Pysch Chapter Four Flashcards
(21 cards)
US
food presented to the dog
NS
becomes the conditioned stimulus (sometimes) (bell)
UR
dog salivating to food
CR
dog salivating to the bell
higher-order/second-order conditioning
1) pair a second stimulus to the conditioned stimulus and get a conditioned response
2) that added stimulus will now be all it takes to receive the CR
acquisition
initial learning in classical conditioning. NS starts to be connected to a US producing the CR
extinction
over time, the strength of that conditioned response lessens
spontaneous - recovery
over time, the CR will randomly pop up again and be spontaneous
operant conditioning
a form of learning in where the stimulus happens after the behavior is presented (the skinner box, a rat presses a lever and gets food)
4 types of operant conditioning
positive punishment
ADDING something to DECREASE a behavior
4 types of operant conditioning
positive reinforcement
ADDING something to INCREASE a behavior
4 types of operant conditioning
negative punishment
TAKING SOMETHING AWAY to DECREASE a behavior
4 types of operant conditioning
negative reinforcement
TAKING SOMETHING AWAY to INCREASE a behavior
4 schedules of reinforcement
fixed interval
behavior is rewarded after a set amount of time
4 schedules of reinforcement
fixed ratio
set of responses has to occur before behavior is rewarded
4 schedules of reinforcement
variable interval
behavior is rewarded after a random amount of time
4 schedules of reinforcement
variable ratio
number of responses differ before behavior is rewarded
latent learning
type of learning that does not present itself as needed (person gets drivers license but can drive to their friends house by memory)
observational learning
when we learn by watching others
non-associational learning
first type: habituation
behavioral response to a stimulus decreases
non-associational learning
second type: sensitization
behavioral response to a stimulus increases
