Pumping and Aerial Book Flashcards
(234 cards)
1
Q
NFPA 1901
A
Standard for Automotive Fire Apparatuses
2
Q
min pump capacity
A
750 gpm
3
Q
min tank size
A
300 gallons
4
Q
quint min pump size
A
1000 gpm
5
Q
quint tank size
A
300 gallons
6
Q
mobile water supply apparatus min capacity
A
1000 gallons
7
Q
inverters
A
converts DC (12-24V) to AC (110 or 220V)
8
Q
vehicle mounted generators
A
110-220V, up to 12,000 W
9
Q
class A fire
A
wood, paper
10
Q
class B fire
A
liquids (petrol)
11
Q
class C fire
A
Energized electric
12
Q
class D fire
A
metals
13
Q
class K/F fire
A
cooking oils
14
Q
foam tanks capacity
A
20-100 gallons
15
Q
Initial fire attack apparatus aka
A
midi or mini pumpers
16
Q
NFPA 1002
A
Standard for Driver/Operator Professional Qualifications
17
Q
NFPA 1071
A
Standard for Emergency Vehicle Technician Qualifications
18
Q
CDL is for
A
over 26k pounds
19
Q
NFPA 1911
A
Maintenance, Inspection, Testing, Retirement of Apparatuses
20
Q
tires replaced…
A
every 7 years
21
Q
tire pressure dictated by
A
manufacturer’s recommendations
22
Q
load sequencer
A
controls emergency lights
23
Q
load monitor
A
watches the load, can shut down emergency electrical equipment to prevent overload
24
Q
steering wheel play
A
no more 10 degrees in either direction
25
curb weight
weight of apparatus directly off assembly line
26
GVWR
max weight vehicle can operate in ideal conditions
27
air actuated brakes
compressed air holds off a spring brake (parking brake), applies air pressure to service brake
28
slack adjusters
connect activation pads and brake pads, compensate for wear in brake pads
29
diesel particulate filters
controls regeneration process
30
selective catalyst reductant uses
diesel exhaust fluid (DEF)
31
who determines what is needed to drive
state DOT
32
most driving regulations pertain to...
dry, clear roads in daylight
33
reckless disregard
doing something while consciously aware it may have a bad outcome
34
negligence
failing to perform to a reasonable standard
35
gross negligence
willful and wanton disregard
36
due regard
acting with safety in mind
37
brake fade
brakes lose stopping ability when overheated
38
tanks should be
completely full or empty for safety
39
excessive idling leads to
carbon buildup in components
40
failing to keep DEF topped up leads to
loss of torque
41
engine should be... before shut off
3-5 min of idling or piston ring wear
42
axle loading
balance within 7% front/back side/side
43
going downhill limit...
speed to below max RPM's to prevent engine damage
44
snow/ice increases braking distance by
3-15x
45
sirens over how fast are ineffective
50mph
46
braking distance
brake applied to stop
47
total stopping distance
reaction time + braking distance
48
reaction distance
from perceiving need to stop to foot being applied to pedal
49
jake brake is what type of brake
engine compression brake
50
correcting acceleration skid
release throttle, straighten wheels
51
correcting locked wheel skid
ease off brakes, straight wheels
52
automatic traction control (ATC)
automatically reduces torque, applies brake automatically to wheels that skid
53
max safe speed of an apparatus
68mph
54
apparatus with a 500 gallon tank should pump at least
250gpm
55
tire pressure dictated by
tire manufacturer's recommendations, not side wall PSI
56
pressure in air brakes should build within
60sec
57
inspect valves...
monthly
58
nfpa 1500
occupational health and safety
59
50% pump capacity test
conducted at 250psi for 10min
60
retarder
aux brake that retards the driveline
61
engine lugging
when throttle is applied for too high a gear for the engine demand, like going up a steep hill, leads to carbon buildup
62
serpentine course requires
3 cones
63
if building is under 5 stories
aerial on the outside
64
if building over 5 stories
aerial on inside
65
dual pumping
really strong hydrant, supply line is intake to intake
66
tandem pumping
for when single pump can't supply enough pressure, supply line is discharge to intake
67
level I staging
late arriving unit stages a block away
68
level II staging
a designated staging area like a parking lot
69
anchoring
for wildland firefighting, apparatus placed somewhere protected
70
h2o weight
8.3lb/gallon
71
h2o steam expansion
1700x
72
head
height of water supply above discharge orifice
73
residual pressure
pressure left over not used to overcome friction or gravity
74
static pressure
stored potential energy available
75
converting head to pressure
feet of head/2.304
76
discharge rate of a smoothbore
gpm=29.7*d^2*sqrt(NP)
77
constant flow fog nozzle
maintain constant gpm with adjustable stream patterns at a constant discharge pressure
78
selectable gallonage nozzle
the nozzleman can adjust gallonage, the pump man has to adjust pdp in concert with nozzleman
79
automatic fog nozzle
can change patterns while maintaining constant np
80
nozzle reaction for solid stream
NR=1.57*d^2*NP
81
nozzle reaction for fog stream
NR=0.0505*Q*sqrt(NP)
82
appliance friction loss
10psi over 330gpm
83
elevation pressure loss
height/2.304
84
don't pump standpipes over
200 psi
85
flow testing smooth bore
use pitot tube
86
condensed Q for 3"
FL=Q^2
87
condensed Q for 4"
FL=Q^2/5
88
condensed Q for 5"
FL=Q^2/15
89
FL method for 2 1/2" hose
for flow rates above 160gpm, determine flow rate, take first two numbers, subtract 10, that gives you FL per 100' hose
90
priming pumps are
positive displacement pumps
91
most common type of priming pump
rotary vane pump
92
damage to pump in form of...
