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Q Set C Flashcards

(80 cards)

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1
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A
  • dog tapeworm (goats intermed hosts)
  • CYSTS in liver or lungs
  • rupture cyst d/t trauma –> anaphylaxis
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2
Q

Anisakis

A
  • raw or undercooked fish
  • F, abd pain, V, diarrhea
  • larvae burrow into gastric or SI mucosa (can be removed during endoscopy)
  • can get allergic rxn to worm
  • freezing prevents inf but not allergy
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3
Q

Onchocerca volvulus

A
  • filarial nematode- “River Blindness”
  • itching, subcutaneous nodules (shin, forehead), blindness
  • W & centrla AFrica
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4
Q

Tularemia

A

-pneumonia, rapid onset, pleural involvement, temp-pulse disparity, neg stains, normal WBC
-inhalation of infected rodents - wild game, handlers, muskrats, beavers, rabbits, squirrels
(less sick than plague pna)

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5
Q

BK virus nephropathy dx

A

-renal biopsy: basophilic inclusions

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6
Q

Erythema nodosum leprosum

A
  • complication during 1st yr of tx

- tx: thalidomide

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7
Q

Gastroenteritis outbreaks at recreational water parks

A

Cryptosporidium

resistant to chlorine

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8
Q

Brucella suis

A
  • wild swine hunting
  • fever, myalgias
  • incubation = weeks
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9
Q

Cirrhosis & UGIB

A
  • need ppx abx before endoscopy

- 7 days IV ctx, ideally before endoscopy

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10
Q

Rabies

A
  • given PEP regardless of length of delay

- IG (at bite site as much as possible) + vaccine

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11
Q

Mesenteric adenitis

A
  • looks like appendicitis clinically, but appendix is normal

- Yersinia

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12
Q

Strep gallolyticus

A

-assoc w underlying bowel disease (colon cancer, strongy) so consider colonoscopy

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13
Q

Diphylidium caninum

A
  • dog tapeworm

- fleas

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14
Q

Early lyme disease tx

A

-10-14 days doxy; no need to extend even if still symptomatic at the end

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15
Q

Gastric syphilis

A
  • can be part of secondary syphilis

- large ulcers, multiple; epigastric pain, treponemes on silver stain biopsy

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16
Q

Roseola

A
  • HHV-6; Sixth disease

- infants: high fever then rash or febrile seizures without rash

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17
Q

Rabies

A
  • never too late to give PEP

- vaccine + RIG (bc takes wks for vaccine to kick in)

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18
Q

Helminths causing BILIARY disease

A
  • Ascaris

- liver flukes: Fasciola, Clonorchis, Opisthorchis

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19
Q

CSF shunt infection

A

remove shunt, external drainage, re-shunt when cultures are negative

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20
Q

PJI tx

A
  • 2 stage: remove device, debride, 2-6 wks of treatment, reimplant new device
  • (but depends on age and stability of implants, duration of infection, surrounding soft tissue, organism)
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21
Q

Specificity

A

TN / (TN+FP)

= proportion of UNinfected patients who did NOT have a positive result

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22
Q

Severe HF in endocarditis

A

-immediate surgery even if still bacteremic

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23
Q

Splenic abscess in endocarditis

A

-indication for immediate splenectomy (unless too unstable –> drainage)

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24
Q
  • epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (pain, inflam, F, LAD)

