Purchasing and supply - Improvment Flashcards
(42 cards)
What are the 4 improvement approaches? And what are emphasis can they be categorized to?
BPR, Six Sigma, Lean and TMQ. Emphasis on rapid or gradual change or on what to do or how to do it.
What model depicts the best sequence in which operations performance should be improved?
The sand cone model
Describe the Sand cone model.
Outside in we have (in this order) quality, dependability, speed, flexibility, cost.
What does the learning/experience curve show?
The curve shows how the more experience is gather with each produced unit the experience will make each unit cost less.
What is tacit knowledge?
Its knowledge that is in peoples head rather than in a manual. Similar to riding a bike.
What is explicit knowledge?
It is written down and codified knowledge.
Knowledge management (KM) has two functions, what are they? And their combination leads to what?
Collect and connect knowledge. Combining them encourages collaboration, which generates an even greater insight.
One of the most influential model of knowledge accumulation through learning. What is it called?
The Nonaka and Takeuchi knowledge model.
Describe The Nonaka and Takeuchi knowledge model.
Its round with, from the top to the right, Dialogue, linking explicit knowledge, learning by doing and field building as its cornerstones. In the model tacit knowledge becomes explicit knowledge and vice versa. Between dialogue and linking explicit knowledge, tacit knowledge becomes explicit knowledge. And between learn by doing and field building, explicit knowledge becomes tacit knowledge.
In the The Nonaka and Takeuchi knowledge model tacit knowledge becomes explicit knowledge and vice versa. What are each of the 4 quadrants processes called for the different types of learning? And what kind of knowledge turns to what?
Socialisation (Tacit-to-tacit knowledge)
Externalisation (Tacit-to-explicit knowledge)
Combination (Explicit -to- explicit knowledge)
Internalisation (Explicit -to- tacit knowledge)
What does BPR emphases?
Rapid change and towards what to do.
What does TQM emphases?
Gradual change and how to do it.
What does Lean emphases?
Gradual change and towards what to do.
What does Six Sigma emphases?
How to do it and both gradual and rapid change.
Define value-creating supply networks.
A set of interconnected organisations whose different processes and activities together produce value.
If you go upstream in the supply network, what way do you go then?
From the focal company you go to the supplier and then their supplier.
If you go downstream in the supply network, what way do you go then?
From the focal company you go to your customer and then their customers.
Shortly explain dyadic relationship.
The term “dyadic” highlights the one-on-one nature of the relationship. Where the customer and supplier go through the focal operation.
Shortly explain triadic relationship.
In triadic interactions the customer, supplier, and focal operations interact and can connect with everybody. There can emerge anything between any two members while also affecting the third.
Shortly explain the bullwhip effect.
Small fluctuations in consumer demand led to increasingly larger variations in orders and inventory levels as they move upstream the supply chain.
What framework do we use to match the operations resources in the supply chain with market requirements? Describe it.
The Fisher matrix. Market requirements to the left and operations resources on the horizontal axis. Market requirements are on a scale of functional and innovative. Operations resources are on a scale of efficient processes and responsive processes.
In the Fisher matrix, what constitutes as a functional market requirements/demand? And what type of processes does it match with?
When demand is functional the demand is predictable, have few changes, low variety, the price is stable, there is long lead-time, and there is low margin. It matches with an efficient process.
In the Fisher matrix, what constitutes as a innovative market requirements/demand? And what type of processes does it match with?
When demand is functional the demand is unpredictable, have many changes, high variety, the price mark-downs, there is short lead-time, and there is high margin. It matches with a responsive process.
What is an efficient process?
It has low cost, high utilisation, there is min inventory, and their suppliers are low-cost.
