Pulmonary Diagnostic Testings (Mod 1) Flashcards

Question

Ideal patient position for Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)?

Answer 1

Sitting, standing, or supine - position needs to be reported - supine spirometer done for neuromuscular disease - **sitting preferable for saftey** bc of potential syncope - ideally chair would have arms and no wheels

Answer 2

Have chair close by - may be preferred when testing obese pts (larger volumes/flows may be achieved) - Testing is to be performed over long periods of time, the same position should always be used

Answer 3

Could effect reference values selection and calc - transgender pts use sex at birth - Ethnicity is also important to note bc lung development and function is affected

Answer 4

The span from the middle finger tip to middle fingertips is used as an estimate of height (w/equation)

Answer 5

It depends (add info from slide 32)

Answer 6

Causes bronchospasm and irritates the airway - done on purpose to dx condition - it is used in conjunction w/Ventolin to see if the impairment is reversible

Answer 7

Avoid the following, it needs to be reported if any of the following are a concern - Avoid Smoking/vaping within at least 1hr of testing - Avoid consuming intoxicants within 8hrs of testing - Avoid vigorous exercise within 1hr of testing - Wear clothing that could restrict full chest/ab expansion - Eating large meals within 2hrs of testing

Answer 8

All of the following are recorded daily for calculations, during calibration procedure - Temperature - Barometric pressure - Relative humidity and time of day are important - Time of day

Answer 9

Mouthpieces or pneumotachometers, the following concerns would be associated with - saliva - oral mucosa - bleeding gums

Answer 10

Aerosol and droplet

Answer 11

Use disposable filters (mouthpieces) and nose clips where possible - disposable filters, small changes in R, but not major effect on flow rates or volumes have little effect on diffusion tests

Answer 12

Record calibration procedures, recording, and record keeping - Log of calibration results - Documentation of repairs or alterations to equipment - Date of computer software/hardware updates

Answer 13

volume calibration and calibration checks are performed via 3L calibration syringe

Answer 14

The following measuring using Volume Displacement 1. Water sealed spirometer 2. Bellows spirometer 3. Dry rolling seal spirometers

Answer 15

1. Thermal (hot wire anemometer) 2. Turbine flow meter 3. Pneumotachographs (pressure differential and ultrasonic)

Answer 16

Calculated from the amount of power needed to maintain the temperature of the element. Changes are gathered via: - Heated wire - Thermistor bead

Answer 17

Cooling results in decreased resistance - Higher gas flow -> cools -> Decreases resistance -> less power needed to maintain temp - There is a inverse relationship between gas flow and power

Answer 18

Cooling results in increased resistance - higher gas flow -> cools -> increases resistance -> more power needed to maintain temp - Direct relationship between gas flow and power

Answer 19

Uses a rotating vane or turbine to measure gas flow - The vane turns at a rate dependant on the flow of the gas - **only good for unidirectional flow** - Flow is measured by counting the number of times the vane turns and can be done (mechanically and electronically)

Answer 20

Works by linking the vane to a needle which is attached to a calibrated display

Answer 21

Works by using a light beam that is interrupted each time the vane turns

Answer 22

Use struts which create a partial obstruction to gas flow, as gas flows by the struts, vortices are formed - The ultrasonic transmitter produces sounds waves which are interrupted by the vortices - Interruptions are counted by the receiver and are equivalent to s a specific volume

Answer 23

1. Name, identify correct pt 2. Age + date of birth - ensure date of birth entered calculates the correct age 3. Height and weight - if the pt cannot stand for height, or if the pt has severe kyphoscoliosis, consider substituting arm span measurement for approximation of height (tip of middle finger to tip of middle finger) 4. Gender - biological 5. Race 6. Smoking history, time of last cigarette. Food consumption and time of last meal. Medication use and time of last use. 7. Medical history pertinent to the test (see contraindications section) + recent illness 8. Other info that can alter test results Attaining this info is important for accurate results of testing.

Answer 24

1. Smoking/vaping within 1 hour of the test 2. Eating a large meal 2 hours prior to testing 3. Avoid intoxicants 8 hours prior to testing 4. Vigorous exercise within 1 hr of test 5. Wearing restrictive clothing during the test 6. No short acting inhaled drugs 4 hours prior, oral therapy and any LABA should not be taken 12 hours prior to testing - for reversibility testing.