Puttoff/Robins WBC 2

Question 1

4 big time functions of t helper cells?

Answer 1

Activate B cells to secrete antibodies
Activate macrophages to eat
Activate CD8 cells to kill
Inflammation

Question 2

3 biomarkers for treg cells?

Answer 2

Cd4, fox p53, and cd25

Question 3

What cytokine is essential for distinguishing treg cells?

Answer 3

Tgfbeta

Question 4

What feature to note about NK cells?

Answer 4

Granules

Question 5

What is the function of High endothelial venules?

Answer 5

Make surveillance of the body for antigen more efficient so all antigen specific lymphocytes can see all the presenting cells coming through with antigen

Question 6

What are the 3 viruses leading to lymphomas and which specific ones do they lead to?

Answer 6

HTLV1: adult T cell leukemia
EBV: burkitt, some HL, B cell lymphomas in the setting of T cell immunodeficiency, and rare NK cell lymphomas
HHV8: unusual B cell lymphoma that presents as a malignant effusion.

Question 7

Regarding lymphomas, which ones most often presents with an enlarged non tender LN?

Answer 7

2/3 of NHL

All HL

Question 8

What do the remaining 1/3 NHL present as?

Answer 8

Symptoms because of extranodal sites

Question 9

What are the 2 neoplasms of immature b and T cells?

Answer 9

B ALL and T ALL

Question 10

What are the 8 neoplasms of mature B cells?

Answer 10

CLL, MM, follicular lymphoma, mantel cell lymphoma, marginal cell lymphoma, burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B cell lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia

Question 11

6 neoplasms of mature T cells or NK cells?

Answer 11

Adult T cell leukemia
Peripheral T cell lymphoma
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma
Extra nodal NK/T cell lymphoma
Mycosis fungoides
Large granular lymphocytic leukemia

Question 12

Primary extranodal lymphomas are more common in NHL or HD? What are the three most common extranodal sites in order of frequency for NHL?

Answer 12

GI, skin, head and neck

Question 13

What is accurate terminology for extranodal/nodal for spleen for HD and NHL?

Answer 13

Extranodal for NHL and nodal for HD

Question 14

What are the two gene mutations in BALL and what is the most common gene mutation in TALL?

Answer 14

RUN X1 and ETV6

NOTCH1

Question 15

What is the most common cancer of children?

Answer 15

ALL

Question 16

Compare prevalence of whites and blacks with ALL? Which ethnic group has the highest incidence of any group getting ALL?

Answer 16

Whites more than blacks

Hispanics

Question 17

Symptoms of acute leukemia are related to what 4 things?

Answer 17

Depression of marrow function, fever, infection and bleeding

Question 18

2 specific symptoms more common to ALL?

Answer 18

Mass effects and CNS manifestations like HA vomiting, nerve palsies

Question 19

What are 5 favorable prognostic factors for ALL?

Answer 19

Age 2-10
Low WBC count
Hyperdiploidy
Trisomies 4,7,10
12;21 translocation

Question 20

4 unfavorable prognostic factors for ALL?

Answer 20

Age under 2
Teen or adult
Peripheral blasts over 100k
9:22 or Philadelphia translocation

Question 21

What is the most common leukemia in adults in the western world?

Answer 21

CLL

Question 22

4 cd markers for CLL?

Answer 22

5,19,20 and 23

Question 23

What is the richter transformation?

Answer 23

CLL or small lymphocytic lymphoma transforms to diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Question 24

What is the most common form of indolent NHL?

Answer 24

Follicular lymphoma

Question 25

What is the most common form of NHL?

Answer 25

DLBCL

Question 26

Two most common mutations of DLBCL?

Answer 26

Dysregulation of BLC6 | Small percentage have the BCL2 translocation of follicular

Question 27

What are the two subtypes of DLCBL associated with herpes virus?

Answer 27

Immunodeficiency associated large B cell lymphoma EBV | Primary effusion lymphoma KSHV/HHV8

Question 28

What is normally expressed predominantly in GC B cells and what is essential for GC formation? Also, DLBCL tumors that have the BCL2 translocation, usually lack what mutation?

Answer 28

BCL6

Question 29

What part of the body is frequently involved with DLBCL and what is uncommon?

Answer 29

Waldeyer ring and extranodal sites are common | BM

Question 30

3 subtypes of burkitt?

Answer 30

African Sporadic HIV

Question 31

Most burkitt lymphomas manifest where?

Answer 31

Extranodal