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neuro exam 2 > pterygopalatine fossa and palate > Flashcards

pterygopalatine fossa and palate Flashcards

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1
Q

transantral acess to PPF

A

via maxillary sinus
upper lip elevated and maxillary sinus entered ant
can remove tumors from PPF or ligate a sphenopalatine aa for chornic epistaxis

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2
Q

general contents of PPF

A

maxillary a- 3rd portion
maxillary br of V2
pterygopalatine ganglion

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3
Q

boundaries of PPF

A 
lat- pterygomaxillary fissure
sup- greater wing of sphenoid 
ant- maxilla
med- palatine bone
inf- open via pterygopalatine canal
pot- pterygoid process sphenoid
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4
Q

openings of PPF

A 
pterygomaxillary fissure
inf orbital fissure
sphenopalatine foramen
pterygopalatine canal
foramen rotundum
pterygoid canal
pharyngeal canal
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5
Q

pterygomaxillary fissure

A

lateral
communicates w/infratemporal fossa
transmits maxillary a, post superior alveolar a,v,n

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6
Q

inf orbital fissure

A

ant
communicates w/orbit
transmits infraorbital a,v,n zygomatic a,v,n and inferior ophthalmic v

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7
Q

sphenopalatine foramen

A

medial
communicates w/nasal cavity
transmits sphenopalatine a, nasopalatine n, post sup lat nsal n

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8
Q

pterygopalatine canal

A

inf
communicates w/palate and oral cavity
transmits descending palatine a, greater and lesser palatine nn

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9
Q

foramen rotundum

A

post
lat- most of the 3 post openings
communicates w/middle cranial fossa
transmits V2

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10
Q

pterygoid canal

A

post
middle of 3 post openings
communicates w/middle cranial fossa near foramen lacerum
transmits n and a of pterygoid canal

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11
Q

pharyngeal canal

A

post
medial- most of the 3 post openings
communicates w/nasopharynx
transmits pharyngeal a,v,n

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12
Q

brr of pterygopalatine portion of maxillary a

A 
post sup alveolar a
infraorbital a
descending palatine a
a of pterygoid canal
pharyngeal a
sphenopalatine a
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13
Q

post sup alveolar a

A

enters un-named foramen on maxillary bone

supplies maxillary teeth, gingiva, and maxillary sinus

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14
Q

infraoribital a

A

exits PPF ant via inf orbital fissure
courses in infraorbital canal
exits via infraorbital foramen
supplies floor of orbit, maxillary sinus, maxillary teeth, and skin of face

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15
Q

brr of infraorbital a

A

zygomatic a
middle sup alveolar a
nasal brr
sup labial brr

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16
Q

descending palatine a

A

exits PPF inf via pterygopalatine canal

supplies palate, nasal cavity, and palatine tonsil via greater and lesser palatine aa

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17
Q

a of pterygoid canal

A

exits PPF post via pterygoid canal

supplies nasopharynx, auditory tube, and tympanic cavity

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18
Q

pharyngeal a

A

exits PPF post via pharyngeal canal
pharyngeal canal courses thru medial wall of sphenoid into nasopharynx
supplies nasopharynx, sphenoid sinus, and auditory tube

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19
Q

sphenopalatine a

A

exits PPF medially via sphenopalatine foramen

supplies nasal cavity

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20
Q

V2

A

exits via foramen rotundum to enter PPF
GSA to middle dermatome, nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, maxillary teeth
distributes parasympathetics from pterygopalatine ganglion

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21
Q

brr of V2

A 
meningeal br 
sygomatic n
post sup alveolar n
infraorbital n
pterygopalatine nn
greater palatine
lesser palatine
post sup lat nasal n
pharyngeal n
n of pterygoid canal
nasopalatine n
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22
Q

meningeal br of V2

A

to dura of middle cranial fossa

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23
Q

zygomatic

A

exits PPF ant via inf orbital fissure
course thru floor and lat wall orbit divides into
zygomaticofacial
zygomaticotemporal

