Psychos

Question 1

How do first generation (Typical) antipsychotics work?

Answer 1

D2 antagonists

Question 2

What are examples of typical antipsychotics?

Answer 2

Chlorpromazine

Haloperidol

Question 3

What are the side effects of typical antipsychotics?

Answer 3

Extrapyramidal side effects

Question 4

What are Extrapyramidal side effects?

Answer 4

Tardive dyskinesia
Acute dystonic reaction
Parkinsonism
Akathisia

Question 5

What is Tardive dyskinesia?

Answer 5

Orofacial involuntary movements e.g. Lip smacking

Question 6

What is an acute dystonic reaction?

Answer 6

Oculogyric crisis

Torticollis

Question 7

What is an oculogyric crisis?

Answer 7

Sustained, unwanted upward deviation of the eye

Question 8

What is torticollis?

Answer 8

Painful muscular contraction of the sternocleidomastoid muscle - L side

Question 9

How is torticollis treated?

Answer 9

procyclidine

Question 10

What is thought attention?

Answer 10

Thought insertion

Question 11

What are the 1st rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 11

Auditory Hallucinations
Thought interference
Passivity
Delusional perception

Question 12

What types of auditory hallucinations are heard in schizophrenia?

Answer 12

hearing thoughts spoken out loud

3rd person hallucinations discussing pt / a running commentary

Question 13

What is thought interference?

Answer 13

Thought insertion, withdrawal, interruption or broadcasting

Question 14

What is thought broadcasting?

Answer 14

The idea that the patients thoughts can be heard / known by those around them

Question 15

What is Passivity in schizophrenia?

Answer 15

feelings, impulses or actions controlled by an external force

Question 16

What is Loosening of associations?

Answer 16

Formal thought disorder

No clear links between successive thoughts

Question 17

What is Flight of ideas?

Answer 17

Clear links between successive thoughts despite topic changes

Question 18

What is the management for schizophrenia?

Answer 18

Oral antipsychotic (Typical at first) - Clozapine after 2 failed drugs
CBT to all patients

Question 19

What is BAPD

Answer 19

Bipolar affective personality disorder

Question 20

What are the two types of BAPD?

Answer 20

Type 1 - Mania + Depressive

Type 2 - Hypomania + Depressive

Question 21

What are the treatments for BAPD?

Answer 21

Mood stabilisers (Lithium / Sodium Valproate)
Dialectical behavioral therapy

Question 22

What are the side effects of Long term lithium use?

Answer 22

Hypothyroidism
Irreversible nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperglycaemia

Question 23

How long after first Lithium treatment should the readings be measured?

Answer 23

1 week later, 12hrs after dose

Question 24

What tests should be run when on lithium treatment?

Answer 24

Lithium levels every 3mo

Thyroid tests every 6mo

Question 25

How can Lithium cause hypercalcaemia?

Answer 25

Hyperparathyroidism > Hypercalcaemia

Question 26

What are atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 26

2nd generation antipsychotics used after typical ones

Question 27

Why do we use atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 27

Due to the impact of EPSEs

Question 28

What are examples of atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 28

``` Risperidone Aripiprazole Clozapine Quetiapine Olanzapine ```

Question 29

What are the worryomg side effects of clozapine?

Answer 29

Neutropenic sepsis | Constipation

Question 30

What are the common side effects of olanzapine?

Answer 30

Weight gain

Question 31

How do we treat neutropenia in closapine treatment?

Answer 31

Lithium!

Question 32

How do we treat weight gain from atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 32

Metformin!

Question 33

What are the side effects of sodium valproate?

Answer 33

Hair loss Weight gain Nausea