pt8 Flashcards
(19 cards)
How did the policy shift occur after 1947? |
By emphasizing economic reconstruction suppressing leftist unions
What effects did the policy shift have on Japan? |
Economic recoverypolitical conservatism
How did the shift affect the Japanese Left? |
Loss of U.S. support electoral setbacks
Who drafted the 1947 Japanese Constitution? |
American Occupation officials under General Douglas MacArthur.
How did the 1947 Constitution differ from the Meiji Constitution? |
Sovereignty shifted to the people emperor became symbolic
How did Japanese elites react to the new constitution? |
The Japanese government was eager to adopt it to distance from wartime failure.
Why was the public response to the 1947 Constitution positive? |
People were disillusioned with the war and supported peaceful rebuilding.
What political change marked the end of the Occupation in 1952? |
A stabledemocratic government under the 1947 Constitution.
What were the key economic reforms during the Occupation? |
Land reform partial Zaibatsu dissolution
What social changes occurred during the Occupation? |
Education reform and early support for labor rights and unionization.
Which constituencies supported the LDP after 1955? |
Rural voters business elites
How did the LDP maintain support from these constituencies? |
Through economic programs political stability
What factors weakened the LDP in the 1970s and 1980s? |
Falling vote totals and erosion of its hegemony despite Diet majority retention.
What were the “Nixon Shocks” of 1971? |
President Nixon’s surprise visit to China and the U.S. going off the gold standard.
Why did Nixon’s visit to China in 1971 shock Japan? |
It was done without consulting Japan revealing Japan’s secondary role in U.S. foreign policy.
How did the end of the gold standard affect Japan? |
The dollar devaluation made Japanese exports more expensive abroad.
What did the Nixon Shocks reveal about Japan’s global position? |
Japan was economically powerful but vulnerable to U.S. decisions.
How did Japan respond to the Nixon Shocks? |
By pursuing more independent foreign and economic policies and diversifying trade partners.
How did the U.S. respond to the trade imbalance with Japan in the 1970s–1980s? |
With pressure for yen appreciation trade liberalization
