PVD 3 Flashcards
(76 cards)
1
Q
non-inflammatory peripheral vascular disorders
A
- varicose veins
- raynaud’s phenomenon
2
Q
inflammatory peripheral vascular disorders
- vasculitides
A
- temporal arteritis
- polyarteritis nodosa
- Kawasaki’s disease
- takayasu’s disease
- buerger’s disease
tpktb
total bottoms keep playing together
3
Q
cardiovascular neoplasms
A
- hemangioma
- kaposi’s sarcoma
- cardiac myxoma
4
Q
tunica intima composed of
A
- endothelium
5
Q
tunica media composed of
A
- smooth muscle
6
Q
tunica adventitia composed of
A
- connective tissue
7
Q
definition of varicose veins
A
- dilated, tortuous, superficial veins
8
Q
what veins are generally affected by varicose veins
A
- saphenous
9
Q
risk factors for varicose veins
A
- increased age
- genetics
- standing
- obesity
10
Q
pathogenesis of varicose veins
A
- venous wall weakness
- increased venous pressure
- valve incompetence
11
Q
clinical symptoms of varicose veins
A
- mild-severe
- cosmetic issues
- +/- aching
- +/- skin ulcers
12
Q
which sex most affected by varicose veins
A
- women
13
Q
definition of raynaud’s phenomenon
A
- arterial and arteriolar vasospasm
14
Q
etiology of raynaud’s phenomenon
A
- cold
- emotions
15
Q
which sex is most likely to get raynaud’s
A
- females
16
Q
pathogenesis of raynaud’s
A
- arterial/arteriolar vasospasm in skin
17
Q
which parts of the body most affected in raynaud’s
A
- fingers > toes»_space; nose, ears
18
Q
associations of raynaud’s
A
- part of connective tissue disease
19
Q
what connective tissue diseases can Raynaud’s be associated with
what do we call this association
A
- SLE
- scleroderma
- secondary raynaud’s
20
Q
clinical progression of raynaud’s
A
- pallor (white) -> blue -> red
- (+/-) bilateral, symmetrical
- cold
- paresthesia
- pain
21
Q
treatment of raynaud’s
A
- prevention
- Ca++ channel blockers
- alpha blockers
- vasodilators
22
Q
another name of temporal arteritis
A
- giant cell arteritis
23
Q
which is the most common vasculitis
A
- temporal arteritis
24
Q
which population of people most usually gets temporal arteritis
A
- elderly
- women
25
etiology of temporal arteritis
- idiopathic
26
pathogenesis of temporal arteritis
- focal granuloma formation in med-large arteries
| - forms in branches of carotid
27
which branch of the carotid does temporal arteritis often form in
- temporal
28
associations of temporal arteritis
- 50% have polymyalgia rheumatica
29
clinical symptoms of temporal arteritis
- unilateral throbbing temporal headache
- +/- visual involvement
- self limiting (1-5 years)
30
diagnosis of temporal arteritis
- erythrocyte sedimentation rate
- CRP
- biopsy
- imaging
31
treatment of temporal arteritis
- corticosteroids
32
polyarteritis nodosa normally affects which population
- men
- middle age
PN PENIS - who has problems with their penis? middle aged men!
33
etiology of polyarteritis nodosa
- idiopathic
34
pathogenesis of polyarteritis nodosa
- type 3 immune response = Ag-Ab complex
- fibrinoid necrosis
- thrombosis
- infarct
PN THINK PENIS AGAIN AND THEN TWO PENIS COMING TOGETHER TO FORM THE AG-AB COMPLEX
35
polyarteritis nodosa antigen is often
- Hep B in 30%
36
polyarteritis nodosa affects what
- small arteries (everywhere except lung)
37
polyarteritis nodosa clinical
- constitutional symptoms
| - effects of stenosis/infarcts in varying arteries/organs
38
treatment of polyarteritis nodosa
- corticosteroids
39
Kawasaki disease mostly affects which population
- children
40
Kawasaki disease etiology
- idiopathic
| - incidental infection -> nonspecific immune system activation
41
Kawasaki disease pathogenesis
- systemic necrotizing vasculitis in small-med arteries
| - lymphadenopathy
42
Kawasaki disease clinical
- fever
- rash
- mucosal lesions
- lympadenopathy
43
Kawasaki disease 70% of people have involvement of
- coronary arteries +/- aneurysm
| - acute, self-limiting
44
Kawasaki disease treatment
- IV immunoglobulins
| - aspirin
45
takayasu arteritis also called
- aortic arch syndrome
| - pulseless disease
46
takayasu arteritis mostly affects which population
- females
| - < 40 years old
47
takayasu arteritis etiology
- idiopathic
48
takayasu arteritis pathogenesis
- granulomas inflammation in med-large arteries
- +/- stenosis/thrombosis/aneurysm
- aorta and branches (retinal vessels also)
49
takayasu arteritis clinical
- inflammatory phase -> constitutional symptoms
| - effects of stenosis of varying arteries including decreased pulse
50
decreased pulse is due if arteritis is in which artery
- subclavian
51
takayasu arteritis treatment
- corticosteroids
52
buerger's disease other name
- thromboangitis obliterans
53
buerger's disease epidemiology
most affects
- uncommon
| - men under 40 years old
54
buerger's disease etiology
- tobacco use (smoking)
| - genetics
55
buerger's disease pathogenesis
- acute inflammation in small-med arteries and distal limbs
- inflammation
- thrombosis
- infarcts
56
buerger's disease clinical
- intermittent claudication
- pain
- can progress to ulcers and gangrene
57
buerger's disease treatment
- cease tobacco use
58
hemangioma definition
- benign tumor of the blood vessels
59
which sex is most affected by hemangioma
- females
60
hemangioma histolopathology
- proliferation of endothelium
| - creating large and/or small vascular channels
61
hemangiomas mostly occur on
- skin
- mucous membrane
- internal organs
62
hemangiomas that arise in childhoood
- birthmark
63
hemangioma that arise in childhood and regress by 10 years old
composed of
- strawberry/capillary
| - small vascular channels
64
hemangioma that arise in childhood and don't regress
composed of
- port wine stain/cavernous
| - large vascular channels
65
hemangiomas that arise in adulthood and don't regress
composed of
- cherry
- large vascular channels
people pop their cherry in adulthood
66
Kaposi's sarcoma etiology
- HHV8
67
Kaposi's sarcoma epidemiology
- AIDS
68
Kaposi's sarcoma pathogenesis
- infected endothelial cells -> unregulated growth
69
Kaposi's sarcoma mostly affects which part of the body
- skin
| - mucous membranes (everywhere)
70
Kaposi's sarcoma rashes
- red-purple-brown
- macules-nodules
- any size/shape
71
Kaposi's sarcoma histopathology
- spindle cells (malignant endothelial cells)
| - blood filled vascular spaces
72
cardiac myxoma defintion
- benign neoplasm of primitive connective tissue
73
cardiac myxoma epidemiology
- most common primary neoplasm of the heart
74
cardiac myxoma most affected which part of the heart
left atrium > right atrium > ventricles
75
cardiac myxoma patholgoy
- pedunculated
| - composed of ECM + few tumor cells
76
cardiac myxoma symptoms arise from
- obstruction of blood flow in the involved chamber of the heart
