PT NBCE review Flashcards

NBCE boards (157 cards)

1
Q

What is the distance requirement for microwave diathermy?

A

1 - 5 inches

no towels

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2
Q

Ankle sprain brace

A

Louisana Figure 8

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3
Q

Can ultrasound be used for prostatitis?

A

Yes, with orifice

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4
Q

What are the superficial modalities that only penetrate 1-2 mm?

A

IR

UV

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5
Q

Which type of bath uses no liquids?

A

Fluidotherapy

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6
Q

What are the intensity and duration max using Faradic wave form?

A

Intensity = patient tolerance

Max time = 20 minutes

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7
Q

Exercise that shortens the muscle very quickly

A

Ballistic

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8
Q

A Kromayer-Water cooled device is associated with which modality?

A

Hot Quartz UV

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9
Q

Which modality is Russian Stim?

A

Interferential

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10
Q

Which type of bath is used to treat chronic RA?

A

Paraffin bath

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11
Q

Transverse friction massage is contraindicated for what 2 conditions?

A

Ca Tendonitis

Bursitis

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12
Q

What is the duration requirement for short wave diathermy?

A

20 - 30 minutes

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13
Q

What are Bobath exercises indicated for?

A

Cerebal Palsy (or UMNL diseases)

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14
Q

What is the duration time for Galvanic modalities?

A

5 - 20 minutes per day

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15
Q

Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue in order to vasodilate?

A

Pos = hardens

Neg = softens & softens dilates

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16
Q

The effect of a contrast bath is what?

A

vascular pumping

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17
Q

What is the distance requirement for short wave diathermy?

A

1 towel directly on skin

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18
Q

Acids are (pos/neg/neutral)?

A

Electronegative and attracted to the positive pole (anode)

Anode attracts anions, which are neg ions

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19
Q

Heat produced is directly proportional to the square of the current strength is called what?

A

Joule’s law

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20
Q

deepest heating modality

A

Ultrasound

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21
Q

Would you treat a patient with hypertension using traction?

A

No - HTN is contra indicated

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22
Q

The brain, heart, eyes, carotid sinuses, pacemakers, low back or abdomen during pregnancy, open wounds are all contraindications for which modalities?

A

Any Electrical modality

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23
Q

During joint inflammation, what type of exercise is administered? (passive/active)

A

Passive

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24
Q

Chilblain is a contraindication to which modality?