- outbreaks at camps

A

Adenovirus

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25
Lofgren's syndrome
- form of sarcoidosis: triad: - hilar lymphadenopathy - skin nodules (EN) - +/- migratory arthritis
26
Herpes gladiatorum
- vesicular herpes lesions seen in wrestlers & rugby players - traumatic skin to skin contact - head, neck, arms
27
chocolate agar
N gonorrhoeae H influenzae F tularensis
28
requires cysteine
Francisella tularensis | L pneumophila
29
BCYE agar (buffered charcoal yeast extract)
Francisella tularensis | Legionalla pneumophila
30
Regan Lowe & Bordet-Gengou media
Bordetella pertussis
31
Campy agar
Campylobacter
32
Fletcher's medium
Leptospira
33
MacConkey agar
Gram neg rods
34
Shigella
- secondary spread person to person - day cares, residential centers, food borne outbreaks - needs only few orgs - usually F
35
Salmonella typhi
-can transmit person to person, but needs larger # orgs than Shigella
36
Entamoeba histolytica dx
- stool Ag assay | - Gal/GalNac lectin
37
RSV tx
supportive | -contact precautions
38
Parinaud's syndrome
- unilateral conjunctivitis, preauricular LAD | - causes: bartonella, tularemia, sporotrichosis, adeno, chlamydia, sarcoid
39
SJS
<10%
40
TEN
> 30% BSA
41
Chickenpox PEP
- vaccine to most people | - VZIG to susceptible pregnant women or IC
42
Erythema multiforme
- skin + mucous membrane lesions | - Mycoplasma, HSV
43
Acute orchitis
- often viral (ex. mumps after parotitis) | - if bacterial: urinary org + fever
44
MRSA gene
-mecA gene encodes protein PBP 2a
45
PID tx
doxy + metro + ctx
46
Trichomonas tx
7d metro + treat partners | 2nd line - tinidazole 2g x1
47
Reactive arthritis
conjunctivitis, hyperkeratotic lesions on palms + soles, sausage digits, oral ulcers, nail changes, arthritis (asym) -assoc w: Chlamydia (treat), Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella, Campy, HLA B27
48
Pubic lice
- body louse | - tx: permethrin cream
49
C diff dx
PCR + EIA for toxin
50
Flu live vaccine
2-49yo non pregnant people
51
Lyme PEP
- doxy x1 | - within 72 hrs of tick removal
52
Dengue
- incub: 3-14day (shorter than malaria) - Aedes mosquito; daytime - fever then rash, thrombo, leukopenia, HA, retro orbital pain - severe: hemorrhagic fever
53
Nonpurulent cellulitis tx
1st line: cephalexin
54
Hot tub folliculitis
- pseudomonas - also otitis externa - no abx needed
55
cat scratch disease
- bartonella henselae - regional LAD + necrotizing granulomas + abscesses - papule at site of scratch
56
Daycare center diarrhea outbreaks
Giardia
57
Healthy person with diarrhea >2 wks ddx
Giardia, Cyclospora, Amoeba, post-inf irritable bowel
58
Scombroid
histamine overgrowth - facial flushing, palp, N, sweating, D
59
Ciguatera
- tropical fish, dinoflagellate toxins | - abd pain, N, D then later neuro sx: painful teeth, hot/cold temp reversal, paresthesias
60
Neurotoxic shellfish poisoning
- assoc w red tides, shellfish | - similar to ciguatera
61
HSV hepatitis
- marked LFT elevations in pregnant or IC - usually no active signs of HSV - (also consider adeno)
62
Sulfadiazine AE
- crystal induced interstitial nephritis, obstruction from crystals, calculi - used for toxo tx
63
Renal crystals from meds
- sulfadiazine - acyclovir - atazanavir
64
Alcoholic hepatitis
AST:ALT 2:1 | -both <500
65
Behcet's disease
- recurrent painful oral & genital ulcers; eye or skin lesions, pathergy, aseptic meningitis - Asia, East Mediterranean - tx: colchicine
66
Sweet's syndrome
- assoc with AML, IBD - abrupt painless (can be tender) papules/plaques around face/extremities, F then rash - bx: neutrophilic dermal infiltrates
67
Ecthyma gangrenosum
- necrotic skin lesions - Pseudomonas, Fusarium - neutropenic patients
68
Pyoderma gangrenosum
- assoc with IBD | - ulcers with undermined borders, subacute, no fever
69
Paralytic shellfish poisoning
- dinoflagellates in clams/mussels - assoc with non commericially harvested (bc no testing); not destroyed by freezing - parasthesias around mouth/extremities --> paralysis --> risk of resp failure
70
Baylisascaris
- eosinophilic meningitis - eggs in racoon feces - often kids
71
Guillain Barre
- ascending paralysis | - Campy, CMV, EBV, HIV, zika
72
Tetanus ppx
- if previously vaccinated, doesn't need IG, just Td | - Tdap with each pregnancy
73
Plasmodium vivax
- need terminal tx with primaquine or tafenoquine (active against hepatic hypnozoites) - SE Asia
74
Pharyngeal gonorrhea
- ctx | - test of cure in 1-2 wks, re-screen in 3 mo
75
Adenovirus in HSCT
- sx: pna, colitis, hepatitis, hemorrhagic cystitis, nephritis, enceph, dissem dz - RF: T cell depleted graft, GVHD
76
NNT
NNT = 1 / (incidence in UNexposed - incid in exposed)
77
Hazard ratio
HR = (1/prev UNexposed) / (1/prev exposed)
78
PPIs & ART
- avoid rilpivirine + unboosted atazanavir | - if ata boosted --> space 12 hrs apart
79
Temperature-pulse disparity
Coxiella, Mycoplasma, Tularemia, Legionella
80
Q fever
- Coxiella burnetii - pna + hepatitis, thrombocytopenia - inhalation of infected aerosols from cattle/goats/sheep/cats/dogs/rabbits - placenta - incub: 3 wks (longer than legionella)

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