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6th year > Psychopathology terms > Flashcards

Psychopathology terms Flashcards

(79 cards)

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1
Q

Agnosia

A

Fairlure to recognize or identify objects, despite intact sensory function

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2
Q

Akathisia

A

A state of motor restlessness, sometimes produced by neuroleptic medication,
that ranges from a feeling of inner distress to an inability to sit still

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3
Q

Aldehyde dehydrogenase

A

Enzyme that carries out a specific step in alcohol metabolism,
that is, the metabolism of acetaldehyde to acetate. This enzyme may be blocked by the
drug disulfiram (Antabuse).

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4
Q

Aliphatic

A

of, relating to, or being an organic compound having an open-chain structure

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5
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Abscence of menses

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6
Q

Amnestic disorder

A

severe memory impairment without other significant impairments of
cognitive functioning

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7
Q

Amyloid angiopathy

A

a neurological condition in which amyloid protein is deposited onto
the walls of the arteries of the brain, increasing the risk of bleeding into the brain
(hemorrhagic stroke)

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8
Q

Anhedonia

A

a psychological condition characterized by inability to experience pleasure or excitement in
acts which normally produce it

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9
Q

Anxiolytics

A

antianxiety medications; tranquilizers. Benzodiazepines are anxiolytic drugs.

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10
Q

Aphasia

A

Deterioration og language function

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11
Q

Apraxia

A

Impairmed ability to execute to execute motor activities, despite intact motor abilities, sensory function, comprehension

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12
Q

Asterixis

A

A flapping movement of hyperextended hands

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13
Q

Ataxia

A

Loss of ability to coordinate muscular movement

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14
Q

Bradykinesia

A

slowness in the execution of movement, as opposed to slowness in
initiation of movement. This is a feature of Parkinson’s disease and other disorders
involving the basal ganglia.

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15
Q

Carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT)

A

an elevation of 20 units or higher is useful in

identifying individuals who consume eight or more alcoholic drinks daily

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16
Q

Choreoathetosis

A

uncontrolled or slow movement due to muscle tone problems, usually in
large muscle groups, that leads to slow involuntary contractions of the head, limbs, trunk,
or neck

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17
Q

Concatenation

A

A series of interconected or interdependent things or events

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18
Q

Confabulation

A

The replacement of gap in a person’s memory by a falsification that he or she believes to be true

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19
Q

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

A

one of the subacute spongiform encephalopathies, a group of
central nervous system diseases caused by transmissible agents known as “slow viruses,”
or prions. Typical manifestation includes dementia, involuntary movements, and periodic
EEG activity.

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20
Q

Delirium

A

a disturbance of consciousness and a change in cognition that develops over a
short period of time

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21
Q

Delirium tremens

A

a withdrawal syndrome occurring in persons who have developed
physiological dependence on alcohol, characterized by tremor, visual hallucinations, and
autonomic instability

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22
Q

Delusion

A

a fixed false belief.

Non-psychotic delusion – a fixed false belief that is plausible

Psychotic delusion – a fixed false belief that is not plausible

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23
Q

Depersonalization

A

a state in which one no longer perceives the reality of one’s self or
one’s environment.

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24
Q

Derealization

A

an alteration in perception leading to the feeling that the reality of the world
has been changed or lost

