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Elizabeth 1558-69 > Qieen, Governent And Religion > Flashcards

Qieen, Governent And Religion Flashcards

(63 cards)

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1
Q

What is nobility

A

(Great landowners)

Wealthy, huge influence, 50 families

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2
Q

What is gentry

A

(Lesser landowners)

Social elite, owned land , no other work , 10,000

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3
Q

What are yeomen

A

Owned there own land

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4
Q

What are Tenant farmers

A

Renter land from land owners

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5
Q

What is the social hierarchy

A

Monarch at top (most important in nobility)
Pyramid determines how much land you owned
Owed respect to above and had respect from below

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6
Q

What percentage of the English population lived or worked in the countryside

A

90%

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7
Q

How could you become a landless labourers or unskilled worker?

A

Bad harvest or an illness

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8
Q

What are merchants and professionals

A

Wealthy
30,000 families
Eg, lawyers and doctors

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9
Q

What are skilled craftsmen

A

Skilled employees + trainees
In guilds on standards of trade
Eg. Carpenter, silversmith

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10
Q

Where were the largest town and most important

A

London

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11
Q

What were women viewed as

A

Wife, obedient, domestic, under authority of man

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12
Q

What beliefs about women did Mary confirm and how.

A

She seemed to have confirmed beliefs that women cant rules

by getting the country into war.

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13
Q

How could Elizabeth address her gender problem?

A

Prove she was as good as a ruler as any man and win over critics

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14
Q

Why did henry Vlll make himself head of church?

A

So he could divorce from his first wife and marry Anne boyeyn

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15
Q

Why did some catholics believe that Elizabeth was illegitimate ti the throne.

A

The pope didn’t authorise his divorce therefore henrys and annes marriage wasnt valid

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16
Q

Why was there little QE. Could do about her illegitimacy problem

A

Because even marriage and children couldnt change her parents illegitimate marriage

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17
Q

WhT did people expect QE, to do (heir probem)

A

Marry quick and have children to ensure political stability

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18
Q

Why did Elizabeth turn down 2 potential husbands in the early weeks of her reign.

A

She was focused on immediate problems of the war with france and religious settlement

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19
Q

Why would QE marrying a nobleman be problematic

A

Could cause anger and jealousy among other nobles

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20
Q

4 examples of the monarchs power

A

Punish criminals
Declare war make peace
Call and dismiss parliament
Regent laws

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21
Q

2 limits to the monarchs power

A

Had to be advised by leading nobles

No full time royal army

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22
Q

What was the court

A

Lived near the monarch

Members of nobility

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23
Q

What did the court do

A

Advise and influence the monarch

Display wealth

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24
Q

What was the secretary of state

A

Closest to the monarch
Advised the queen,

Sir William cecil help the position till 1573

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25
What was parliament
Nobility and gentry QE. Needed consent form new laws and taxes queen summoned parliament
26
Who where the lord lieutenants
Chosen by monarch Nobility and privy council Trained local military Oversaw policies and country defences
27
Who were the justices of the peace
Large land owners Kept law in local areas Unpaid, reported to privy council Made sure all policies happened
28
Why was QE in debt
She inherited 300,000 Edwards war with Scotland and Mary’s with France.
29
What was QE expected to pay
All the costs of running the country and the royal household
30
Where could the monarch potentially get money from
Rent or sale of crown land Fines Taxes
31
(3) probelms of why QE would struggle to make money
Rents where fixed Suffering high levels of inflation Increase tax would risk loosing nobility/gentry support Asking parliament to introduce new taxes would give them too much power
32
Why was it important that QE picked the correct privy council
Picked right = loyal team to help run country | Picked wrong = alienated some of the most powerful men in country
33
Why was the privy council important
Decided on big decisions ( war, religion and marriage) | Responsibility for administration
34
How were France and Scotland linked
They were both catholic
35
Why was there a threat of invasion with France
France was a catholic country and they wanted MQofS to be queen of England so they could invade on her behalf
36
Why was continuing war with France a good thing
Military victory we get the reign off to good start | Victory would end the danger of invasion from France and Scotland
37
Why was making peace with France good
Nothing to suggest that England could win the war | Could not afford to continue sending aid to phillip ll
38
Why had poverty increases throughout the 16th century
England with suffering high levels of inflation there was a slump in trade and many lost their jobs enclosure meant that fewer labourers were needed Henry Vlll closed England’s monetary meaning there was less help for the poor
39
Why was poverty a problem
It was Elizabeth did nothing to tackle poverty unpopularity could increase people living through hardship with more like to join the rebellion
40
How is it shown that Elizabeth thought France war was a problem
She spent a lot of money on preparations which means she took it seriously even though she was in debt
41
Why was poverty less of a problem in 1558
There was a good harvest which gave Elizabeth breathing space
42
How did Elizabeth show that financial weakness was a problem
She severely cut back right from the beginning which shows important
43
What did the catholic religion want in the church
Keep the pope as head of church expensive decorations believe the clergy should not marry and wear a richly decorated robes Bible in Latin
44
What does Protestants want in the church
Queen is head of church less decorative church clergy could marry and wear plain gowns Bibble and English
45
What did puritans want in the church
Didn’t believe in the head of the church very plain church clergy should wear black gowns Bible in English
46
Two reasons why religion was so important in the 16th century
Following the right religion would be rewarded by God | Religion gave people hope and support during times of hardship
47
Why did Elizabeth want everyone to follow the same religion
As division could lead to religious Civil War which would mean in England was weak if invaded
48
Three examples of religious rebellions in the past
Henry the eighth pilgrimage of grace Edward peion and cornwall rebellion Mary first wyatts rebellion
49
Why did many Protestants return home expecting a Protestant country after Mary the first
Elizabeth was Protestant
50
What would happen if the pope excommunicated Elizabeth
Catholic supports were released from obeying her and he could call Catholic powers in Europe to lead in religious crusades to overthrow
51
Why would compromise be difficult in the religious settlement
Catholics couldn’t accept a woman as head of church and puritans didn’t want the church that had decorations of Catholicism
52
Why did Elizabeth rule out a puritan religion
She didn’t want to turn a catholic subjects against her
53
Why was that general acceptance from Catholics and Protestants
There are clear elements in the settlement to please both
54
How did the bishops and clergy respond to the oath( religious settlemen)
Only one Bishop agreed
55
Why did Elizabeth leave part of the settlement open to interpretation
So she could satisfy both religions
56
How did the pope Spain and France respond to the religious settlement
None of them took any action against that settlement which gave Elizabeth time to enforce any laws
57
What did puritans disagree with and the religious settlement (4)
The head of church the Catholic appearance of the church the Bible and services the religious robes
58
Which influential position did puritans hold increasing puritan threat
MPs in the House of Commons and members of the Queens Council
59
How did the puritans tried to persuade in Elizabeth to make changes
Push for removal of too catholic things | Campaigned about wearing plain black gowns
60
Why did Elizabeth refused to agree the puritans wishes
The puritans will never plot to overthrow her will have a foreign country to attack her The puritans were minority
61
How did some Catholics oppose the settlement
They went to mass in secret or they did not go to church services at all
62
Why were the Catholics not a significant threat
If the Catholics were loyal to her Elizabeth would turn a blind eye
63
Why was Catholics potential threat a problem
This was significant because foreign catholic dominance surrounded England

Elizabeth 1558-69 (4 decks)

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