Qs Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is diabetes?
A chronic metabolic disease that causes high blood sugar levels due to insufficient insulin production or ineffective use of insulin.
Diabetes can lead to serious health complications if not managed properly.
What causes diabetes?
Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin or when insulin is not used effectively by the body’s cells.
Glucose builds up in the bloodstream when insulin is ineffective, leading to pre-diabetes or diabetes.
What are the two main types of diabetes?
Type 1 diabetes and Type 2 diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is insulin-dependent, while Type 2 diabetes is often related to lifestyle factors.
Describe Type 1 diabetes.
A lifelong condition where the immune system attacks insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, usually appearing at a young age.
Type 1 diabetes is also called insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Describe Type 2 diabetes.
A condition where the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells do not react properly to insulin, often associated with lifestyle factors and appearing in older adults.
Type 2 diabetes is also known as non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
What is the prevalence ratio of Type 1 to Type 2 diabetes?
Type 2 diabetes is more common at a ratio of 90% to 10% compared to Type 1 diabetes.
This reflects the significant impact of lifestyle on Type 2 diabetes.
What is gestational diabetes?
High blood sugar that develops during pregnancy, which may cause complications for the baby and increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life.
Gestational diabetes usually resolves after childbirth but can lead to a 50% higher risk of Type 2 diabetes within 5 years.
What is MODY diabetes?
Maturity-onset diabetes of the young is a non-insulin-dependent form of diabetes typically diagnosed in young adulthood, often due to a genetic mutation.
MODY is an autosomal dominant disease and has multiple subtypes based on the specific genetic mutation.
Fill in the blank: Type 1 diabetes is also known as _______.
[insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
Fill in the blank: Type 2 diabetes is also referred to as _______.
[non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus]
True or False: Gestational diabetes usually continues indefinitely after childbirth.
False
Gestational diabetes typically resolves after giving birth.
What is a key risk factor for developing Type 2 diabetes?
Lifestyle factors, including diet and physical inactivity.
Type 2 diabetes often develops in individuals in their 40s and beyond.
How is MODY diabetes inherited?
It is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, meaning a child has a 50% chance of inheriting the gene mutation from an affected parent.
MODY is categorized into subtypes (MODY 1 to MODY 14) based on the specific genetic mutation.