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24
Q

zygomaticotemporal

A

gives rise to communicating br btwn lacrimal n of V1

route for autonomics to lacrimal gland

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25
post sup alveolar n
enters un-named foramen on maxillary bone | supplies maxillary teeth gingiva and sinus
26
infraorbital n
exits PPF ant via inf orbital fissure coures thru infraorbital canal and exits infraorbital foramen supplies floor of orbit, maxillary sinus, maxillary teeth, skin of face
27
brr of infraorbital n
middle and ant sup alveolar nn inf palpebral nn external nasal brr sup labial brr
28
pterygopalatine nn
suspend the pterygopalatine ganglion to V2 | carry parasympathetic nn to pterygopalatine ganglion
29
greater palatine n
exits PPF inf via pterygopalatine canal to oral cavity supplies hard palate also supplies nasal cavity via post inf lateral nasal n
30
lesser palatine
exits PPF inf via pterygopalatine canal to oral cavity | supplies soft palate and tonsillar bed
31
post sup lat nasal n
exits PPF medially via sphenopalatine foramen to enter nasal cavity supply lat wall of nasal cavity
32
pharyngeal n
exits PPF post via pharyngeal canal to nasopharynx | supplies nasopharynx
33
n of pterygoid canal
enter PPF post pterygoid canal | autonomics to PPG
34
nasopalatine n
exits PPF via sphenopalatine foramen to nasal cavities supplies nasal cavit passes thru incisive foramen to supply an hard palate
35
nasopalatine n block
injected near incisive canal
36
greater palatine n block
near greater palatine foramen
37
pterygopalatine ganglion
suspended form V2 by pterygopalatine nn cell bodes of postganglionic parasympathetics preganglionics from VII via greater petrosal postganglionics from deep petrosal n
38
autonomics of n of pterygoid canal
preganglionci parasympathetics postganglionic sympathetics fto PPG composed of greater petrosal n and deep petrosal n
39
autonomics greater petrosal n
preganglionics in salivatory nucleus -> VII -> greater petrosal n -> n of pterygoid canal -> PPG -> V2
40
autonomics deep petrosal n
preganglionics T1-4 -> symp chain -> sup cervical ganglion -> internal carotid n -> deep petrosal n -> n of pterygoid canal -> thru PPG (do not synapse) -> V2
41
autonomics to lacrimal glans
postganglionic parasympathetics & sympathetics with zygomatic (V2) and lacrimal V1 from PPG
42
autonomics mucous secreting glands of head
brr of V2 from PPG
43
palate
consists of hard and soft forms boundary btwn oral and nasal cavities nasal surface covered w/respirator mucosa oral surface covered w/typical oral mucosa
44
hard palate
ant 2/3s | palatine processes of maxillary bones and horizontal plate of palatine bones
45
foramina of hard palate
incisive foramen | greater and lesser palatine formen
46
incisive foramen
nasopalatine n and greater palatine a
47
greater palatine formen
greater palatine a, v, n
48
lesser palatine foramen
lesser palatine a, v, n
49
mucosa of hard palate
palatine glands- mucous secreting transverse palatine folds palatine raphe too painful for injection, inject int sup gingiva mucosa
50
soft palate
post 1/3 of tongue mobile assists w/swallowing palatine aponeurosis and mucosa w/palatine glands ends in uvulua
51
soft palate and swallowing
presses against tongue to hold food in oral cavity | presses against roof of pahrynx to prevent food from passing into nasal cavity
52
fauces
passage from oral cavity into pharynx sup- palate inf- base of tongue lat- faucial pillars
53
faucial pillars
palatoglossal arch palatopharyngeal arch isthmus of fauces (btwn pillars)
54
palatine tonsillar bed
``` btwn palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal folds sup and middle constrictor hypoglossus glossopharyngeal tonsillar vessels ```
55
palatine tonsil aa
``` facial a palatine br of ascending pharyngeal ascending palatine dorsal lingual lesser palatine ```
56
palatine tonsil vv
tonsilar plexus | pharyngeal plexus
57
palatoglossus
soft palate via palatine aponeurosis tongue X pulls tongue and soft palate together when swallowing
58
palatopharyngeus
soft palate via palatine aponeurosis thyroid cartilage X swallowing
59
musculus uvulae
soft palate via palatine aponeurosis uvula X shortens and elevates uvula
60
tensor veli palatini
-lateral cartilaginous auditory tube, membranous auditory tube, medial pterygoid plate, scaphoid fossa, spine of sphenoid - palatine aponeurosis via tendon passing inf to pterygoid hamulus V3 tenses palate, mastication, swallowing, opens auditory tube
61
levator veli palatini
medial side cartilaginous auditory tube, petrous portion temporal bone passes in gap 1 to attach to palatine apneurosis X elevate palate, pull against roof of pharynx
62
paralysis of X
soft palate and faucial pillars sag, uvula deviate to unaffected side
63
aa of palate
maxillary a (3rd portion): -greater and lesser palatine aa facial a: -ascending palatine a
64
vv of palate
pterygoid plexus of vv -> maxillary v
65
sensory of palate
nasopalatine, greater and lesser palatine all V2

neuro exam 2 (11 decks)

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