Pulmonary System (chapter 6) Flashcards
(56 cards)
What’s the primary function of the respiratory system?
Exchanging gases between the blood and external environment
What does the system do (rr)
It works with the cardiovascular system
What is gas exchange
Constant supply of oxygen where carbon dioxide wastes must be removed
Three major parts of the respiratory system
Airway
Lungs
Muscles of the respiratory
Organs of the respiratory system
-Nasal/Oral cavities
-Pharynx
-Larynx
-Trachea
-Bronchi + Bronchioles
-Lungs
Describe the upper respiratory tract
Air enters the nasal cavity, where its warmed, filtered & moistened. They pass through the pharynx (throat) then the larynx (voice box)
How is the nasal cavity
Divided into 2 cavities by the nasal system lined with ciliated mucosa network of thin walled veins under the surface that warms passing air.
What’s the ciliated mucosa
Lines the rr tract that traps dust, mold and other contaminants — the cilia sweeps particles toward the pharynx to be swallowed
What’s the pharynx
Throat; an area which passes behind the nose and mouth
What are the 3 sections of the throat
-Nasopharynx
-Oropharynx
-Laryngopharynx
How is the air averted
It’s pushed away from the esophagus by the epiglottis
What’s the epiglottis
A flap of cartilage at the superior end of the larynx that covers the airway when swallowing
The function of the epiglottis is to-
swallow, it bending downward to cover the airway
What’s the larynx
Voicebox; houses the vocal cords (protects)
The function of the larynx is to-
hold the vocal cords, composed of 8 ridgid pieces of cartilage. inferior to the pharynx
What are the vocal cords
How do they produce sound
These are folds of mucous membrane (of the larynx) vibrate with exhaled air to form sounds
Describe the lower respiratory tract
Air travels through the trach. (windpipe) This divides into 2 primary brunch lungs are air sacs that exchange gases with the environment
What’s the trachea
Windpipe; part of the airway between the pharynx and bronchi, supported with c-shaped ringed cartilage, making it out to 10-12 cm long. This is anterior to the esophagus
What cells are found in the lining of the trachea
The ciliated epithelial cells are the lining, contributing to cleansing incoming air
3 characteristics of air EXITING the trachea
-warmed
-cleansed
-humidified
What’s the bronchi
main branches of the trachea which carry air to the lungs
-This divides to right and left, breaking out into smaller branches
What are facts about the anatomy of the lungs
-Large, soft & spongy
-Fills the thoracic cavity
-Right side has 3 lobes & left has 2
Visceral pleura
membrane that covers the surface of each lung
Parietal pleura
membrane that line the thoracic cavity
