Pulmonary Hypertension Flashcards
(22 cards)
mmHg at rest measured by RHC
Mean PPA >20
Previously defined as mmhg
PPA ≥25
concluded that the average mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure is
20 mmHG
Pulmonary arterial hypertension(pah). This group includes idiopathic (of unknown
cause), heritable, drug-induced, and
associated forms of PAH,
Group 1
pH associated with left heart disease. VERY COMMON
PH in this group is caused by left-sided
heart diseases such as left ventricular
dysfunction, valvular heart disease, or
heart failure.
Group 2
pH associated with lung disease. COMMON
Lung conditions such as chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
interstitial lung disease, and
sleep-disordered breathing
Group 3
pH associated with pulmonary artery obstruction. RARE
CTEPH is caused by chronic blood clots
in the pulmonary arteries, leading to
increased pressure and resistance within
the pulmonary circulation.
Group 4
pH with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms
This group encompasses PH
associated with various conditions
that do not fit into the other
categories, including hematological
disorders,
Group 5
Prevalence in general population estimated at
15-50 cases per 1 million
adults
Average survival of untreated idiopathic is
2.8 years
34% survival at 5 years
is complex and involves multiple steps to rule out other possible disease processes
Diagnosis of PAH
involves measuring the levels of oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH in
arterial blood.
abg analysis
involves wearing a device that continuously monitors blood oxygen
levels while the patient sleeps.
An ECG records
is a nuclear medicine imaging test used to assess airflow and blood flow in the
lungs.
Ventilation/Perfusion Lung Scan (V/Q)
may be performed to evaluate for autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE) or scleroderma, which can be associated with PH.
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) testing
is the gold standard for diagnosing and classifying PH.
Right heart catheterization
can show whether the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle are enlarged,
sometimes with pruning of the peripheral vessels.
Chest X-Ray
Used to rule out underlying etiologies or
condition(s) that may be causing PH.
Chest High-Resolution CT
Chest magnetic resonance imaging, or chest MRI, can also help detect signs of PH or an underlying condition causing PH.
Chest MRI
is usually the first
test to suggest a diagnosis of PH
Echocardiography
is a surgical procedure performed to replace a diseased or failing heart with a healthy donor heart.
Heart transplantation:
involves replacing one or both diseased lungs with healthy
donor lungs.
Lung transplant surgery
