PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY

Question 1

WHAT DO NEURONS DO

Answer 1

TRANSMIT MESSAGES OR COMMUNICATE WITH EACH OTHER, DRUGS CAN AFFECT THEIR COMMUNICATION

Question 2

SOMA

Answer 2

CELL BODY OF THE NEURON

Question 3

DENDRITES

Answer 3

LARGE AND SMALL BRANCHES OF THE NEURON, RECEIVE MESSAGES FROM OTHER NEURONS

Question 4

AXON

Answer 4

LONG SLENDER TUBE THAT CARRIES MESSAGES FROM THE SOMA TO ITS TERMINAL BUTTONS

Question 5

TERMINAL BUTTONS

Answer 5

AT ENDS OF THE AXON, DELIVER NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Question 6

NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Answer 6

CHEMICAL MESSENGERS

Question 7

SYNAPSE

Answer 7

PHYSICAL GAP BETWEEN THE TERMINAL BUTTON OF ONE NEURON AND A DENDRITE OR SOMA OF AN OTHER NEURON.

Question 8

ENDOGENOUS

Answer 8

SUBSTANCES PRODUCED FROM WITHIN THE BODY. E.G., ENDORPHINS, INSULIN, ADRENALIN

Question 9

EXOGENOUS

Answer 9

PRODUCED OUTSIDE THE BODY. E.G., CAFFIENE, VITAMINS, HERBS, MEDICATIONS, ETC.

Question 10

DEPOLARIZED

Answer 10

LESS LIKELY TO TRANSMIT AN ELECTRICAL RESPONSE. EXCITATORY

Question 11

HYPERPOLARIZED

Answer 11

LESS LIKELY TO TRANSMIT AN ELECTRICAL RESPONSE. INHIBITORY

Question 12

MAIN NEUROTRANSMITTERS

Answer 12

FOR EMOTION AND BEHAVIOR: DOPAMINE, NOREPINEPHRINE, SEROTONIN

Question 13

IMPORTANT AMINO ACIDS

Answer 13

GABA, GLYCINE, GLUTAMATE

Question 14

TYROSINE CONVERSION

Answer 14

COMES FROM DIET, CONVERTS TO DOPAMINE WHICH FURTHER CONVERTS TO NOREPINEPHERINE.

Question 15

SEROTONIN

Answer 15

MAY CONTRIBUTE TO MOOD, ANXIETY, AROUSAL, IRRITABILITY, TRANQUILITY, APPETITE, COGNITION, SLEEP-WAKE CYCLES, OBSESSIONS.

Question 16

AGONIST

Answer 16

A DRUG THAT INCREASES THE AVAILABILITY OR ACTION OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 17

ANTAGONIST

Answer 17

A DRUG THAT DECREASES THE AVAILABILITY OR ACTION OF A NEUROTRANSMITTER

Question 18

ACETYLCHOLINE

Answer 18

MIGHT CONTRIBUTE TO MEMORY, LEARNING, BEHAVIORAL AROUSAL, ATTENTION, MOOD, AND REM DURING SLEEP

Question 19

EPINEPHRINE OR ADRENALINE

Answer 19

REGULATES OUR FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE.

Question 20

NOREPINEPHRINE

Answer 20

WAKEFULNESS AND ALERTNESS

Question 21

DOPAMINE

Answer 21

INVOLVED WITH BEHAVIORAL REGULATION, MOVEMENT, LEARNING, MOOD, AND ATTENTION.

Question 22

SEROTONIN

Answer 22

MOOD REGULATION, CONTROL OF APPETITE, SLEEP AND AROUSAL, PAIN REGULATION

Question 23

DRUG ADMINISTERED ORALLY

Answer 23

BY MOUTH

Question 24

DRUG ADMINISTERED SUBCUTANEOUSLY

Answer 24

DEEP TISSUE INJECTION

Question 25

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRAMUSCULARLY (IM)

Answer 25

MUSCLE INJECTION

Question 26

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRADERMALLY

Answer 26

DERMAL INJECTION

Question 27

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRANASALLY

Answer 27

NASAL SPRAY

Question 28

DRUG ADMINISTERED INHALATIONAL

Answer 28

RESPIRATORY INFUSION

Question 29

DRUG ADMINISTERED SUBLINGUAL

Answer 29

DISSOLUTION UNDER THE TONGUE

Question 30

DRUG ADMINISTERED TRANSDERMALLY

Answer 30

SKIN ABSORPTION

Question 31

DRUG ADMINISTERED INTRAVENOUSLY (IV)

Answer 31

VENOUS INJECTION

Question 32

DRUG ADMINISTERED SOLTAB

Answer 32

ORALLY DISSOLVING TABLET

Question 33

DRUG ABSORPTION SLOWEST

Answer 33

SLOWEST: ORAL ADMINISTRATION

Question 34

DRUG ABSORPTION FASTER

Answer 34

FASTER: INTRAMUSCULAR, INTRAVENOUS

Question 35

DRUG DISTRIBUTION

Answer 35

LIVER IS FIRST ORGAN FOR ORALLY ABSORBED DRUGS. KNOWN AS FIRST PASS METABOLISM. AFTER WHICH IT GOES TO THE TARGET ORGAN. CNS IS TARGET FOR PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS

