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QBC Star Results Overview Flashcards

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1
Q

What portions of a CBC will a QB Star give you?

A
  • HCT
  • HGB
  • MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration)
  • WBC
  • Granulocytes and % granulocytes
  • Lymph/Mono and % Lymph/mono
  • Platelets
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2
Q

What does CBC normally include?

A
  • Leukocyte count
  • Erythrocyte count
  • HGB
  • HCT
  • RBC Indices
  • Platelet count
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3
Q

What are the RBC Indices

A
  • MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)
  • MCH (Mean Corpuscular HGB)
  • MCHC (Mean Corpuscular HGB Concentration)
  • RDW (RBC Distribution Width)
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4
Q

What are the normal adult ranges for RBC count?

A
  • Male 4.5-5.9 x 10^6 cells/microL

- Female 4.5- 5.1 x 10^6 cells/microL

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5
Q

What are the normal adult ranges for HGB?

A
  • Males 14-17.5 g/dL
  • Female 12.3-15.3 g/dL
  • Critical value (low) <8 g/dL
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6
Q

What is HGB?

A
  • Main component of the RBC

- Protein that serves as the vehicle for the transportation of oxygen and CO2

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7
Q

What provides a direct indication of oxygen-transport capacity of the blood?

A

Hemoglobin concentration

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8
Q

What are the normal adult ranges for HCT?

A
  • Male: 42-52%

- Female: 37-47%

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9
Q

What is HCT?

A
  • Ratio of the volume of RBC’s to that of whole blood
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10
Q

Which is usually higher, HCT or HGB?

A

HCT is usually 3x more than HGB

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11
Q

What are RBC indices useful for?

A

Evaluation of anemias, polycythemia, and nutritional disorders
- Assess size and HGB content of the RBC

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12
Q

What is the normal and abnormal ranges for platelet count?

A
  • Normal: 150,000-400,000/microL
  • Critical Value (low) < 20,000/cubic mm (risk of hemorrhage)
  • High, > 1,000,000/cubic mm (risk of thrombosis)
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13
Q

What is thrombocytosis?

A
  • Abnormal high platelet count that has many causes such as stress/infection
  • Can also be caused by:
  • Splenectomy
  • Trauma
  • Iron-deficiency anemia
  • Cirrhosis
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14
Q

What is Thrombocytopenia?

A
  • Abnormal low platelet count below 150,000/cubic mm
  • May be caused by
  • TTP/DIC
  • Leukemia
  • Metastatic Cancers
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15
Q

What is the normal range of WBC count with differential?

A

4.5-11.0 x 10^3 cells/cubic mm

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16
Q

What is a critical low/high value for WBC count with differential?

A
  • Low: < 2000/cubic mm

- High: >30,000/cubic mm

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17
Q

What is leukopenia?

A

Low number of WBC’s

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18
Q

What may leukopenia be due to?

A
  • Bone marrow deficiency/failure
  • Collagen-vascular disease
  • Disease of liver/spleen
  • Radiation therapy/exposure
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19
Q

What is leukocytosis?

A

High number of WBC’s

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20
Q

What may leukocytosis be due to?

A
  • Anemia
  • Bone marrow tumors
  • Infectious disease
  • Inflammatory disease
  • Leukemia
  • Severe emotional/physical stress
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21
Q

What is the normal range for neutrophils?

A

50-70%

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22
Q

What is the normal range for bands?

A

0-5%

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23
Q

What is the normal range for eosinophils?

24
Q

What is the normal range for basophils?

25
What is the normal range for monocytes?
1-6%
26
What is the normal range for lymphocytes?
20-40%
27
What are agranular cells made up with?
- Monocytes | - Lymphocytes
28
What must the relative percentages of WBC Differential add up to?
100%
29
What is neutrophilia?
An increase in the percentage of neutrophils due to an acute infection
30
What decreases when neutrophils or bands are increased?
Lymphocytes
31
What is lymphocytosis and what does it indicate?
- Increase in total number of lymphocytes in relationship to total number of WBC's) - Indication of viral infection
32
What is eosinophilia common in?
- Parasitic infections | - Allergic disorders
33
What is anemia?
HCT value <42% in males and <37% in females
34
What is polycythemia?
HCT value >52% in males and >47% in females
35
How is Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration calculated?
HGB/HCT x 100
36
What are granulocytes?
Category of WBC characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm
37
What are granulocytes also called?
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN or PML)
38
What are the 3 different types of granulocytes (granular WBC)?
- Neutrophil granulocytes - Eosinophils granulocytes - Basophil granulocytes
39
How are granulocytes distinguished?
Wright strain
40
What is the most abundant type of granulocyte?
Neutrophil; 50-70% total circulating WBC's
41
What do eosinophils act as?
Phagocytes and modulate inflammatory response
42
Eosinophils are increased with the presence of what?
Helminths
43
What percentage of WBC's is Eosinophils?
0-5%
44
What is the least abundant WBC in the blood?
Basophil, 0-1%
45
What is the second most abundant WBC?
Lymphocyte, 20-40%
46
What are the three different types of lymphocytes?
- Absolute - Atypical - Reactive
47
Overview of absolute lymphocytes?
- Count decreases with age - Finding of >4 billion is defined as lymphocytosis - determined by multiplying % of total lymphocytes by the total leukocyte count
48
What are atypical lymphocytes?
Used to describe malignant appearing cells
49
What are reactive lymphocytes?
Used to describe formed or benign lymphocytes
50
What are the reactive lymphocytes percentage?
< 10%
51
What are reactive lymphocytes also called?
- Immunocytes - Immunoblasts - Turk cells - Downer cells
52
What are some viral causes of reactive lymphocytes?
- Adenovirus - Chickenpox - EBV (Infectious mono) - Hepatitis - Herpes simplex - Herpes zoster - HIV
53
What are some bacterial causes of reactive lymphocytes?
- Brucellosis - Parathyroid fever - Pertussis (whooping cough) - Tuberculosis - Typhoid fever
54
What are some drug reaction causes of reactive lymphocytes?
During recovery of acute infections
55
What are some miscellaneous causes of reactive lymphocytes?
- Acute infectious lymphocytosis - Allergic reaction - Autoimmune diseases - Hyperthyroidism - Malnutrition - Rickets
56
What is an overview of monocytes?
- Formed in bone marrow - Transported by blood - Migrates into tissues - Transforms into histiocyte or macrophage in the tissue
57
The QBC Star is intended for what type of diagnosis?
In vitro

Laboratory (6 decks)

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