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MJ-Disciplines Exam 2 > PTSD > Flashcards

PTSD Flashcards

1
Q

The following are pretraumatic, peritraumatic or posttraumatic risk factors?

  1. •Severity of the trauma
  2. •Perceived life threat
  3. •Personal injury
  4. •Interpersonal violence
A

Peritraumatic (during the event)

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2
Q

The following are pretraumatic, peritraumatic or posttraumatic risk factors?

  1. •Lower socioeconomic status
  2. •Lower education
  3. •Exposure to prior trauma → especially childhood
  4. •Childhood adversity
  5. •Female gender
A

Pretraumatic (before the event)

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3
Q

The following are pretraumatic, peritraumatic or posttraumatic risk factors?

  1. •Poor coping strategies
  2. •Subsequent exposure to repeated reminders
  3. •Subsequent adverse life events
  4. •Financial or other trauma related losses
A

Posttraumatic (after the event)

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4
Q

Strong social support is a ______ factor for PTSD

A

Protective factor

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5
Q

Definition of what:

The complex somatic, cognitive, affective, and behavioral effects of psychological trauma

A

PTSD

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6
Q

What type of medical conditions can lead to PTSD?

A

Sudden onset type of medical condition (ex: MI, waking up during sx, anaphylactic shock, etc)

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7
Q

The following influences ____ of PTSD?

  1. Characteristics of the individual experiencing the event (Coping mechanisms, Resilience)
  2. Nature of the inciting event
    • Intentional trauma found to have a greater association with PTSD than unintentional/nonassaultive
A
  1. frequency
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8
Q

Does intentional or unintentional/nonassultive trauma have a greater associateion with PTSD?

A

Intentional

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9
Q

Are women or men more likely to develop PTSD and generally exprience a longer duration?

A

Women (4x more)

Greater likelihood of exposure to traumatic events (sexual assault)

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10
Q

Exposure to _____ or ______ death, serious injury or sexual violence is part of DSM V dx criteria for PTSD

A

Actual or Threatened

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11
Q

What are 4 ways a person can be exposed to actual or threatened death, serious injury or sexual violence

A
  1. Direct experience
  2. Witnessing event in person
  3. Hearing about a traumatic event that happened to friend/family
  4. Experiencing repeated/extreme exposre to aversive details of the traumatic event (ex: first responders)
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12
Q

T/F: Presence of 1+ of the following intrusions sxs is associated with dx criteria of PTSD

  1. Recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories of the traumatic event(s)
  2. Recurrent distressing dreams related to event
  3. Dissociative reactions (e.g. flashbacks)
  4. Intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event(s).
  5. Marked physiological reactions to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event(s).
A
  1. Recurrent, involuntary, and intrusive distressing memories of the traumatic event(s)
  2. Recurrent distressing dreams related to event
  3. Dissociative reactions (e.g. flashbacks)
  4. Intense or prolonged psychological distress at exposure to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event(s).
  5. Marked physiological reactions to internal or external cues that symbolize or resemble an aspect of the traumatic event(s).
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13
Q

The following are ways PTSD presents in which population?

  1. Repetitive play may occur in which themes or aspects of the traumatic event(s) are expressed.
  2. Frightening dreams without recognizable content.
  3. trauma-specific reenactment may occur in play.
A

Children

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14
Q

What are the 5 main diagnostic criteria of PTSD?

A
  1. Exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence
  2. Intrusion symptoms associated with the traumatic event, after the event occurred
  3. Persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the traumatic event (avoidance of memories, thoughts, external reminders)
  4. Negative alterations in cognitions and mood associated with traumatic event
  5. Marked alterations in arousal and reactivity associated with event
  6. Duration: 2-5 must last >1 month
  7. Impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
  8. The disturbance not due to effects of substance (ex: meds, alcohol)
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15
Q

_________ amnesia can occur in patients with PTSD

A

Dissociative amnesia (inability to remember an important aspect of the traumatic event)

-Not due to other factors (head injury, alcohol, drugs)

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16
Q

Associated with dx criteria of what disorder:

Persistent and exaggerated negative beliefs or expectations about oneself, others, or the world

(e.g., “I am bad,” “No one can be trusted,” “The world is completely dangerous,”)

A
17
Q

T/F: the following is associated with OCD:

blaming self or others

A

False. this is associated with PTSD

18
Q

Which disorder?

  1. Diminished interest/participation in significant activities
  2. Feelings of detachment/estrangement from others.
  3. Persistent inability to experience positive emotions (e.g. inability to experience happiness, satisfaction, or loving feelings).
A

PTSD

19
Q

How long should sxs of PTSD last in order to dx PTSD

A

>1 month

(>3days- 1 month= acute stress disorder)

20
Q

The following are signs of _______ :

  1. Irritable behavior and angry outbursts (with little or no provocation)
  2. Reckless/self-destructive behavior.
  3. Hypervigilance.
  4. Exaggerated startle response.
  5. Problems with concentration.
  6. Sleep disturbance
A

PTSD

Part of DSM V dx criteria- Labeled as marked alterations in arousal and reacity

21
Q

Elaborate on the following PTSD DSM V specifiers:

With dissociative symptoms: The pt’s sxs meet the criteria for PTSD and in addition, in response to the stressor, the individual experiences persistent or recurrent symptoms of either of the following:

  • Depersonalization
  • Derealization
A

•Depersonalization: recurrent experiences of feeling detached from one’s mental processes or body

  • e.g., feeling as though one were in a dream; feeling a sense of unreality of self or body or of time moving slowly

•Derealization: Recurrent experiences of unreality of surroundings

  • e.g., the world around the individual is experienced as unreal or distorted
22
Q

__________ regression is often seen in children with PTSD

A

Developmental regression (often loss of language)

23
Q

T/F: pt’s with PTSD never eveperience social, occupation or phsycial disability

A

FALSE
PTSD is associated with high levels of social, occupational and physical disability

24
Q

PTSD is ____% more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for at least one other mental disorder

WHich mental disorders?

A

80%

Depression, Bipolar, Substance abuse

25
Q

What is the first line of therapy in PTSD

A

Trauma Focused psychotherapy:

  1. Prolonged exposure therapy
  2. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR)
26
Q

The following describes what therapy?

Prolonged exposure teaches individuals to gradually approach their trauma-related memories, feelings and situations. They presumably learn that trauma-related memories and cues are not dangerous and do not need to be avoided

A

Prolonged exposure therapy (one of the 1st line treatments for PTSD)

27
Q
A
28
Q

The following describes which first line treatment for PTSD:

A structured therapy that encourages the patient to briefly focus on the trauma memory while simultaneously experiencing bilateral stimulation (typically eye movements), which is associated with a reduction in the vividness and emotion associated with the trauma memories.

A

EMDR

29
Q

What is pharmacotherapy for PTSD treatment?

A
  1. SSRIs reasonable alternative to psychotherapy
  2. Prazosin (Minipress) 30 to 60 minutes before bedtime
30
Q

The following describes which PTSD therapy?

  • Alpha 1 Blocker
  • Significant sleep disturbances (nightmares) → reduction in 50% of patients
  • Off label use
A

Prazosin (Minipress)

31
Q

Approach to treating PTSD in adults- graph

A

MJ-Disciplines Exam 2 (8 decks)

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