PTB

Question 1

Highly infectious chronic dse. Caused by tubercle bacilli

Answer 1

Pulmonary TB

Question 2

CAUSATIVE AGENTS

Answer 2

1. Mycobacterium tuberculae
2. M. Africanum
3. M. Bovis

Question 3

Classification

Answer 3

Bacterial

Question 4

TB among children

Answer 4

Primary complex (not contagious)

Question 5

2 types of TB

Answer 5

1. Pulmonary TB- micro-bacterium within lungs
2. Extrapulmonary TB- adjacent organs

Question 6

Mode of transmission
D, A, D, I

Answer 6

DROPLET
AIRBORNE
DIRECT INVASION (rare)
INGESTION OF UNPASTEURIZED MILK OR DAIRY PRODUCTS

Question 7

Extreme temp to destroy microorganisms in unpasteurized milk

Answer 7

63 deg celsius (30mins)/71.6-71.7 deg F (5-15secs)

Question 8

Incubation period

Answer 8

2-8 wks (12 wks max)

Question 9

Period of communicability

Answer 9

• while bacillus is in the sputum
• good compliance to regimen (not contagious 2-4 wks. After)

Question 10

Terminologies
C, H, H

Answer 10

1. Close contact
2. High risk group
3. High risk clinical group

Question 11

Close contact

Answer 11

Enclosed space for 3 mos.

Question 12

High risk group

Answer 12

Closed environment (prison cell, skin-to-skin contact)

Question 13

High risk clinical group

Answer 13

AIDS/HIV/DM/RF (immunocompromised pt.)

Question 14

6 Cardinal sign of PTB
C, NS, WL, A, H, LGF (CNS, WLAH, LGF)

Answer 14

Cough productive
Night sweats
Weight loss
Anorexia
Hemoptysis
Low grade fever in the afternoon

Question 15

Dx test

Answer 15

1. DSSM (Direct sputum smear microscopy)
2. X-rays
3. TST (Tuberculin Skin Test- primary complex)

Question 16

DSSM
Conventional strategy (SPOT)

Answer 16

Instruct the patient to return the next day, early in the morning

Question 17

DSSM
SPOT-SPOT

Answer 17

3 SPECIMENS
1st- right away/after chief complaint
2nd- after 1 hr
3rd- the next day, early in the morning

Question 18

Sputum analysis

Answer 18

If 2 sputum are (+) = PTB
If 1 (-) and 1 (+) = Chest x-ray

Question 19

Classification based on history of previously TB treatment
N, R, T, T, O, P (Nursing Reaching To TOP)

Answer 19

New pt.
Relapse pt.
Treatment after failure
Treatment after loss to follow up pt.
Other previously treated pt.
Pt. With unknown previous TB treatment history

Question 20

New pt

Answer 20

Not yet diagnosed/ with TB before and taking anti-tubercular drug for 2 mos.

Question 21

Relapse pt.

Answer 21

After receiving treatment for her TB, pt. Was diagnosed again with the illness

Question 22

Treatment after failure pt.

Answer 22

The TB treatment was unsuccessful

Question 23

Treatment after loss to follow-up pt.

Answer 23

Return after default/loss of contract or follow up for 2 mos.

Question 24

Other previously treated pt.

Answer 24

No known treatment/undocumented TB treatment

Question 25

Pt. With unknown previous TB treatment history

Answer 25

Does not fit in any category under classification of previous TB treatment

Question 26

DOTS

Answer 26

Directly Observed Treatment Short Course - appointed person to monitor the daily intake (assigned health worker)

Question 27

Intensive phase

Answer 27

2 mons.

Question 28

Maintenance phase

Answer 28

4 mos.

Question 29

Recommended category of treatment regimen 4C’s?

Answer 29

C1, 2, 3, 4

Question 30

C1

Answer 30

- new PTB, (+) smear, extensive parenchymal lesions (lungs), seriously ill, x-ray IP: 2 mos. HRZE (RIPE) MP: 4 mos. HR (RI)

Question 31

C2

Answer 31

Relapse, tx failure, return after default, and others IP: 2 mos. HRZES (RIPES) MP: 5 mos. HRE (RIE)

Question 32

C3

Answer 32

New PTB, with minimal lesions, not seriously ill IP: 2 mos. HRZ (RIP) MP: 4 mos. HR (RI)

Question 33

C4

Answer 33

Chronic PTB, (+) TB, (+) SPUTUM SMEAR AFTER SUPERVISED TX. No meds

Question 34

Scone line drugs: Injectables Aminoglycosides

Answer 34

Kanamycin Amikacin Capreomycin

Question 35

Second line drugs: Oral Fluoroquinolone

Answer 35

Levofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Moxifloxacin

Question 36

JAUNDICE

Answer 36

RIPE

Question 37

Visual impairment

Answer 37

Ethambutol

Question 38

Tinnitus and hearing impairment

Answer 38

Streptomycin

Question 39

Oliguria and albuminiria

Answer 39

Strep and rifampicin

Question 40

Psychosis and convulsion

Answer 40

Isoniazid

Question 41

thrombocytopenia & anemia

Answer 41

Rifampicin

Question 42

DR- TB

Answer 42

DRUG RESISTANCE- ISONIAZID

Question 43

MDR- TB

Answer 43

MULTIPLE DRUG RESISTANCE- ISO & RIFAM

Question 44

XDR-TB

Answer 44

EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANCE- ISO, RIFAM, FLUORO

Question 45

XXDR-TB

Answer 45

EXTREMELY DRUG RESISTACE- ISO, RIFAM, & FLUORO

Question 46

TDR- TB

Answer 46

TOTAL DRUG RESISTANCE- ISO, RIFAM, FLUORO

Question 47

RIFAM (SE)

Answer 47

RED ORAGE URINE, SWEAT, TEARS, SEMEN

Question 48

ISO (SE)

Answer 48

PERIPHERAL NEURITIS (PRICKILING OR TINGLING SENSATION) VIT B6 FOR SE

Question 49

PYRAZINAMIDE (SE)

Answer 49

HYPERURICEMIA (INCREASED URIC ACID OR GOUT) NEPHROTOXICITY/HEPATOTOXICITY (ALT & AST)

Question 50

ETHAMBUTOL (SE)

Answer 50

OPTIC NEURITIS/ BLURRING OF VISION

Question 51

STREP (SE)

Answer 51

8TH CRANIAL NERVE VERTIGO & TINNITUS

Question 52

MANTOUX TEST (PURIFIED PROTEIN DERIVATIVE)

Answer 52

ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION: ID WHEAL FORMATION (+) 10mm - exposure to normal people (+) 5mm- exposure to immunocompromised people (HIV/AIDS)