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25
Disorder
a disturbence in physical or mental health or functions; malady or dysfunction
26
Discursive
Proceeding coherently from topic to topic marked by analytical reasoning
27
Dysarthria
Impaired ability to articulate
28
Dysgraphia
Impaired ability to write
29
Dyskinesia
an impairment in the ability to control movements, characterized by spasmodic or repetitive motions or lack of coordination.
30
Dysnomia
Impaired abillity to name objects
31
Dysphoria
An emotional state characterized by anxiety, depression or unease
32
Dysthymia
A mood disorder characterized by chronic mild depression
33
Dystonia
abnormal tonicity of muscle, characterized by prolonged, repetitive muscle contractions that may cause twisting or jerking movements of the body or a body part
34
Echolalia
meaningless repetition of words and/or phrases; speech that involves only echoing what is heard
35
Ego-dystonic
of or pertaining to aspects of one's behavior or attitudes viewed as inconsistent with one's fundamental beliefs and personality (out of sync with the individual’s self-concept)
36
Ego-syntonic
of or pertaining to aspects of one's behavior or attitudes viewed as acceptable and consistent with one's fundamental personality and beliefs (in sync with the individual’s self-concept)
37
Euthymia
a state of tranquility or quitness of mind
38
Facile
Easyly, without difficulty, wasy to understand or make use of
39
Formication
a tactile hallucination involving the belief that something is crawling on the body or under the skin; an abnormal sensation as of insects running over or into the skin, associated with cocaine intoxication or disease of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves
40
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT)
an elevation of GGT > 30 units is a sensitive | indicator of heavy drinking
41
Hallucination
a perception that exists without existing sensory input
42
Hypertonia
Increased rigidity, tension and spasticity of the muscles
43
Hypnogogic
of, relating to, or associated with the drowsiness preceding sleep
44
Hypnopopic
associated with the semiconsciousness preceding waking
45
Ictal (and postictal)
of or relating to a seizure or convulsion
46
Idiosyncratic
due to individual disposition or susceptibility
47
Ipsative
designating or involving a measurement or scale calculated relative to a person’s own performance or responses, rather than those of others
48
Labile
constantly undergoing or likely to undergo change; unstable (from the Middle English labil, forgetful, wandering; from Late Latin l bilis, apt to slip). The noun form is lability.
49
Lanugo
a fine downy body hair sometimes found on the trunks of individuals who suffer from Anorexia Nervosa
50
Leukopenia
a condition in which the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood is abnormally low and which is most commonly due to a decreased production of new cells in conjunction with various infectious diseases, as a reaction to various drugs or other chemicals, or in response to irradiation. This condition is common in Anorexia Nervosa
51
Menarche
the first menstrual period; the age at which this occurs
52
Mental disorder (DSM-IV)
a clinically significant behavioral or psychological syndrome or pattern in an individual that creates impairment or distress in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning that creates a risk for death, disability, or loss of important freedoms
53
Monomania
an inordinate or obsessive zeal for or interest in a single thing, idea, subject, or the like; a psychosis characterized by thoughts confine to one idea or group of ideas
54
Morbid
affected by, caused by, causing, or characteristic of disease
55
Morbidity
the incidence of a disease; the rate of sickness, as in a specified community or group
56
Nosology
The systematic classification of diseases
57
Organicity
the quality of having been caused by neurochemical, neuroendocrinologic, structural, or other physical impairment or change
58
Overarching
encompassing or overshadowing everything
59
Overweening
exaggerated, excessive, or arrogant
60
Palilalia
repeating sounds over and over
61
Paresthesia
a skin sensation, such as burning, prickling, itching, or tingling, with no apparent physical cause
62
Personality disorder
an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture and manifests in two or more of the areas of cognition, affectivity, interpersonal functioning, and/or impulse control; is inflexible and pervasive across a broad range of personal and social situations; has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood; is stable over time; and leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
63
Phencyclidine
an anesthetic drug, C17H25N, used as an animal tranquilizer; also widely used in several forms as an illicit hallucinogen; also called angel dust or PCP
64
Pica
a tendency or craving to eat substances other than normal foodstuffs, especially non-nutritive substances, seen chiefly during childhood or pregnancy or as a symptom of dietary deficiency. (In typography, pica is used to describe standard 12-point sized type.)
65
Pick’s disease
a degenerative disease of the brain that particularly affects the frontal and temporal lobes, characterized early in course by deterioration of social skills, emotional blunting, behavioral disinhibition, and prominent language abnormalities, and most commonly manifested in individuals between ages 50 and 60
66
Piloerection
the erection or bristling of hairs or fur; gooseflesh
67
Premorbid
occurring or existing before the occurrence of physical disease or emotional illness
68
Prodromal
a premonitory (serving to warn beforehand) symptom
69
Psychopathy
personality disorder characterized by persistent impulsive, irresponsible, antisocial, and often violent or aggressive behavior, often accompanied by an inability to form normal relationships with others
70
Psychosis
a mental disorder characterized by symptoms, such as delusions or hallucinations, that indicate impaired contact with reality
71
Senile plaques
areas where products of dying nerve cells have accumulated around protein. Senile plaques are seen in the brain tissue of individuals who suffer from Alzheimer’s Disease.
72
Sensorium
ability of the brain to receive and interpret sensory stimuli; the state of consciousness judged in terms of this ability
73
Sociopathy
personality disorder that manifests chiefly in antisocial attitudes and behavior
74
Somatization
the occurrence of bodily symptoms in consequence of or as an expression of mental disorder
75
Synesthesia
a concomitant sensation, especially a subjective sensation or image of a sense (as of color) other than the one (as of sound) being stimulated
76
Tardive dyskinesia
a neurological disorder that is usually a late-developing side effect of long-term treatment with antipsychotic drugs and is characterized by involuntary movements of the face and jaws
77
Temporal lobe epilepsy
epilepsy characterized by partial rather than generalized seizures that typically originate in the temporal lobe and are marked by impairment of consciousness, automatisms, unusual changes in behavior, and hallucinations (as of odors).
78
Veridical
truthful; veracious; corresponding to facts; not illusory; real; actual; genuine
79
Voluble
characterized by ready or rapid speech

6th year (4 decks)

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