A

cryotherapy

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25
How long should one be in a whirlpool bath?
20 - 30 min at twice daily
26
What tool would you use to determine the extent of neuromuscular damage using an electrical device as the stimulus while a graph records the response?
EMG
27
Muscle contraction with length shortening is called what?
Concentric contraction
28
Best modality to increase circulation
IR
29
Which type of muscle contraction changes length while constantly changing pressure or resistance is offered to the muscle at a constant speed?
Isokinetic
30
What are the lumbar spine traction guidelines?
Patient supine with knees flexed 25% of body weight increase 5 lbs Max = patient tolerance or 150 lbs, whichever is less
31
Example of closed chain exercise
Squats
32
What is the intensity requirement for short wave diathermy?
patient tolerance
33
Which type of bath would be used to treat prostatitis?
Sitz bath
34
Crawling exercises to mobilize the spine
Clayton
35
The most indicated modality for fracture?
Micro current
36
Which modality is based on Gate Theory and Opiate Theory?
TENS
37
The type of heat transfer used in a hot tub
convection
38
Late state diabetes mellitus, active TB, encapsulated swellings, decreased thermal sensations, and abdomen/low back during pregnancy are all contraindications for which modalities?
Any heating modality
39
Which modality is used for treatment of Herpes Zoster?
UV
40
The intensity of radiation from any light source varies inverseley with the square of the distance from the source. This is called what?
The Inverse Square Law
41
What is the size and function of A-delta fibers
Small, Slow Pain, Temp, Touch
42
True / False Raynaud's is contra-indicated for IR
False Raynaud's is Indicated for IR
43
Which type of muscle contraction has no change in muscle length and no joint movement?
Isometric
44
What are the traction recommendations for the C-spine
28 deg of flexion 5% of body weight 2 lbs increment increases max weight = 40 lbs or patient tolerance, which ever is less.
45
To reduce pain and stimulate nerves, which mode setting is used with HVG?
Continuous mode
46
Which modality has the effect of increased histamine release?
UV
47
Petrissage massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
Kneading | (baking your pet)
48
ACL/PCL knee brace
Lennox-Hill
49
The type of heat transfer used with a hydrocollator pack?
conduction
50
What response would you expect for a Total (Full) Reaction of Degeneration if Galvanic Wave Form was used?
Athetoid (slow & withering) Vermicular (slow like a worm)
51
Cathode attracts which type of ions?
Cathodes are neg and attract pos ions
52
What is the only type of Reaction of Degeneration in which a nerve will respond to a FARADIC wave?
Partial ROD All other RODs, there is no response to Faradic
53
Degree of erythema showing no reaction?
0 degree Erythema | (or suberythmal dose)
54
Example of open-chain exercise
Knee Extension
55
Severe laxity of the Cervical spine would require what type of support?
Philadelphia collar
56
What is the temp requirement of a paraffin bath?
125 - 130 deg F
57
Is diathermy deep or superficial penetration?
Deep, 2 inches
58
To Re-Educate and Strengthen muscles, what mode is chosen using HVG?
Interrupted mode
59
True/False Raynaud's is contra indicated for all forms of Cryotherapy
True
60
What recovery time prognosis can be given for an Absolute Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
No recovery
61
Degree of erythema which is similar to common sun burn?
2nd degree Erythema | (or 1st degree burn)
62
Degree of erythema showing considerable reddening with itching, burning, and marked desquamation (peeling), blistering
(3rd degree erythema or 2nd degree burn)
63
Which modality has the highest intra-articular penetration?
Interferential
64
Exercise to develop coordination
Frenkel | (wooble board)
65
Exercises where the hand or foot are fixed in space are called what?
Closed kinetic chain exercises
66
Which type of muscle contraction is changing length and joint movement is against a constant weight?
Isotonic
67
What are the time requirements for ultra sound?
Chronic Injuries = 10 minutes Acute injuries = 4 minutes
68
Low back or abdomen during pregnancy is a contraindication for which modalities?
Any heating or any electrical modality
69
Interruption of George's Line would require what type of support
Firm Cervical Collar
70
Galvanic ABBSSS (A B-square S-cube) "Bases"
Adhesions Bursitis Bruises Scars Sprain Strains All uses bases, are pos, and attracted to neg pole Bases are used to treat the above.
71
What is the size and function of A-beta fibers
Large size Fast proprioception
72
Degree of erythema shows reddening without desquamation
Minimal (deg = 1)
73
What are the intensity requirements for ultrasound?
Acute = Pulsed = 0.5 - 1.5 W/cm2 Chronic = Continuous = 1.0 - 2.0 W/cm2 Under water = add 0.5 W/cm2 to each
74
What is the intensity requirement of long wave IR?
170 deg F
75
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue in order to vasoconstrict?
Pos = hardens Neg = softens Hardens = constricts = Positive
76
Vasoconstriction followed by vasodilation is called the ____ Reaction
Hunting Lewis
77
Exercises for peripheral vascular diseases
Buerger-Allen
78
Anode attracts which type of ions?
Anode is positive and attracts neg ions
79
Scoliosis brace worn 23 hrs per day
Milwaukee brace
80
Which modality has the effect of increased Vit D?
UV
81
What is the max time requirement for UV lamp?
Start at mild erythema Increase time by 15 sec Max time = 3 minutes
82
Would you treat hyperlordosis with traction?
Yes
83
Exercises for the shoulder girdle
Codman
84
A brace indicated for SI hypermobility is called what?
SI girdle (Trochanteric belt)
85
Bases are (pos/neg/neutral)?
Electro-positive Cathode attracts cations (+ ions) and therefore bases are attracted to the cathode. The Cathode is a neg electrode.
86
Modality used to treat superficial infections