pump ring wear
93
most common pressure relief valve uses...
spring controlled pilot valve
94
pressure governor adjusts
engine throttle
95
auxiliary cooling system
engine cooling water transferred to pump water
96
once PTO is activated and pump is engaged speedometer should show...
0mph
97
maintain at least what intake pressure
20psi
98
dead end hydrants
supplied in only one direction, sediment
99
red hydrant
<500gpm
100
orange hydrants
500-1000 gpm
101
green hydrants
1000-1500 gpm
102
blue hydrants
>1500 gpm
103
3x additional water
<10% intake
104
2x additional water
11-15% intake
105
1x
16-25% intake
106
not enough for another whatever
>25% intake
107
strainer on hard suction clearance
24" in all directions
108
14.7 psi =
30" Hg
109
drafting 10" rise
full capacity
110
drafting 20" rise
max effective fire capacity, 60% rated capacity
111
most common cause of inability to draft
air leak
112
standpipe resistance
25psi on flows over 350
113
lift
elevation difference between surface of static water source and center of pump intake
114
theoretical lift
lift that would be possible if pumper could create a total vacuum
115
max lift
max real world lift pumper is able to obtain (usually 25ft)
116
max lift formula
1.13Xinches of Hg of vacuum at intake gauge
117
dependable lift
usually atleast 14.7'
118
pressure correction
lift (in ft) + total intake hose friction loss/2.3
119
pumpers rated to pump at their max capacity at draft at...
150psi
120
for industrial/business districts, mains should be at least
8"
121
hydrant with largest capacity connected to...
primary feeder
122
inline relay valves
allow late arriving pumpers to hook up without interrupting operations
123
intake relief valves
set to 10psi above the discharge pressure of the previous pumper in the relay
124
shutting down a relay
start at attack pumper
125
open relay method
uses portable folding drop tanks
126
jet assisted siphons
useful for transferring water from one tank to another
127
tenders must be rated to fill at...
1000 gpm
128
vacuum tenders
can fill from a static source at a rate of up to 2000gpm
129
dump sites
intersections are good
130
water shuttle flow rate
0.9Xtank size/trip time
131
class B foam
sits on surface and suppresses vapors
132
gas mixed with ethanol should be treated
as a polar solvent
133
foam works by seperating
creates barrier btw fuel and fire
134
foam works by cooling
lower temp of fuel
135
foam works by smothering/suppressing
sits between fire and o2
136
foam induction
use of an eductor, concentrate is drafted
137
foam injection
foam concentrate is injected
138
batch mixing
just for class A foams
139
most common foam proportioner
around the pump proportioner
140
drawback of around the pump proportioner
can not take advantage of incoming pressure
141
protein foam
excellent heat stability and burnback resistance
142
fluoroprotein foam
has surfactant added
143
AR-AFFF foam
can be used on both hydrocarbons and polar fires
144
foam percentage for hydrocarbons
1-3%
145
foam percentage for polar solvents
3-6%
146
most common foam
AFFF
147
AFFF method of action
thin film spreads across fuel, foam has ability to heal
148
compressed air foam system (CAFS)
compressed air generated into foam, increased range, sticks to surfaces, good for protecting exposures
149
hydrostatic pump testing
500psi for 10 min
150
performance test interval
yearly
151
hose testing
marks around couplings can't move more than 3/8"
152
vacuum testing
22" Hg, at the end of 5 min no more than 10 psi lost
153
priming test
achieve a prime in 30-45 seconds
154
tank to pump test
500 gallon tank must flow 250gpm, tanks over 500 gallon must flow over 500 gpm
155
acceleration test
0 to 35mph in 25 seconds
156
when doing a service test, first test should be
a no load governed engine speed test
157
interlock
prevents some component from functioning while another is functioning, common for aerial/stabilizer
158
working length measured
from ground to top rung when fully extended
159
load capacity of elevated platforms
750lbs when fully extended and no water flowing
160
hydraulic power tools, hose length
max 100ft
161
non destructive testing
every 5 years or after unusual stress/load
162
parking an apparatus on grade
if only two rear jacks, must be parked uphill
163
distance from 50k volt power line
10 feet
164
