excess, or distortion of normal functioning

22
Q

Delusion

A

Fixed, false believe that contradicts reality

23
Q

Hallucination

A

Sensory perception of something that does not exist

24
Q

Negative Symptom

A

Symptom that reflects decrease, defect, or deficit in normal functioning

25
Q

What are three positive and three negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

A

+ Delusions
+Hallucinations
+ Severely Disorganized thought process

-Flat affect
- Alogia (reduced speech)
- Avolition

26
Q

Avolition

A

Inability to initiate or persist in even simple goal-directed behaviors

27
Q

Flat affect

A

Severely restricted or nonexistent expression of emotion

28
Q

What are the four major types of anxiety disorder?

A
  • Phobic disorder
  • Panic disorder
  • Generalized anxiety disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder
29
Q

Somatoform disorder

A

Psychological difficulties that take on a somatic form, but for which there is no medical cause

30
Q

Illness anxiety disorder

A

Constant fear of illness and preoccupation with one’s own health

31
Q

Conversion disorder

A

Actual physical disturbance w/ a purely psychological cause

E.g. loss of vision or inability to move a particular limb

32
Q

Dissociative Disorder / Psychological dysfunction

A

Characterized by the separation of different facets of a person’s personality that are normally integrated

33
Q

Dissociative amnesia

A

Significant, selective memory loss

Memories are present but repressed

34
Q

Dissociative Fugue

A

Individual assumes a new identity and leaves home suddenly

Form of amnesia

35
Q

Transferrence

A

The tendency of patients to transfer to a therapist feelings that correspond to those the patient had for important people in their past

36
Q

Behavioral therapy

A

Therapy designed to actively change the behavior

37
Q

Cognitive therapy

A

treatment of emotional and behavioral problems by changing maladaptive thoughts, beliefs, and feelings

38
Q

Client-centered therapy

A

Patient talks without receiving direction, judgement, or interpretation from the therapist

Fall 2023 (13 decks)

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