Qualitative approach

Question 1

What are the 4 main concepts within phenomenology?

Answer 1

Natrual attude, Epoche, lifeworld and intentionallity

Question 2

How would you describe intentionallity?

Answer 2

Intentionally is the physical acts someone engages in, in relation to objects (that are experienced).

Question 3

What are examples of physical acts in intentionallity?

Answer 3

remembering, seeing, feeling, hearing, imagining etc

Question 4

Physical acts are about intentional objects; true or false.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

What are intentional objects?

Answer 5

They are what the phsycial acts are about, for example she remembers (physical act) the couple drinking coffee (intentional object- this is what her memeory was about)

Question 6

What is natural attitude?

Answer 6

The common sense way of thinking in which we think that the world we experience is exactly how external reality is.

Question 7

Do phenomonologists believe everyone’s world is the same in terms of reality?

Answer 7

Not really, they believe we live in a shared world but that any experience we have is our own experience

Question 8

What are phenomenologists interested in?

Answer 8

They’re interested in people’s individual subjective experiences.

Question 9

What does Epoche mean?

Answer 9

To step back from assumptions that there is a real world beyond our experience. In other words, to step back judmentally from the idea that there is one reality. You’re ‘stepping back’ to be able to focus on people’s subjective experiences

Question 10

What does Epoche allow phenomenologists to do?

Answer 10

concentrate on individuals conscious experience involving their subjective perceptions, feelings and emotions, thoughts or interpretations

Question 11

If that natural attidue assumes that we are all part of an external reality, what does phenomenology add to this?

Answer 11

That the world, if we are to experience, must also be part of our consciousness (the world is in us)

Question 12

What is lifeworld?

Answer 12

‘lifeworld’, which is used in phenomenological analysis to describe the main object of analysis: what an experience means to a person, and their lived world. The lifeworld refers to the context in which experiences happen (the four main dimensions) and which shapes those experiences.

Question 13

Why does the concept of lifeworld make phenomenology relevant to social psychology?

Answer 13

It stresses that there is no such thing as an individual with no context.

Question 14

What’s an example of lifeworld?

Answer 14

The relationships people have in their social world

Question 15

What’s an example of the natural science approach?

Answer 15

Studying the biological reasons for a certain outcome

Question 16

What is (p) person grammar and (m) molecule grammar?

Answer 16

Each has their own distinctive language, Person grammar is used in social science and molecule grammar is used in natural science

Question 17

In qualitative phenemenological research, what ten aims should be focused on when studying how people use to make sense of themselves and their world?

Answer 17

Language, experience, relationships with others, power and desire, relationships with objects, space and place, imagery, temporality meaning, embodiment

Question 18

Does natural science step into or step back from people’s individual experience?

Answer 18

Step back

Question 19

What type of research questions do qulitative questions ask?

Answer 19

Exploritory questions

Question 20

Does discrusive psychology require you to take a second step back (given that it is almost a step beyond phenomenological research)? If so, why?

Answer 20

Yes because it focuses more on the specific language people use to describe situations or experiences

Question 21

Discursive psychology requires you to step back from experience and into discourse (language): true or false?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

What do discurisve research questions focus on?

Answer 22

They focuson

Question 23

What are the two categories that phenomenological research can be devided into?

Answer 23

Descriptive and hermeneutic (interpretative)

Question 24

What is a phenomenological reduction?

Answer 24

where the phenomenom is approached with phenomenological attiude

Question 25

What does ecological mean?

Answer 25

Ecological - how individuals interact with their environment, including social, cultural, and physical factors, and how these interactions influence behavior and development.

Question 26

What dimension of the lifeworld are there?

Answer 26

Spatiality, temporarlity, embodiment and sociality

Question 27

What is spaciality?

Answer 27

Our experiences are shaped by the place in which they happen and the objects that are in that place; for example, cities (the volume of traffic, people and buildings) might be experienced differently from the countryside (with more green open space).

Question 28

What is temporality?

Answer 28

This refers to the subjective experience of the passing of time. You might recall an experience when time seemed to drag or when it passed quickly. The perception of time is very much tied to what is being experienced and how we experience it.

Question 29

What is sociality?

Answer 29

The relationships we have with particular people become relevant to certain experiences and contribute to how we make sense of our experiences.

Question 30

What is embodiment?

Answer 30

There are different social meanings for how we understand our bodies in research. Bodies differ because of several aspects, such as sex, disability, ethnicity, and so on. The social meanings we attach to such differences contribute to how we make sense of others’ bodies as well as our own.

Question 31

Are bracketing and epoche the same thing? If so, what do they mean?

Answer 31

Yes, they are. They mean to step back from your judgments and preconceptions and look at the topic from persons perspective.

Question 32

True or false: A phenomenological analysis builds on the steps of thematic analysis by applying phenomenological concepts to interpret the data. For instance, you can look at your themes through the lens of the dimensions of the lifeworld to see how one or more of these might illuminate some aspect of the phenomenon you seek to investigate.

Answer 32

True