PT NBCE review Flashcards
NBCE boards (157 cards)
1
Q
What is the distance requirement for microwave diathermy?
A
1 - 5 inches
no towels
2
Q
Ankle sprain brace
A
Louisana Figure 8
3
Q
Can ultrasound be used for prostatitis?
A
Yes, with orifice
4
Q
What are the superficial modalities that only penetrate 1-2 mm?
A
IR
UV
5
Q
Which type of bath uses no liquids?
A
Fluidotherapy
6
Q
What are the intensity and duration max using Faradic wave form?
A
Intensity = patient tolerance
Max time = 20 minutes
7
Q
Exercise that shortens the muscle very quickly
A
Ballistic
8
Q
A Kromayer-Water cooled device is associated with which modality?
A
Hot Quartz UV
9
Q
Which modality is Russian Stim?
A
Interferential
10
Q
Which type of bath is used to treat chronic RA?
A
Paraffin bath
11
Q
Transverse friction massage is contraindicated for what 2 conditions?
A
Ca Tendonitis
Bursitis
12
Q
What is the duration requirement for short wave diathermy?
A
20 - 30 minutes
13
Q
What are Bobath exercises indicated for?
A
Cerebal Palsy (or UMNL diseases)
14
Q
What is the duration time for Galvanic modalities?
A
5 - 20 minutes per day
15
Q
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue in order to vasodilate?
A
Pos = hardens
Neg = softens & softens dilates
16
Q
The effect of a contrast bath is what?
A
vascular pumping
17
Q
What is the distance requirement for short wave diathermy?
A
1 towel directly on skin
18
Q
Acids are (pos/neg/neutral)?
A
Electronegative and attracted to the positive pole (anode)
Anode attracts anions, which are neg ions
19
Q
Heat produced is directly proportional to the square of the current strength is called what?
A
Joule’s law
20
Q
deepest heating modality
A
Ultrasound
21
Q
Would you treat a patient with hypertension using traction?
A
No - HTN is contra indicated
22
Q
The brain, heart, eyes, carotid sinuses, pacemakers, low back or abdomen during pregnancy, open wounds are all contraindications for which modalities?
A
Any Electrical modality
23
Q
During joint inflammation, what type of exercise is administered? (passive/active)
A
Passive
24
Q
Chilblain is a contraindication to which modality?
A
cryotherapy
25
How long should one be in a whirlpool bath?
20 - 30 min at twice daily
26
What tool would you use to determine the extent of neuromuscular damage using an electrical device as the stimulus while a graph records the response?
EMG
27
Muscle contraction with length shortening is called what?
Concentric contraction
28
Best modality to increase circulation
IR
29
Which type of muscle contraction changes length while constantly changing pressure or resistance is offered to the muscle at a constant speed?
Isokinetic
30
What are the lumbar spine traction guidelines?
Patient supine with knees flexed
25% of body weight
increase 5 lbs
Max = patient tolerance or 150 lbs, whichever is less
31
Example of closed chain exercise
Squats
32
What is the intensity requirement for short wave diathermy?
patient tolerance
33
Which type of bath would be used to treat prostatitis?
Sitz bath
34
Crawling exercises to mobilize the spine
Clayton
35
The most indicated modality for fracture?
Micro current
36
Which modality is based on Gate Theory and Opiate Theory?
TENS
37
The type of heat transfer used in a hot tub
convection
38
Late state diabetes mellitus, active TB, encapsulated swellings, decreased thermal sensations, and abdomen/low back during pregnancy are all contraindications for which modalities?
Any heating modality
39
Which modality is used for treatment of Herpes Zoster?
UV
40
The intensity of radiation from any light source varies inverseley with the square of the distance from the source. This is called what?
The Inverse Square Law
41
What is the size and function of A-delta fibers
Small, Slow
Pain, Temp, Touch
42
True / False
Raynaud's is contra-indicated for IR
False
Raynaud's is Indicated for IR
43
Which type of muscle contraction has no change in muscle length and no joint movement?
Isometric
44
What are the traction recommendations for the C-spine
28 deg of flexion
5% of body weight
2 lbs increment increases
max weight = 40 lbs or patient tolerance, which ever is less.
45
To reduce pain and stimulate nerves, which mode setting is used with HVG?
Continuous mode
46
Which modality has the effect of increased histamine release?
UV
47
Petrissage massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
Kneading
| (baking your pet)
48
ACL/PCL knee brace
Lennox-Hill
49
The type of heat transfer used with a hydrocollator pack?
conduction
50
What response would you expect for a Total (Full) Reaction of Degeneration if Galvanic Wave Form was used?
