Pulmonary Pathology 6 Flashcards
(38 cards)
What does chronic rhinitis/sinusitis eventually lead to?
a reactive in nature inflammatory sinonasal polyps
what are inflammatory sinonasal polyps?
edema in stroma with eosinophilic infiltrates
what are the consequences of sinusitis (aka obstructed sinus)?
empyema or mucocele
where can ethmoid sinusitis spread?
orbital cellulitis or subperiosteal abscess
where can frontal sinusitis spread?
meningitis, epidural abscess, subdural abscess
what is allergic fungal sinusitis?
occurs as a result of hypersensitivity to fungal organism that have colonized the sinus tract
what are the histologic features of fungal sinusitis?
allergic mucin and maybe fungal hyphae
what might you get when fungal organisms accumulate?
a mycetoma
which fungal sinusitis is not deadly? which one is deadly?
not deadly: aspergillus mycetoma
deadly: zygomycosis
what are the histologic features of zygomycosis fungal sinusitis?
necrotic sinusitis with non-septate hyphae
what does histology of GPA show?
classic nephrobiotic necrosis
what are two benign tumors of the nose, sinuses, and nasopharynx?
nasopharyngeal angiofibroma and sinonasal papilloma
what is a malignant tumor of the nose, sinuses, and nasopharynx?
olfactory neuroblastoma
if a patient present with a nasalpharyngeal angiofibroma, what do they need to be worked up for?
familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP)–> they could have colon cancer
what are sinonasal papillomas?
relatively common tumors of the sinonasal area, more common in men, and many are associated with HPV
what are the three different types of of sinonasal papillomas?
exophytic, endophytic, and oncocytic
which type of sinonasal papillomas could progress to malignancy?
endophytic
what does an olfactory neuroblastoma arise from?
neuroectoderm in the superior nasal passageway (neuroendocrine tumor)
how does an olfactory neuroblastoma appear on radiograph?
dumb bell shaped
where does nasopharyngeal carcinoma arise?
it is a squamous carcinoma that arises in the nasopharynx, but the majority of the cases present in the neck–> metastasizes quickly
what are the risk factors for a nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
hereditary, age, EBV
where is nasopharyngeal carcinoma more common?
chinese/ southwest asian adults–> smoked fish with nitrosamines, EBV; young african children
what is laryngeal squamous papilloma?
a benign squamous neoplasm
what does laryngeal squamous papilloma have a strong association with?
HPV types 6 and 11