UV
87
What is the cosine law say about UV treatments?
Optimum when UV source is at right angle to the area treated
88
MC used UV source
Cold UV (Hg & Ne)
89
What does modulation do in IFC?
Prevents muscle accomodation by changing frequency
90
What is the distance requirement for Ultra Sound?
Coupled to the skin
91
Which Waveform uses alternating current?
faradic
92
What is the intensity requirement for microwave diathermy?
varies by power used between 1 inch at low power to 5 inches at high power
93
Exercises for low back pain involving flexion
Williams
94
Vapocoolant spray is an example of which modality?
cryotherapy
95
For every 10 deg C of temp increase there is a 2.5X increase in oxidation rate is the definition of which law of physics?
Van Hopf's
96
2 types of IR
short wave long wave
97
What is the Cobb Angle required for a scoliosis patient to be considered for bracing?
20 - 40 deg
98
What is eliminated with pulsed ultrasound over continuous ultrasound?
heat
99
What are the wavelengths of UV?
Short = 180 - 270 nm Long = 270 - 390 nm
100
What is the duration requirement for microwave diathermy?
10 - 20 minutes
101
Distance between an IR lamp and patient is:
14 - 18 inches
102
Exercise for incontinence
Kegal
103
Severe laxity of the Cervical spine would require what type of support?
Philadelphia collar
104
3 best treatments for pain are
interferrential (IFC) TENS High Volt
105
The type of heat transfer used with all forms of diathermy
conversion
106
What are the physiologic effects of Interferential?
Decrease Edema Muscle Contraction Decrease Pain
107
What are the actions of the Rotator Cuff muscles
Supraspinatus = ABduction Infraspinatus = External Rot Teres Minor = External Rot Subscapularis = Internal Rot
108
What is the diapulse device used for in diathermy?
Tx of adrenals or immuno system
109
The type of heat transfer used with an IR lamp
radiation
110
Neuralgia or radiculitis is an indication for which modality?
Diathermy
111
Which modality has an indicator of chronic ulcers?
UV
112
What reovery time prognosis can be given for a Partial Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
Up to 2 weeks
113
Which modality used piezoelectric crystals?
Ultra sound
114
What is the effect of fluidotherapy?
vasodilate
115
Temp range of a cold bath should be:
55 - 65 deg F
116
What is the intensity requirement of short wave IR?
150 - 1500 W
117
What is the time dosage of Interferential?
20 - 30 minutes
118
What are the contra indications of TENS?
H I M Hemorrhage Infections Malignancy
119
What is the size and function of C-fibers?
Smallest pain
120
What is a Hubbert Tank used for?
Burn patients
121
Beurger's Disease is a contra indication for which modality?
Cryotherapy Massage
122
Named exercise to increase muscle strength by increasing resistance
DeLorme
123
Pulsed Ultrasound is used for which type of injuries?
Acute
124
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of acute pain?
Positive
125
Which modality has minor burns as an indicator?
UV
126
To prevent muscle accomodation with HVG, how must the machine settings be changed?
Use of Switch Rate mode
127
Contra indicated for all baths are what conditions?
Vascular disorders Temp sensation loss
128
Type of heat transmission used with water bottles
Conduction IR
129
Exercises for low back pain involving extension
McKenzie
130
Exercise with biofeedback to aid in relaxation
Jacobson
131
Which galvanic polarity pad would you place over an area of tissue hardness to soften it?
Neg polarity softens tissue
132
Best modality for an acute injury is what?
Pulsed Ultrasound
133
Kayoki exercises are used for which muscle group?
Hip
134
Exercises where the hand or foot are free to move are called what?
Open kinetic chain exercises
135
Hemorrhage, Infection with suppuration, and malignancy are all contraindications for which modalities?
All modalities
136
Temp range of a hot bath should be:
98 - 105 deg F
137
Muscle contraction with elongation is called what?
Eccentric contraction
138
What is the butterfly electrode used for?
Tx of sinusitis with short wave diathermy
139
Which galvanic polarity would you place over an area of chronic pain?
Neg
140
A UV light filtered thru a Nickel-oxide glass is associated with which modality?
Woods Lamp UV
141
What is the distance requirement for a UV lamp?
Start at 30-36 inches, which ever produces a mild erythema Decr distance by 2 inches Minimum distance = 18 inches
142
Tapotement massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
percussion
143
What safety apparatus is used for micro wave diathermy?
Goggles - avoid cataracts
144
A hydrocollator pack is what type of modality?
Long wave IR
145
Cervical brace for severe injury
Philadelphia collar
146
Which electrical pad is larger when using a wave form for treatment?
Active pad is small and placed on Tx site Dispersal pad is large and placed on a proximal limb far away from Tx site
147
Cervical brace for mild injury
Firm Cervical collar
148
What recovery time prognosis can be given for a FULL Reaction of Degeneration diagnosis?
Recover time up to 1 year.
149
Which modality has an indicator of rickets and osteomalacia?
UV
150
Which wave form works better for a Partial Reaction of Degeneration?
There are 2 wave forms, Faradic & Galvanic Galvanic works better for all RODs except for absolute ROD when there is no response to either treatment
151
Carpal Tunnel Brace
Cock-up splint
152
What are the physiological effects of faradic?
Fibrous tissue stretching Muscle contraction Hyperemia Increase Lymph flow
153
If no cervial laxity is found, what type of cervical support is used?
Soft foam collar
154
What is the Sleeve Test?
Used to test patient tolerance to UV
155
Effeurage massage consists of what type of hand strokes?
Long
156
Time requirement for orificial UV to treat sore throat?
10 - 15 sec
157
What is the sensory reaction to cryotherapy following the sensation of coldness?
Burning CBAIN Cold Burning Aching Itch Numbness (anesthesia)