Athetoid (slow & withering)
Vermicular (slow like a worm)
51
Cathode attracts which type of ions?
Cathodes are neg and attract pos ions
52
What is the only type of Reaction of Degeneration in which a nerve will respond to a FARADIC wave?
Partial ROD
All other RODs, there is no response to Faradic
53
Degree of erythema showing no reaction?
0 degree Erythema
| (or suberythmal dose)
54
Example of open-chain exercise
Knee Extension
55
Severe laxity of the Cervical spine would require what type of support?
Philadelphia collar
56
What is the temp requirement of a paraffin bath?
125 - 130 deg F
57
Is diathermy deep or superficial penetration?
Deep, 2 inches
58
To Re-Educate and Strengthen muscles, what mode is chosen using HVG?
Interrupted mode
59
True/False
Raynaud's is contra indicated for all forms of Cryotherapy
True
60
What recovery time prognosis can be given for an Absolute Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
No recovery
61
Degree of erythema which is similar to common sun burn?
2nd degree Erythema
| (or 1st degree burn)
62
Degree of erythema showing considerable reddening with itching, burning, and marked desquamation (peeling), blistering
(3rd degree erythema or 2nd degree burn)
63
Which modality has the highest intra-articular penetration?
Interferential
64
Exercise to develop coordination
Frenkel
| (wooble board)
65
Exercises where the hand or foot are fixed in space are called what?
Closed kinetic chain exercises
66
Which type of muscle contraction is changing length and joint movement is against a constant weight?
Isotonic
67
What are the time requirements for ultra sound?
Chronic Injuries = 10 minutes
Acute injuries = 4 minutes
68
Low back or abdomen during pregnancy is a contraindication for which modalities?
Any heating or any electrical modality
69
Interruption of George's Line would require what type of support
Firm Cervical Collar
70
Galvanic
ABBSSS (A B-square S-cube)
"Bases"
Adhesions
Bursitis
Bruises
Scars
Sprain
Strains
All uses bases, are pos, and attracted to neg pole
Bases are used to treat the above.
71
What is the size and function of A-beta fibers
Large size
Fast proprioception
72
Degree of erythema shows reddening without desquamation
Minimal (deg = 1)
73
What are the intensity requirements for ultrasound?
Acute = Pulsed = 0.5 - 1.5 W/cm2
Chronic = Continuous = 1.0 - 2.0 W/cm2
Under water = add 0.5 W/cm2 to each
74
What is the intensity requirement of long wave IR?
170 deg F
75
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue in order to vasoconstrict?
Pos = hardens
Neg = softens
Hardens = constricts = Positive
76
Vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation is called the ____ Reaction
Hunting Lewis
77
Exercises for peripheral vascular diseases
Buerger-Allen
78
Anode attracts which type of ions?
Anode is positive and attracts neg ions
79
Scoliosis brace worn 23 hrs per day
Milwaukee brace
80
Which modality has the effect of increased Vit D?
UV
81
What is the max time requirement for UV lamp?
Start at mild erythema
Increase time by 15 sec
Max time = 3 minutes
82
Would you treat hyperlordosis with traction?
Yes
83
Exercises for the shoulder girdle
Codman
84
A brace indicated for SI hypermobility is called what?
SI girdle (Trochanteric belt)
85
Bases are (pos/neg/neutral)?
Electro-positive
Cathode attracts cations (+ ions) and therefore bases are attracted to the cathode. The Cathode is a neg electrode.
86
Modality used to treat superficial infections
UV
87
What is the cosine law say about UV treatments?
Optimum when UV source is at right angle to the area treated
88
MC used UV source
Cold UV (Hg & Ne)
89
What does modulation do in IFC?
Prevents muscle accomodation by changing frequency
90
What is the distance requirement for Ultra Sound?
Coupled to the skin
91
Which Waveform uses alternating current?
faradic
92
What is the intensity requirement for microwave diathermy?
varies by power used
between 1 inch at low power
to 5 inches at high power
93
Exercises for low back pain involving flexion
Williams
94
Vapocoolant spray is an example of which modality?
cryotherapy
95
For every 10 deg C of temp increase there is a 2.5X increase in oxidation rate is the definition of which law of physics?
Van Hopf's
96
2 types of IR
short wave
long wave
97
What is the Cobb Angle required for a scoliosis patient to be considered for bracing?
20 - 40 deg
98
What is eliminated with pulsed ultrasound over continuous ultrasound?
heat
99
What are the wavelengths of UV?
Short = 180 - 270 nm
Long = 270 - 390 nm
100
What is the duration requirement for microwave diathermy?
