PT 1 Flashcards
(19 cards)
What is the definition of crude fiber?
The residue, consisting chiefly of cellulose, that remains undissolved after successive treatment with boiling acid and alkali.
Why is crude fiber determination important in cocoa?
It is used in evaluating the efficiency of milling and separating bran from the starchy endosperm and in determining the succulence of fresh vegetables and fruits.
What is the crude fiber limit in cocoa?
7% of ether-insoluble residue.
What is the principle used in crude fiber determination in cocoa?
Gravimetric method of analysis.
What is the scientific name of cocoa?
Theobroma cacao.
What are the uses of cocoa in the pharmaceutical industry?
- Emmenagogue
- Emollient
- Nutritive
What is the procedure for determining crude fiber in cocoa?
- Weigh 2g of cocoa
- Macerate in ether for 24 hours
- Decant ether and dry
- Add boiling 1.25% H2SO4
- Heat for 30 minutes
- Filter and wash residue until neutral.
What does the determination of nonvolatile ether-soluble extractives in cocoa measure?
It is an approximate measure of certain soluble constituents or groups of related constituents.
What is the difference between volatile and non-volatile ether-soluble extractives?
- Volatile ether-soluble extractives: Represents volatile oil of the drug.
- Non-volatile ether-soluble extractives: Represents active constituents like fixed oils, resins, and coloring matter.
What is the formula for calculating the weight of nonvolatile ether-soluble extractives (NVESE)?
Weight of NVESE = wt. of Sample – wt. of volatile extract.
What is the general formula for acid value in peppermint oil?
Acid Value = (ml of KOH x N x 56.11) / wt. of sample.
What is the scientific name of peppermint?
Mentha piperita.
What is the minimum percentage of total menthol required in peppermint oil?
Less than 50.0%.
What is the general formula for saponification value?
Saponification Value = (mLBlank − mLTest) x N x 56.11 / wt of sample.
What is the purpose of iodine value determination?
It indicates the content of unsaturated triglycerides in oils and helps in characterizing and identifying oils.
What is the formula for calculating iodine value (IV)?
IV (g/100g) = (ml of blank − ml of actual) x N x 0.1269 x 100 / wt of sample.
What does the iodine value indicate?
The degree of unsaturation in oils.
What is a key application of iodine value determination?
To detect the purity of mixtures.
What is the purpose of a blank test determination in iodine value determination?
Corrects for the presence of impurities in reagents and changes in volume at different temperatures.
