Pysch Quiz 5

Question 1

Types of Neurons

Answer 1

Sensory neurons, Interneurons, motor neurons

Question 2

Sensory neurons

Answer 2

Sense info and Carry signals back to brain

Question 3

Interneurons

Answer 3

Make decisions based on where it goes next

Question 4

Motor neurons

Answer 4

Connect the brain back to body and connect to muscle and glands to control what we do next

Question 5

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 5

Somatic NS and Autonomic NS

Question 6

Central nervous system

Answer 6

Brain and Spinal cord

Question 7

Peripheral Nervous system

Answer 7

Consists of nerves that connect muscles, organs and glands to the central nervous system (Somatic NS and Autonomic NS)

Question 8

Somatic NS

Answer 8

carries signals between the CNS and muscles in the body that control movement

Question 9

Autonomic NS

Answer 9

carries signals between the CNS and organs/ glands that regulate involuntary actions and the body’s internal state (composed of Sympathetic NS
Parasympathetic NS)

Question 10

Sympathetic NS

Answer 10

readies the body for action, increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion,
(“Fight or Flight”)

Question 11

Parasympathetic NS

Answer 11

active during rest, Slows heart and breathing rates, stimulates digestion (“Rest and digest”)

Question 12

Spinal cord

Answer 12

Carries sensory information to the brain, and motor control commands back to the body and Manages simple reflexes and movements

Question 13

Brainstem

Answer 13

consists of medulla, pons and midbrain

Question 14

Medulla

Answer 14

helps regulate heart rate and breathing

Question 15

Pons

Answer 15

involved in maintaining balance, and walking

Question 16

Midbrain

Answer 16

involved in modulation of motor activity

Question 17

Thalamus

Answer 17

directs signals passing between the body and brain, called the “relay station of the brain

Question 18

Cerebellum

Answer 18

important for balance, coordination, and pre planned actions, learning motor skills

Question 19

Basal ganglia

Answer 19

used for executing planned actions and Implicated in Parkinson’s disease

Question 20

The limbic system: Hypothalamus

Answer 20

regulates the internal environment of the body by controlling the autonomic NS, and Controls hormone levels, and drive states (hunger, thirst)/ Amygdala, Hippocampus

Question 21

Amygdala

Answer 21

involved in emotion regulation, and fear

Question 22

Hippocampus

Answer 22

important for memory: forming new memories, and spatial memory

Question 23

Spatial memory

Answer 23

how to get places and find your way around

Question 24

the cortex (divided into 2)

Answer 24

Contralaterally organized, and Corpus callosum

Question 25

Contralaterally organized

Answer 25

information from the right side of the body is processed on the left and vice-versa

Question 26

Corpus callosum

Answer 26

band of tissue that connects the two hemispheres and allows them to communicate

Question 27

Primary sensory areas

Answer 27

primary visual cortex, primary auditory cortex, somatosensory cortex; processing of specific sensory input

Question 28

Motor cortex

Answer 28

Sends signals to motor neurons, controls motion, notes by hand

Question 29

Association cortex

Answer 29

Integrate sensory information to perform complex functions

Question 30

Topographic Organization

Answer 30

adjacent portions of cortex control adjacent body parts

Question 31

Penfield homunculus (four lobes)

Answer 31

Frontal lobe, Parietal lobe, Temporal lobe, Occipital lobe

Question 32

Frontal lobe

Answer 32

Involved in motion and higher order cognition, such as reasoning, planning, and language production and mood and personality, Prefrontal cortex, Motor cortex, Broca's area, Parietal lobe

Question 33

Parietal lobe

Answer 33

Important for touch sensation, perception, object recognition, and number representation; Somatosensory cortex

Question 34

Temporal lobe

Answer 34

Important for auditory sensation, understanding language, and storing autobiographical memory; Primary auditory cortex Wernicke's area=language

Question 35

Occipital lobe

Answer 35

Important for vision (yep, just vision); primary visual cortex

Question 36

Aphasias

Answer 36

Loss of ability caused by brain damage

Question 37

Broca's aphasia

Answer 37

inability to produce speech

Question 38

Wernicke's aphasia

Answer 38

inability to comprehend speech

Question 39

Lateralization

Answer 39

some functions processed by only one hemisphere

Question 40

Severe epilepsy

Answer 40

severing corpus callosum, led to: No communication between hemispheres! and Information present in only one side of the brain!