Question 36

PROTEIN BINDING

Answer 36

DETERMINES HOW MUCH DRUG IS AVAILABLE TO ACT ON THE BRAIN, KEEPS IT IN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM LONGER

Question 37

HALF-LIFE

Answer 37

AVERAGE TIME REQUIRED TO ELIMINATE ONE OF A DRUG'S CONCENTRATION. IN GENERAL IT TAKES 5 HALF-LIVES FOR ANY DRUG TO BE ELIMINATED COMPLETELY FROM THE BODY

Question 38

LIPID SOLUBILITY

Answer 38

FAT SOLUBILITY, DETERMINE HOW EASILY A DRUG CAN CROSS A CELL MEMBRANE.

Question 39

THERAPEUTIC INDEX

Answer 39

RATIO OF A TOXIC DOSE TO A THERAPEUTIC DOSE.

Question 40

THERAPEUTIC DOSE

Answer 40

DRUG CONCENTRATION THAT GIVES A DESIRED RESPONSE

Question 41

TOXIC DOSE

Answer 41

DRUG CONCENTRATION THAT CAUSES MILD OR SEVERE SIDE EFFECTS

Question 42

HIGH THERAPEUTIC INDEX

Answer 42

RISK OF TOXICITY FROM A DRUG IS LOWER AT THERAPEUTIC DOSES IS FARTHER AWAY FROM TOXIC LEVELS. (MORE ROOM TO PLAY)

Question 43

LOW THERAPEUTIC INDEX

Answer 43

RISK OF TOXICITY FROM A DRUG IS GREATER BECAUSE THE THERAPEUTIC DOSE IS CLOSER TO ITS TOXIC LEVEL (E.G., LITHIUM) (LESS ROOM TO PLAY)

Question 44

LOADING DOSE

Answer 44

DRUG IS STARTED AT HIGH DOSES TO OBTAIN A CERTAIN DESIRED RESPONSE

Question 45

TOLERANCE

Answer 45

WHEN SOMEONE NEEDS GREATER AMOUNTS OF THE DRUGS OVER TIME TO PRODUCE THE DESIRED EFFECT

Question 46

WITHDRAWAL

Answer 46

A SET OF CHARACTERISTIC SYMPTOMS THAT EMERGE WHEN A DRUG IS ABRUPTLY DISCONTINUED AFTER HEAVY AND PROLONGED USE. CAN BE MEDICALLY DANGEROUS

Question 47

DISCONTINUATION SYNDROME

Answer 47

WITHDRAWAL THAT IS NOT MEDICALLY DANGEROUS. NEW CONCEPT

Question 48

POTENTIATION

Answer 48

ONE DRUG ENHANCES THE EFFECT OF A SECOND DRUG

Question 49

SYNERGISM

Answer 49

ONE DRUG THAT MAY ENHANCE THE EFFECT OF A SECOND DRUG SIGNIFICANTLY MORE THAN EXPECTED. LARGER EFFECT THAN POTENTIATION (2-FOLD VERSUS 6+-FOLD)

Question 50

PLACEBO RESPONSE

Answer 50

BRAIN ACTS AS IF THE DRUG WERE PRESENT EVEN THOUGHT THE MEDICATION IS NOT.

Question 51

ABBREVIATIONS: A.C.

Answer 51

BEFORE FOOD

Question 52

ABBREVIATIONS: B.I.D

Answer 52

TWICE A DAY

Question 53

ABBREVIATIONS: CAP.

Answer 53

CAPSULE

Question 54

ABBREVIATIONS: C WITH A BAR ON TOP

Answer 54

WITH

Question 55

ABBREVIATIONS: H.

Answer 55

HOUR

Question 56

ABBREVIATIONS: HS

Answer 56

AT BEDTIME

Question 57

ABBREVIATIONS: P.C.

Answer 57

AFTER FOOD

Question 58

ABBREVIATIONS: P.O.

Answer 58

BY MOUTH

Question 59

ABBREVIATIONS: P.R.N.

Answer 59

AS OCCASION REQUIRES

Question 60

ABBREVIATIONS: Q4H

Answer 60

EVERY 4 HOURS

Question 61

ABBREVIATIONS: Q6H

Answer 61

EVERY 6 HOURS

Question 62

ABBREVIATIONS: QD

Answer 62

EVERY DAY

Question 63

ABBREVIATIONS: Q.I.D.

Answer 63

FOUR TIMES A DAY

Question 64

ABBREVIATIONS: RX

Answer 64

PRESCRIPTION

Question 65

ABBREVIATIONS: STAT.

Answer 65

IMMEDIATELY

Question 66

ABBREVIATIONS: TAB.

Answer 66

TABLET

Question 67

ABBREVIATIONS: T.I.D.

Answer 67

THREE TIMES A DAY