distance from 50-350kv power line
20 feet
165
distance from power lines over 350kv
50 feet
166
max loading of an unsupported aerial
70-80 degrees
167
railway considerations
avoid raising aerial over tracks, if you have to maintain 25 feet above tracks
168
signs of building collapse
bulging walls, sagging roofs, cracks in exterior, falling bricks/mortar
169
hot shift PTO
can engage PTO while transmission is in neutral
170
operating aerial on uneven terrain
best to operate on uphill side
171
75-80-80 guideline
for ladder pipe, 75% elevation, 80% extended length, 80psi
172
ice buildup
limit is 1/4" ice
173
removing ice
ice shrugging, slowly extending/retracting aerial to remove ice
174
window rescue with straight stick
first rung placed even with sill
175
window rescue with bucket
top rail even with sill
176
roof rescue with straight stick
6" ladder extends above roof
177
roof rescue with bucket
bottom of the platform is just over and above the roof
178
blitz attack
master stream does transitional attack before ground crews are ready
179
assisting victim on ladder
at least one, preferably two, FF's assist victim
180
inspect valves
daily
181
doing a capacity test, pump at
150 psi
182
distributors
smaller mains serving individual hydrants and blocks of consumers
183
psi to inches of Hg
1 psi equal 2.04" Hg
184
atmospheric pressure at sea level
14.7 psi or 29.9" Hg
185
when pump is engaged speedometer should show
0 mph
186
in a relay, the pump should maintain the ___ pressure as the next pumper in line
minimum intake
187
if inlet pressure to the eductor is too high
foam may not be inducted
188
most common foam application system in use
balance pressure system
189
solid stream vs. straight stream
straight stream is a pattern on an adjustable fog nozzle
190
solid stream on a 1 3/4" with a 15/16" orifice
180 gpm
191
1" tip on a 2 1/2" hoseline
200 gpm
192
1 1/8" tip on a 2 1/2" hoseline
250 gpm
193
1 1/4" tip on a 2 1/2" hoseline
325 gpm
194
1 1/4" tip on a master stream
400 gpm
195
1 3/8" tip on a master stream
500 gpm
196
1 1/2" tip on a master stream
600 gpm
197
1 3/4" tip on a master stream
800 gpm
198
2" tip on a master stream
1000 gpm
199
fire pump standards come from
underwriter's libraryy
200
type I construction
fire resistive
201
type II construction
non combustible
202
type III construction
ordinary construction
203
type IV construction
heavy timber
204
type V construction
wood frame
205
pyrolysis
solids undergo off gasing
206
vaporization
liquids turning to vapor prior to combustion
207
autoignition
ignition occurring without a flame or spark, always at higher temp than piloted ignition
208
piloted ignition
ignition occurring with a heat source
209
flash point
min temp at which liqiud gives of enough vapors to ignite but not sustain combustion
210
fire point
temp where sustained combustion is possible
211
entrainment
air being pulled into fire
212
neutral plain
interface btw hot gas layer and cooler air layer
213
rollover
when flames ripple across ceiling prior to flashover
214
1A indicates...
A=5L water putting out a type A fire
215
B indicates...
number of sqft of class B fire a 'non expert' can extinguish
216
class K extinguisher works through
saponification
217
class D extinguisher uses
dry powder
218
residential floor and sill heights
1 story is 10 feet, sill at 3'
219
commercial floor and sill heights
1 story is 12 feet, sill at 4'
220
proper ladder climbing angle
75 degrees
221
combination attack
hitting the ceiling to cool gas as well as the fuel source
222
transitional attack
hitting the fire through an open window
223
Hydrostatic pump testing
500 psi for 10min
224
pump cert tests conducted on pumps with capacities of
750-3000 gpm
225
acceptance testing happens at
purchaser's jurisdiction
226
pumper performance testing, water should be between
34 and 90 degrees
227
FF deaths due to responding to calls
20-25%
228
two emergency vehicles responding to same call
should be 300-500 ft apart
229
in snowy conditions, increase braking distance by...
3-15x
230
corrosion or mineral deposits in piping called
encrustation
231
aux cooling system, heat goes from
engine coolant to pump discharge water
232
discharge manifolds in relay operations
support more than one attack pumper
233
charging apparatus battery
red to positive, black to frame
234
nfpa 1582
medical evaluations
