Q4 Prevention, Treatment & Control Flashcards
(15 cards)
What approach do Public health programs undergo?
They implement the RICE approach
What does the RICE approach stand for?
R - Resolution: World Health organisation looking for solutions
I - Information: Info about the pathogen and transmission
C - coordination: Local, regional and global scale efforts
E - Education: People understanding of population at a local, regional and global scale
What are Antiviral Medications?
Antiviral medication controls viral infection (NOT BACTERIA)
- Doesn’t kill the virus, only inhibits its ability to develop
-It slows it down so that nature immunity in the body can finish it
What is Antibiotic Medication?
Medication used to kill or slow down Bacteria (NOT VIRUS)
-can target specific bacteria infections
-used to kill rather then inhibit
- The disadvantage of this is antibiotic resistance: the bacteria becomes resistance due to mutation, due to not taking full course of medication
An example of Antiviral drug? Explain how it works Advantages and disadvantages
Oseltamivir (Tamifu), used to kill influenza A and B and used for preventions. It doesn’t kill viruses, but inhibits its ability to reproduce. E.g) if the virus uses a critically protein to reproduce which the host doesn’t need, an antiviral medication may work to stop the production of that protein
What is an example of a Disease that uses a antiviral drug for treatment?
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is treated using antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Destroys T helper cells, thus makes it difficult for the body to fight off the infection
–> destroy the immune system → causing health decline
Transmission of HIV from a mother to child during pregnancy through breastfeeding is called perinatal transmission
What is an advantage of ART to treat HIV?
- Limits the spread of HIV, by inhibiting the viral ability to multiply
- Controls the viral infection, through immune system
What are the disadvantages of the ART for treating HIV
- Not a cure
- Overuse of ART can lead to the development of viral resistance –> due to mutation
What is a disease antibiotic is used for as treatment?
Urinary tract infections (UTI), cause by Escherichia coli (E.coli) , effects urethra, bladder, vagina or kidneys
Ca be treated by Cephalexin
The advantage of Cephalexin to treat UTIs
- kills bacteria
- relieves the symptoms e.g) pain, urge to pee, buring
- antibiotics are specific to types bacteria
- stops infection from getting worse e.g) streaming to the blood stream
The Disadvantages of Cephalexin to treat UTIs
- Overuse or incomplete course can lead to bacteria resistant to the antibiotic –> impact future treatment
- Can disrupt beneficial bacteria present in the body e.g) in the intestines
How do Antiviral medications work?
Inhibits the virus from multiplying by interfering with the virus’s reproductive cycle. By destroying the production of proteins critical for the virus to survive or reproduce.
How do Antibiotic work?
Works to kill or inhibit the bacteria’s ability to multiply. E.g) the antibiotic might attack critical parts of the bacteria like the cell wall or its DNA
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Antibiotics?
ADVANTAGES
- Can kill bacteria or inhibit its ability to reproduce e.g) attack cell wall or DNA
- Can kill specific types of bacteria
- Prevents the infection from getting worse
NEGATIVE
- possibility of bacteria resistant drugs due to overuse or incomplete course
- Antibiotics can kill good bacteria
What are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Antiviral?
ADVANTAGES
- Inhibit the virus’s ability to reproduce e.g) stop production of certain proteins
- reduce the amount of the virus in the body, thus allowing the immune system to destroy it
DISADVANTAGES
- Viral resistant can develop due to overuse or incompletion of the course
- Viral drugs are not a cure for certain types of viral infections e.g) HIV only manages the infection
