Push+pull factors test 17/6/25 Flashcards
i'm so done with this 💩 (7 cards)
What are push and pull factors?
A push factor is a negative reason about a place that could make people want to leave a certain area, e.g high crime rates.
A pull factor is a positive reason that could make people want to go to a certain area, e.g better job opportunities
Why do push factors make people want to leave rural areas?
Rural areas have a range of things that make them less convenient to live in, and can make people struggle more with daily activities. Push factors can be:
-unemployment
-lower wages
-crop failure
-poor living conditions
-poor health and education services
-few facilities
-transport difficulties
-less communities and social opportunities (going to cinema, meeting at restaurants etc)
Why do pull factors make people want to move to urban areas?
Urban areas offer an easier, more practical environment for people to function in modern day-to-day life. Pull factors include:
-better job opportunities
-higher wages
-more facilities
-better transport
-more healthcare
-superior education
-less chance of natural disasters
-more communities
What is a carbon footprint?
A carbon footprint is a number, often measured in tonnes, kilograms, or grams, that represents the total amount of carbon dioxide (CO₂) and other equivalent greenhouse gases that are associated with an individual, product, person or even country.
How can we reduce our carbon footprint in urban areas?
-sustainable transportation: buses, trains, trams, cycling, jogging, scootering (good for exercise too!), carpooling
-energy-efficient buildings
-renewable energy: solar panels, wind turbines, sustainable energy provides like Octopus energy
-waste reduction: reuse! Good chance to get creative :)
-promoting sustainable food systems: fairtrade, sustainably sourced, free-range
-reduce consumption
-eat less meat
-eat seasonally
-support local businesses
How can buildings be designed to be more sustainable?
Renewable Energy
Energy Efficiency
Using Sustainable Materials
Water Conservation and
Management
Natural Light and Ventilation
Indoor Air Quality
How can urban areas be designed to be more sustainable? Consider social, economic and environmental sustainability. Think about ideas such as urban layout, transport, urban temperature, green spaces or any other relevant ideas. Make sure you can explain how the ideas achieve different types of sustainability.
Parks with trees and nature:
Socially sustainable- children and adults can meet up/play boosting mental health
Environmentally sustainable- offers a natural place for species to thrive
Economically sustainable- They attract tourists, create jobs, and reduce healthcare costs by encouraging exercise
Hospitals, mental health places
Socially sustainable- People feel safer knowing they have somewhere to go if hurt/struggling, conditions can be diagnosed and treated resulting in a longer lifetime expectancy.
Environmentally sustainable- easy to add solar panels, shade etc
Economically sustainable- Each hospital has so many job to offer per building
Schools and universities
Socially sustainable- children make lifelong friends here, parents and teachers meet too. Offers a place to be and many communities within, e.g school clubs
Economically sustainable- Trains and helps every child to get a job, teaching opportunities
Public transport systems
Socially sustainable- Cheap, easy way to get from one place to another. Child friendly and can be used to travel to school, clubs etc without needing to drive
Economically sustainable- it connects people to jobs and services, reduces traffic congestion and associated costs, and promotes economic development in surrounding areas. It also offers a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to private vehicle use.
Environmentally sustainable- By carrying more people per vehicle, public transport significantly lowers carbon emissions per passenger mile. Furthermore, many public transport systems are transitioning to cleaner energy sources like electricity and hydrogen, further reducing their environmental impact.
