QUALI & QUANTI PART 1 Flashcards
(45 cards)
Qualitative Analytical Chemistry answer the question:
“What is present in the sample?”
Purpose of Qualitative Analytical Chemistry?
Purpose: This is important if we want to know the identity or chemical composition and impurities of the sample.
Quantitative Analytical Chemistry answer the question:
“How much is present in a sample?”
Purpose of Quantitative Analytical Chemistry ?
Purpose: We identify the quantity, amount or percentage of a sample.
Other term of Quantitative Analytical Chemistry ?
Limit Test
*pag pinagsama ang QUALItative and QUANTItative it can be called _______?
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY or in other reference is PHARMACEUTICAL ANALYSIS.
What are the classification based of analysis?
- Based on NATURE OF METHOD
- Based on the SIZE of a sample
- Based on the EXTENT of analysis
- Based on MATERIALS used
What are the 4-classification analysis based in nature of method?
- Chemical/ General/ Classical Method
- Physico-chemical analysis
- Miscellaneous Method
Examples of Chemical/ General/ Classical Method
o Examples: Titration and gravimetry
It’s an instrumentation method and more accurate
- Physico-chemical analysis
Example of Physico-chemical analysis
o Examples: Chromatography (HPLC), polarimeter analysis (useful in determining the optical activity of the sample)
Miscellaneous Method is applicable to ______?
Crude Drug Analysis
Examples of Miscellaneous Method?
- Ash content determination
- Acid value
- “Iodine number” –> used if we want to know the degree unsaturation of a substance
What are the 4-classification analysis based on the SIZE of a sample?
- Ultra-microanalysis
- Microanalysis
- Semi-microanalysis
- Macro-analysis
Tell the sizes of each:
* Ultra-microanalysis
* Microanalysis
* Semi-microanalysis
* Macro-analysis
*Ultra-microanalysis
o Size range: <1mg
* Microanalysis
o Size range: 1-10mg
* Semi-microanalysis
o Size range: 10-100mg
* Macro-analysis
o Size range: 100mg-1000mg
Remember if the sizes is pababa ng pababa mas palaki ng palaki ang range
What are the 3-classification analysis based on the Extent of analysis?
- Proximate analysis
- Ultimate analysis
- Partial analysis
What extent analysis is this?
“Total class” pangkalahatan (total amount/ingredients)= MIXTURE CONSTITUENT
Proximate analysis
What extent analysis is this?
“Specific component” = SINGLE CONSTITUENT
Ultimate analysis
What extent analysis is this?
o Selected constituent are being determined
o Kalagitnaan ng proxi and ulti
Partial analysis
What are the 3-classification analysis based on MATERIALS used?
- Chemical: we used “chemical reagents”
- Physical: application of “physical constants” (Boiling Point, Melting Point)
- Biological: applicable in animals such performing bioassay or test animals
What are the basic principle of analysis in accordance to pH?
o Protolysis:
has a separation of proton. Similar to term ionization.
Has a release of proton
o Autoprotolysis:
Example: water
H2O + H2O =H3O+ (hydronium ion, represents the H+ and its acid) + OH- (basic)
Has a presence of both acid and basic
o Amphoteric:
Type of substance that has an ability to exhibit acidity and basicity.
This is a type of solution that can resist the pH
Buffer
Buffer aka
Henderson-Hasslebalch equation
It is responsible for the quantitative expression
“Van slyke”
o ↑ Buffer capacity= ↓ change in pH (ideal na mas mataas ang BC coz it proves decrease change of pH, which is the target since we resist the change in pH)
