Pulmonary pathophysiology Flashcards
(52 cards)
What pathology presents: swelling of the bronchi secondary to infection.
Sympt: fever, cough, wheeze
Acute Bronchitis
Tx for Acute Bronchitis
Antibiotics, Bronchodilators
What pathology presents: polyps block airways
Symp: low grade fever, dyspnea, cough, decrease FEV1/FVC
Bronchiolitis Obliterans
Tx for bronchiolitis oblitierans
antibiotics, bronchodilators, prevent exposure, O2
In adults, bronchiolitis obliterans can be a complication:
…of infection or due to toxic fumes
What pathology presents as a collapse of part/all lungs secondary to collapse of alveoli
Acetilitis
What pathology presents as a collapse of part/all lungs secondary to air/pressure build up around lung
Pneumothorax
Which way will the trachea shift towards:
Toward the lung w/ less pressure & away from the greater pressure.
Describe Cor pulmonale
R ventricular heart failure tied w/ pulmonary problems
What pathology presents as swelling of the bronchi & bronchioles secondary to smoking, allergies, air pollution.
Symp: productive cough >3 mo for 2 consecutive yrs, wheeze, polycthemia, R ventric failure
Chronic Bronchitis
Tx for chronic bronchitis
IV fluids, antibiotics, bronchodilators, O2, corticosteroids; if R vent failure–> diuretics, digitalis
Who is more likely to die:
Both Roan and Kristie Lee are 80 y/o and have chronic bronchitis. Roan stays in bed bc of her frail bones while Lee still plays soccer w/ the grandchildren?
Roan- bc 50% pt are 4x more likely to die vs active pt
Why is there possibility of having polycthemia as a result from Chronic Bronchitis
decreased O2–>Kidney compensates–> increase RBC polycthemia–> increase risk of heart attack
What pathology presents as abnormal permanent enlargement of airspaces & destruction of terminal bronchioles
Symp: chronic cough, wheeze, SOB, decreased endurance & RR, risk of embolism
Emphysema
Tx of Emphysema
Mucolytics, non-catecholamines (ephedrine, albuterol) , lung resection or transplant, bronchodilators (Theophylline)
If an emphysema pt cant get out of bed, would you give them ankle pumps? Why or why not.
bc there is increased risk for DVT in pt w/ emphysema–> increased HCT–> embolism risk–> increased risk for DVT
What are the 5 common causes of death of pts w/ emphysema
CHF, resp failure, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, pulmonary embolism
Who would most likely have centrilobular emphysema:
Will (who smokes, and has R vent failure and polycythemia)
Nicole (who drinks, and has L atria failure)
Will- common in Males and hx w/ chronic bronchitis, rare in non-smokers
Which is most common Emphysema: Centrilobar or Panlobular
Centrilobular is 20x more common than Panlobular
What pathology presents as inflammation, edema, thicken bronchiolar walls, destruction of bronchioles. Affects Upper Lobes & Superior Lower Lobes
Centrilobular Emphysema
What pathology presents as destructive enlargement of alveoli; Bronchioles prone to collapse–> HIGH risk of pneumothorax; Affects Lower Lobes
Panlobular Emphysema
What pathology presents as narrowing/occluded lumen of the airways by a combination of smooth mm spasm, inflammation of mucosa & overproduction of mucus
Symp: wheeze, SOB, decreased endurance, waking at night, lung sounds gradually decrease
Asthma
Tx for Asthma
Non-catecholamines, bronchodilators, steroids, O2
Would you suggest that Bronte, who has asthma, to do her HEP in the evening? why or why not
Asthma can occur 6-8hrs after submax exercises is stopped.
