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PT 1 MT Flashcards

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1
Q

increase body temperature causes..

A

decreased blood pressure

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2
Q

according to most dermatologists, the UV light in a tanning booth does not increase the risk of skin cancers

A

FALSE

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3
Q

if a nerve membrane potential reaches threshold, an action potential will result unless..

A

none

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4
Q

what therapy can decrease muscle spasm

A

heat and cold

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5
Q

deep heat is contradicted for patients that are diabetic because

A

poor heat dissipation system can result in burn

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6
Q

what vascular changes occur from tissue exposure to the chemical mediators of inflammation?

A

increased capillary hydrostatic pressure

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7
Q

transfer of heat to your patient with sitting in a steam room primarily occurs by

A

convection

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8
Q

(transfer of heat to your patient when sitting in a steam room primarily occurs by)

A

atherosclerosis of the lower extremities

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9
Q

U/S intensity is currently measured as..

A

as watts/cm2

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10
Q

(U/S intensity is currently measured)

A

the U/S crystal

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11
Q

where can field shortwave diathermy may safely be used

A

across the chest (to tx congestion)

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12
Q

what is not a chemical mediator of inflammation

A

bromelain

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13
Q

what tissue heats faster when exposed to continuous U/S

A

periosteum

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14
Q

what is the proper temperature for a hydrocolator tank to be maintained

A

160-170 F

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15
Q

what U/S specifications describes the degree of uniformity in the U/S beam?

A

beam non-uniformity ratio (BNR)

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16
Q

what therapy increases the chance of cataract formation?

A

shortwave diathermy

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17
Q

near UV radiation has ___ than far UV radiation

A

longer wavelength

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18
Q

what happens first when someone freezes to death?

A

loss of consciousness

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19
Q

ONE over-exposure of therapeutic light can cause ____ if the eyes are not protected

A

conjunctivitis

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20
Q

increased body temperature causes

A

decrease in blood pressure

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21
Q

heat applied to a congested tissue would cause what

A

increase edema

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22
Q

deep heat therapy is contraindicated in patient with raynaud’s dz T/F

A

FALSE

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23
Q

underwater application of U/S is shown to be equally effective as deep heater direct contact U/S if appropriate methods of application are performed T/F

A

false

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24
Q

when describing therapeutic U/S the term “effective radiating area” means

A

the surface area of the U/S crystal

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25
your patient has allergic skin lesions of poison oak contact where you desire to treat with a physical therapy modality, what therapy is NOT contraindicated
cryotherapy
26
the application of cryotherapy causes prolonged vasoconstriction of both arteries and arterioles. this *vasoconstriction* produces what result?
increased arterial pressure
27
patients with vascular intermittent claudication report that pain is worse in what condition?
during prolonged walking
28
(consider how one numerically reports capillary filling time)
increased capillary filling time = (+) finding
29
what role does sympathetic nervous system play in causing heat related *vasodilation*?
pain of spinal reflex (efferent pathway)
30
exposure to UV light will allow our bodies to produce vitamins D, what will facilitate this function?
none of the above
31
a person with raynaud's dz is
equally likely to be burned from an external heat source as a person w/out raynaud's
32
what physical therapy modalities may be safely applied in regions where there is greater that 1' thickness of subcutaneous fat
continuous U/S
33
what possible result can be the GREATEST RISK to a patient receiving short wave diathermy?
treating a patient who is electrically grounded
34
perspiration allows us to survive in ambient temperatures greater than body temperatures because it uses _____ to remove heat from the body even if air around is greater than 98.6F
conversion
35
what patient is most likely to develop erythemia ab igne?
chronic low back pain patient
36
what physical therapy modality is safe when treating an area when metal surgical screws are present?
continuous U/S
37
after healing of a grade 2 tendon injury this type of injury will be
weaker than pre-injry strength regardless of care
38
myofascial adhesions would most likely have significant biomechanics and neuromuscular consequences in which location
paraspinal muscles
39
viscerosomatic reflex for intermittent claudication -> which heats the least volume of tissue most rapidly.
shortwave diathermy
40
near UV radiation has ____ than far UV radiation
longer wavelength
41
an acute sunburn is best treated with infared therapy because increased bloodflow will provide oxygen and nutrients to the cells for rapid healing T/F
FALSE
42
because increased tissue temperature results in increased metabolic rate, deep heating over normal endocrine glands can result in dangerous increase in hormone secretion. as a result, certain regions of the abdomen are CI to deep heat therapy T/F
false
43
near infrared has ____ than far infrared
shorter wavelength
44
what are nociceptor stimulators?
histamine
45
fibrinogen is a soluble protein that easily passes across normal capillary barriers T/F
FALSE
46
easy mobilization of second degree sprain will result in scar tissues that are as strong as previously injured tissues T/F
FALSE
47
what is the vant hoff law?
increased tissue temperature causes an increase in metabolic rate
48
what is the cosine law
radiant energy (radiation) is best absorbed if perpendicular to the exposed surface
49
heat applied to a congested tissue would cause what?
increased edema
50
primary mechanism by which ultrasound causes heat is...
conversion
51
what mechanism of heat produced vascular changes is *not* initiated by neurologic heat temperature sensors in the skin?
hypothalamic response
52
what are contradictions to superficial heat
patient w/ pulmonary embolism under current anticoagulant treatment
53
a substance with high heat capacity will
heat up quickly but cool down slowly
54
what substances has a high heat capacity as discussed in physical therapy class?
water
55
mineral oil is added to the paraffin bath because..
it allows easy removal of the wax
56
the pathologic consequences of erytherma Ab IGne include
none of the above
57
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated in regions where there is more than one inch thickness of subcutaneous fat?
shortwave diathermy
58
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated when treating patients with pacemaker implants?
shortwave diathermy
59
what physical therapy modalities is/are contraindicated when treating in an area where metal surgical screws are present?
shortwave diathermy
60
what is the most penetrating of the deep heaters
ultrasound
61
the pathologic consequence of periosteal reaction is..
none of the above
62
what type of shortwave diathermy uses 2 parallel electrodes with the patients body part placed in the middle?
condensur
63
what therapy has been shown in animal studies to significantly increase the rate of healing of soft tissue injuries?
pulsed ultrasound
64
patient has poison oak on skin where you want to treat, what is not contraindicated?
cryotherapy
65
FDA regulations following ultrasound parameters is deepest penetrating..
1 MHz, 10 square cm effective radiating area
66
the application of cryotherapy causes a prolonged vasoconstriction of both arteries and arterioles. this vasoconstriction produces what result?
increased arterial pressure
67
ultrasound treatment time is 5-15 min, less than most heat therapies because of an increased risk of
thrombosis
68
treatment distance for the typical, 750 watt radiant infared heater is
14-18 inches
69
ultrasound therapy over the CNS has been reported to cause
arythmias
70
erythema Ab Igne is typically caused to be repeated, long term exposure of
infared
71
the pathologic consequence of erythema Ab is..
none of the above
72
what therapy modality heat by conversion
ultrasound
73
underwater application of continuous ultrasound has been shown in scientific studies to be an appropriate method of ultrasound application
FALSE
74
what are considered to be deeply penetrating therapies?
ultrasound
75
stable cavitation is a theory that explains the possible mechanisms of the effects of..
pulsed ultrasound
76
(may have more than one answer)
syphilis
77
excessive heating to the eyes may cause..
catarrats

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