10 - 20 minutes
101
Distance between an IR lamp and patient is:
14 - 18 inches
102
Exercise for incontinence
Kegal
103
Severe laxity of the Cervical spine would require what type of support?
Philadelphia collar
104
3 best treatments for pain are
interferrential (IFC)
TENS
High Volt
105
The type of heat transfer used with all forms of diathermy
conversion
106
What are the physiologic effects of Interferential?
Decrease Edema
Muscle Contraction
Decrease Pain
107
What are the actions of the Rotator Cuff muscles
Supraspinatus = ABduction
Infraspinatus = External Rot
Teres Minor = External Rot
Subscapularis = Internal Rot
108
What is the diapulse device used for in diathermy?
Tx of adrenals or immuno system
109
The type of heat transfer used with an IR lamp
radiation
110
Neuralgia or radiculitis is an indication for which modality?
Diathermy
111
Which modality has an indicator of chronic ulcers?
UV
112
What reovery time prognosis can be given for a Partial Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
Up to 2 weeks
113
Which modality used piezoelectric crystals?
Ultra sound
114
What is the effect of fluidotherapy?
vasodilate
115
Temp range of a cold bath should be:
55 - 65 deg F
116
What is the intensity requirement of short wave IR?
150 - 1500 W
117
What is the time dosage of Interferential?
20 - 30 minutes
118
What are the contra indications of TENS?
H I M
Hemorrhage
Infections
Malignancy
119
What is the size and function of C-fibers?
Smallest
pain
120
What is a Hubbert Tank used for?
Burn patients
121
Beurger's Disease is a contra indication for which modality?
Cryotherapy
Massage
122
Named exercise to increase muscle strength by increasing resistance
DeLorme
123
Pulsed Ultrasound is used for which type of injuries?
Acute
124
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of acute pain?
Positive
125
Which modality has minor burns as an indicator?
UV
126
To prevent muscle accomodation with HVG, how must the machine settings be changed?
Use of Switch Rate mode
127
Contra indicated for all baths are what conditions?
Vascular disorders
Temp sensation loss
128
Type of heat transmission used with water bottles
Conduction
IR
129
Exercises for low back pain involving extension
McKenzie
130
Exercise with biofeedback to aid in relaxation
Jacobson
131
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue hardness to soften it?
Neg polarity softens tissue
132
Best modality for an acute injury is what?
Pulsed Ultrasound
133
Kayoki exercises are used for which muscle group?
Hip
134
Exercises where the hand or foot are free to move are called what?
Open kinetic chain exercises
135
Hemorrhage, Infection with suppuration, and malignancy are all contraindications for which modalities?
All modalities
136
Temp range of a hot bath should be:
98 - 105 deg F
137
Muscle contraction with elongation is called what?
Eccentric contraction
138
What is the butterfly electrode used for?
Tx of sinusitis with short wave diathermy
139
Which galvanic polarity would you place over an area of chronic pain?
Neg
140
A UV light filtered thru a Nickel-oxide glass is associated with which modality?
Woods Lamp UV
141
What is the distance requirement for a UV lamp?
Start at 30-36 inches, which ever produces a mild erythema
Decr distance by 2 inches
Minimum distance = 18 inches
142
Tapotement massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
percussion
143
What safety apparatus is used for micro wave diathermy?
Goggles - avoid cataracts
144
A hydrocollator pack is what type of modality?
Long wave IR
145
Cervical brace for severe injury
Philadelphia collar
146
Which electrical pad is larger when using a wave form for treatment?
Active pad is small and placed on Tx site
Dispersal pad is large and placed on a proximal limb far away from Tx site
147
Cervical brace for mild injury
Firm Cervical collar
148
What recovery time prognosis can be given for a FULL Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
Recover time up to 1 year.
149
Which modality has an indicator of rickets and osteomalacia?
UV
150
Which wave form works better for a Partial Reaction of Degeneration?
There are 2 wave forms,
Faradic & Galvanic
Galvanic works better for all RODs except for absolute ROD when there is no response to either treatment
151
Carpal Tunnel Brace
Cock-up splint
152
What are the physiological effects of faradic?
Fibrous tissue stretching
Muscle contraction
Hyperemia
Increase Lymph flow
153
If no cervial laxity is found, what type of cervical support is used?
Soft foam collar
154
What is the Sleeve Test?
Used to test patient tolerance to UV
155
Effeurage massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
Long
156
Time requirement for orificial UV to treat sore throat?
10 - 15 sec
157
What is the sensory reaction to cryotherapy following the sensation of coldness?
Burning
CBAIN
Cold
Burning
Aching
Itch
Numbness (anesthesia)
