PUBLIC POLICY VOCAB

Question 1

FEDERALISM

Answer 1

THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT SHARES AUTHORITY WITH THE LOCAL AND STATE GOVERNMENT

Question 2

POLITICS

Answer 2

Regarding the excercise power in society in specific decisions in public policy

Question 3

curtail

Answer 3

reduce in extent or quantity

Question 4

Policy analysis

Answer 4

the examination of components of public policy; the study of causes and consequences of policy decisions

Question 5

analysis

Answer 5

deconstructing of an object

Question 6

logic of collective action

Answer 6

group theory that suggests an individual would be irrational to join interest group when no personal gain would follow

Question 7

lobby

Answer 7

a group of people seeking to influence politicians or public officials on a particular issue

Question 8

referendrum

Answer 8

a law proposed by a state or locality for voters to approve or reject

Question 9

initiative

Answer 9

the ability to access things and initiate things independently; use your imagination and common sense

Question 10

prescribed

Answer 10

lay down; impose

Question 11

stakeholder

Answer 11

a party that has an interest in a company and can either affect or be affected by the business.

Question 12

seamless

Answer 12

smooth and continuous, with no apparent gaps or spaces between one part and the next.

Question 13

alternatives

Answer 13

one of two or more available possibilities.

Question 14

social context

Answer 14

integration of social conditions such as demographics,,population,social security, medicare,etc and their affects on policy decisions

Question 15

economy context

Answer 15

deals with inflation and unemployment as well as the the economy itself affects the decisions on policy development

Question 16

liberal

Answer 16

open to new opinions and and behavior, willing to discard traditions at any second

Question 17

conservative

Answer 17

cautious to change and adheres to traditonal values, typically in relation to religion and politics

Question 18

libertarian

Answer 18

someone who advocates civil liberties

Question 19

politics context

Answer 19

the clout of the minor parties; ideological differences among the public, the attentive publics such as liberals and conservaties, and the ability of lobbies to exert pressure

Question 20

governing context

Answer 20

the federal and state government interchangeable governance on responsibilities

Question 21

political culture

Answer 21

widely held values,beliefs, and attitudes such as trust and confidence in goverment and the political process

Question 22

market failure

Answer 22

when the private market is not efficient and warrants government intruison

Question 23

collective good or public goods

Answer 23

refers to goods such as national defense that in principle could be private but are provided by the government instead because private markets can’t do so

Question 24

monopoly

Answer 24

exists an individual or group of people or companies dominate the market and can control the price of the market

Question 25

negative externality

Answer 25

when two parties interact in a market and a third party gets harmed and does not get compensation

Question 26

positive externality

Answer 26

when two parties interact in a market and a third party gains from it and does not have to pay for it

Question 27

pure private good

Answer 27

a good or service where the consumer enjoys all the benefits and bears all the costs

Question 28

feasible

Answer 28

something to easily or conveniently

Question 29

toll goods

Answer 29

a type of market failure whereby a good is defined by its ability to be jointly consumed and exclusion is feasible

Question 30

deplete

Answer 30

exhaust the abundance ; use up the supply of

Question 31

common pool resources

Answer 31

resources shared by a society and available to all to consume

Question 32

information failure

Answer 32

a type of market failure that occurs when willing buyers and sellers do not posess all the information needed to enter into a transaction exchange

Question 33

pure public goods

Answer 33

a type of market failure in which a good such as police protection is defined by its ability to be jointly consumed and for which exclusion is not feasible.

Question 34

unfunded mandates

Answer 34

funds given to the state which are insufficient to cover costs of their new duties

Question 35

tragedy of the commons

Answer 35

use of natural resources such as air,water,grazing land, and fisheries of the like

Question 36

hone

Answer 36

sharpen

Question 37

infrringement

Answer 37

actively break the law or agreement

Question 38

effectiveness

Answer 38

policy or program is being considered likely to work

Question 39

efficiency

Answer 39

policy proposal costs in relation to expected benefits to society

Question 40

equity

Answer 40

consideration of what constitutes a fair equitable policy choice

Question 41

political feasibility

Answer 41

how government officials and other political actors appraise the acceptability of the proposal

Question 42

democratic constituencies

Answer 42

the core constituencies are labor interests, environmentalists, African American, political liberals, residents of urban areas, and others.

Question 43

republican constituencies

Answer 43

the core constituencies include business interests, political conservatives, farmers, suburban and rural residents

Question 44

federalism

Answer 44

a system of government in which the same territory is controlled by the levels of government, the national and smaller subdivision of government

Question 45

evidence-based policy

Answer 45

bringing information and systematic analysis to bear on policy issues and try to show how a given set of goals and objectives might be achieved most efficiently

Question 46

oligarchy

Answer 46

a small group of people having control over a country,organization, or institution

Question 47

policy

Answer 47

a course or principle of action adopted or proposed by government, party, or individual

Question 48

elite theory

Answer 48

emphasizes how the values and preferences of elite individuals have more of an impact on political decisions than society

Question 49

group theory

Answer 49

when special interest affect policymaking process