QAS: Drug Therapies Protocol

Question 1

Oxygen: Metabolism

Answer 1

Nil

Question 2

Oxygen: Indications

Answer 2

A wide range of conditions resulting (potentially) in systemic and/or localised hypoxia

Question 3

Oxygen: Contraindications

Answer 3

Paraquat poisoning
Bleomycin therapy

Avoid Oxygen unless Pt is hypoxaemic (SpO2 > 88 %)

Question 4

Oxygen: Side Effects

Answer 4

Hypoventilation in some COPD Pt with hypoxic drive

Drying of mucosal membranes

Question 5

Oxygen: Presentations

Answer 5

Size C: 450 L Oxygen

Size D: 1600 L Oxygen

Question 6

100% Oxygen should be administered for:

Answer 6

Intra-arrest
CO poisoning
Cyanide poisoning
Preoxygenation for RSI

Question 7

Oxygen should be titrated to achieve an SpO2 of 88 - 92% for:

Answer 7

Paraquat toxicity
Bleomycin treatment 
Obesity 
COPD
Cystic fibrosis 
Neuromuscular disease

Question 8

Oxygen should be titrated to achieve an SpO2 of 92- 96% for:

Answer 8

All other presentations

Question 9

Oxygen: Driving accidents

Answer 9

Administer high-flow Oxygen

Question 10

For Pts with COPD, a nebulised salbutamol must be delivered via nebuliser mask at a rate of:

Answer 10

6 L/minute

8 L/ minute for all other Pts

Question 11

Methoxyflurane: Drug Class

Answer 11

Analgesic

Question 12

Methoxyflurane: Pharmacology

Answer 12

Volatile, self-administered inhalation analgesic
Short-term pain relief
Greater propensity to diffuse into fatty tissue

Question 13

Methoxyflurane: Metabolism

Answer 13

By the liver

Excreted by the lungs

Question 14

Methoxyflurane: Indications

Answer 14

Pain

Question 15

Methoxyflurane: Contraindications

Answer 15

Allergy/adverse drug reaction
Pts < 1 year old
History of significant liver/renal disease
History of malignant hyperthermia

Question 16

Methoxyflurane: Precautions

Answer 16

ALOC

Intoxicated

Question 17

Methoxyflurane: Side Effects

Answer 17

ALOC
Cough
Renal/hepatic failure

Question 18

Methoxyflurane: Presentation

Answer 18

3 mL bottle

Question 19

Methoxyflurane: Onset and Duration

Answer 19

Onset @ 1 - 3 minutes

Duration @ 5 - 10 minutes

Question 20

Methoxyflurane: Schedule

Answer 20

Schedule 4 (Restricted drugs)

Question 21

Methoxyflurane: Adult Doses

Answer 21

3 mL
Repeated once after 20 minutes
Total max. dose = 6 mL

Question 22

Methoxyflurane: Paediatric Doses

Answer 22

3 mL

Single dose only

Question 23

Deep sedation has been identified with methoxyflurane administration in Pts < 5 years. T/F?

Answer 23

True

Question 24

Methoxyflurane: Total weekly dose should not exceed:

Answer 24

15 mL

Administration on consecutive days not recommended

Question 25

Paracetamol: Drug Class

Answer 25

Analgesic | Antipyretic

Question 26

Paracetamol: Pharmacology

Answer 26

Aminophenol derivative Exhibits analgesic and antipyretic properties No significant anti-inflammatory activity

Question 27

Paracetamol: Metabolism

Answer 27

By the liver | Excreted by kidneys

Question 28

Paracetamol: Indications

Answer 28

Mild to moderate pain | Fever (causing distress)

Question 29

Paracetamol: Contraindications

Answer 29

Allergy/adverse drug reaction | Pts < 1 month old

Question 30

Paracetamol: Precautions

Answer 30

``` Hepatic dysfunction Soluble tablets (sodium restriction) ```

Question 31

Paracetamol: Side Effects

Answer 31

Nausea

Question 32

Paracetamol: Presentation

Answer 32

Tablet: 500 mg Elixir: 120 mg / 5 mL Soluble tablet: 250 mg

Question 33

Paracetamol: Onset and Duration

Answer 33

Onset @ 10 - 60 minutes | Duration @ 4 hours

Question 34

Paracetamol: Schedule

Answer 34

Schedule 2 (therapeutic poisons)

Question 35

Paracetamol: Route

Answer 35

PO = per oral

Question 36

Paracetamol: Adult Dosage

Answer 36

Mild to moderate pain Fever (causing distress). > 16 years old: 0.5 g - 1 g Presentation: tablet Repeated every 4 hours Total max dose in 24 hours: 4 g

Question 37

Paracetamol: Paediatric Dosage

Answer 37

Mild to moderate pain Fever (causing distress). > 1 month old: 15 mg/kg Presentation: elixir Single dose only > 7 years old: 15 mg/kg Presentation: soluble tablet Single dose only

Question 38

Ibuprofen: Drug Class

Answer 38

NSAID: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

Question 39

Ibuprofen: Pharmacology

Answer 39

Non-selective NSAID Inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins Provides an analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory response

Question 40

Ibuprofen: Metabolism

Answer 40

Metabolised by the liver | Excreted by the kidneys

Question 41

Ibuprofen: Indications

Answer 41

Moderate pain due to acute inflammation and tissue injury

Question 42

Ibuprofen: Contraindicationa

Answer 42

``` Allergy/adverse drug reaction to any NSAID or aspirin Current GI bleeding/peptic ulcers Dehydration or hypovolaemia Renal impairment NSAID-induced asthma Heart failure Pregnancy Angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors Angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARBs) Pt < 13 years old Pt > 65 years old Coagulant medications Diuretic treatment ```

Question 43

Ibuprofen: Precautions

Answer 43

Asthma Hepatic dysfunction History of GI bleeding/peptic ulcers

Question 44

Ibuprofen: Side Effects

Answer 44

Nausea Dyspepsia GI bleeding Dizziness

Question 45

Ibuprofen: Presentation

Answer 45

Tablet, 200 mg

Question 46

Ibuprofen: Onset and Duration

Answer 46

Onset @ 15 minutes | Duration @ 4 - 6 hours

Question 47

Ibuprofen: Schedule

Answer 47

Schedule 2 (therapeutic poisons)

Question 48

Ibuprofen: Route

Answer 48

PO = per oral

Question 49

Ibuprofen may be used in conjuction with:

Answer 49

Paracetamol

Question 50

Ibuprofen: Adult Doses

Answer 50

Moderate pain due to acute inflammation and tissue injury Tablet per oral (200 - 400mg) Must not be administered within 6 hours of previous ibuprofen administration

Question 51

Ibuprofen: Paediatric Doses

Answer 51

QAS are not authorised to administer ibuprofen to paediatric Pts