PWAD 489 Final Flashcards
(54 cards)
First three words of iliad
Menin aeide thea
First seven lines of the Illiad
Sing, goddes, the anger of Peleus’ son Achilleus
and its devastation, which put pains thousandfold upon the Achaians,
hurled in their multitudes to the house of Hades strong souls
of heroes, but gave their bodies to be the delicate feasting
of dogs, of all birds, and the will of Zeus was accomplished
since that time when first their stood in division of conflict
Atreus; son the lord of men and brilliant Achilleus
Book 1 of the Iliad
The poet invokes a muse
the Achaeans sack a Trojan-allied town
Agamemnon takes Chryseis as his prize, and Achilles claims Briseis.
Chryses, Chryseis’s father and a priest of Apollo, begs for her return, but Agamemnon refuses.
Apollo sends a plague upon the Greek camp in retaliation, causing many deaths.
After ten days, Achilles calls for a soothsayer, Calchas, who reveals the cause of the plague as Apollo’s vengeance.
Agamemnon demands Briseis as compensation for returning Chryseis.
Athena intervenes to prevent a duel between Achilles and Agamemnon.
Agamemnon returns Chryseis to her father and sends heralds to take Briseis from Achilles’ tent.
Achilles prays to his mother, Thetis, to ask Zeus to punish the Achaeans.
Thetis promises to appeal to Zeus.
Odysseus returns Chryseis to her father and makes sacrifices to Apollo, ending the plague.
Achilles refuses to participate in battle due to his feud with Agamemnon.
Thetis appeals to Zeus again after twelve days, who reluctantly agrees to aid the Trojans.
Hera becomes angry but is persuaded by Hephaestus not to incite conflict among the gods.
Achilles and agamemnon
achaeans
Apollo
Greek god of the sun. he sends a plagues upon the greek camp when chryses (a trojan priest of his) prays to him
Calchas
A powerful seer among the Greeks who reveals to achilles the cause of the plague sent by Apollo
Athena
goddess of wisdom, warfare, and strategy, who intervenes to prevent a duel between Achilles and Agamemnon.
Hera
wife of Zeus, and patroness of the Greeks,
Nestor
An elderly and wise advisor among the Greeks
Thetis
mother of Achilles, who intercedes on her son’s behalf with Zeus to punish the Greeks for Agamemnon’s actions.
what does nestor do in book 1 of the iliad
Nestor provides counsel and wisdom during the assembly where Agamemnon and Achilles quarrel over the distribution of spoils.
what does thetis do
When Achilles feels aggrieved by Agamemnon’s actions and decides to withdraw from the battle, Thetis appeals to Zeus to punish the Greeks for Agamemnon’s behavior
What happens in book 22 of the Iliad
Hector, the last Trojan outside Troy, feels ashamed to retreat after giving overconfident orders the previous night.
Priam urges Hector to come inside, but Hector refuses.
Achilles returns from chasing Apollo, and Hector confronts him, considering negotiation but realizing the futility.
Hector flees with Achilles in pursuit, circling the city walls three times.
Zeus considers saving Hector, but Athena persuades him otherwise.
Athena, disguised as Deiphobus, convinces Hector to confront Achilles.
Hector and Achilles exchange spear throws.
Hector realizes the gods have betrayed him.
Hector charges Achilles wearing Achilles’ old armor.
Achilles, knowing the armor’s weak points, fatally wounds Hector.
Hector begs Achilles to return his body to the Trojans for burial.
Achilles refuses, opting to let scavenger birds and dogs maul Hector’s body.
Achilles ties Hector’s body to his chariot and drags it through the dirt.
Priam, Hecuba, and Andromache witness the scene from the city walls and mourn Hector’s death.
king priam
King Priam is the last king of Troy during the Trojan War and the father of Hector and Paris
Athena in disguise
Deiphobus
Andromache
wife of hector
who is hector and andromache’s son?
Astyanax
who is hecuba
wife of King Priam of Troy, father of paris and hector
cassandra
daughter of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy. she often makes prophecies about the future which are ignored
leda and the swan
leda is raped by zeus in the form of a swan. She births two children and lays two eggs. One of the children is Helen of Troy.
what happens to astyanax
Achilles throws Astyanax from the walls of Troy,
how does achilles die
Achilles is killed during the Trojan War by Paris, the prince of Troy. Paris shoots Achilles with an arrow, aiming for his vulnerable heel—the only part of his body not invulnerable due to his mother Thetis dipping him in the River Styx as a baby. This act fulfills the prophecy of Achilles’ death, marking the end of the hero’s life and the culmination of his role in the Trojan War.
Patroclus
fights alongside Achilles for the Greeks until Achilles refuses to fight, and then takes Achilles’ armor and helmet into battle. Patroclus tricks the troops into thinking Achilles has returned to lead them, and goes on a killing spree, attempting to take the walls of Troy four times. However, Apollo stops him each time, and he is eventually killed by Hector. Patroclus’s death convinces Achilles to fight again for the Greeks.
who is menelaus
husband of helen. engages in single combat with Paris, the abductor of Helen, during a truce in the Trojan War
