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RICS APC 2023 > Quantification & Costing > Flashcards

Quantification & Costing Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of NRM2?

A
  1. Provides a standard set of document for the procurement of buildings works
  2. Rules for the BOQ preperation
  3. Controlling Costs (PTE, PC, CP, Var)
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2
Q

What is the purpose of BQ?

A
  1. Provides a co-ordinated list of items
  2. Enables contractors to prepare tenders
  3. Provides a basis for the valuation of works and variation
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3
Q

What are the types of BoQ?

A
  1. A Firm BQ, with accurate quantities
  2. Approximate BQ, with no sufficent Details
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4
Q

What is the Purpose of NRM?

A
  1. Provides a commmon and consistent basis for the preperation of Cost Estimates & Cost Plans
  2. Provides the QS with a means of defence in case of negligence - Represents best practise
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5
Q

Define NIA

A

Net Internal Area
Area of usable space to the internal face of the perimeter wall at each floor level

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6
Q

What is excluded in NIA?

A
  • Structual walls
  • columns
  • corridors
  • circulation space

Any spave that does not produce an income

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7
Q

Define GIA

A

Gross Internal Area
Area of a building measured to the internal face of the perimeter wall at each floor level

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8
Q

What is excluded in GIA?

A

Balconies & Fire Escapes

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9
Q

Define GEA

A

Gross External Area
Area of the building measured to the external face of the perimeter wall at each floor level

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10
Q

Talk me through the NRM difffernces between 1, 2 & 3

A

NRM1 - Order of Cost Estimating and Cost Planning
NRM2 - Detailed Measurement fo Building Works
NRM3 - Building Maintainance Work

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11
Q

What is IPMS and its purpose?

A

International property measurement standards. Introduced to standardise property measurement accross the worls

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12
Q

How do you quanity internal partitions?

A

Section 2.7 of NRM1, details including the thickness to be stated.
Measured in m2 on the centre line, no deductions made for openings

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13
Q

How do you measure steel. What is the current cost?

A

Measure beams, columns, upper floors, steel members.
Understand kg/m or m2 to equate to an oer tonnage for each member
£2,000/t

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14
Q

Which NRM should you use for building estimates and cost plans?

A

NRM 1 for order of cost estimates and cost planning

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15
Q

Purpose of NRM 1

A

Provides guidance on the quantification of building works for the purpose of preparing cost estimates and cost plans. It is the corner stone of good cost management of construction projects, enabling more effective and accurate cost advice to be given to Clients and other project team members as well as facilitating better cost control.

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16
Q

Purpose of NRM 2

A

Is written mainly for the purpose of preparing BoQ and quantified schedules of works, although the rules will be invaluable for designing and developing standards or bespoke schedules of rates.

17
Q

Purpose of NRM 3

A

Give guidance on the quantification and description of maintenance works for the purposes of preparing initial order of cost estimates. The rules also aid the procurement and cost control of maintenance works

18
Q

What is the structure of NRM1?

A
  1. General Introduction
  2. Measuremet rules for order of cost estimating
  3. Measurement rules for cost planning
  4. Tabulated rules for measurement of elemental cost planning
  5. Appendices
19
Q

What is the structure of NRM 2?

A
  1. General Introduction
  2. Detailed Measurement of building works
  3. Rules for measurement of building works
  4. Appendicies
20
Q

What is the structure of NRM 3?

A
  1. General introduction
  2. Measurement rules for building maintenance
  3. Measurement rules for order of cost estimating
  4. Cost planning for R and M works
  5. Calculation of annualised costs for R & M works
  6. Elemental cost planning
  7. Appendices
21
Q

Why is it important to measure the works in accordance with industry standards and best practice?

A

To provide consistency and greater accuracy of pricing and to ensure that all parties price on the same basis and therefore reduce the risk of dispute.

22
Q

Is it mandatory for surveyors to follow the procedures set out in NRM?

A

No. NRM is not used for the measurement of civil engineering works. CESMM is used to measure those works (or is often better suited to measuring them). Additionally if work is bespoke to construction or civil engineering it may not be covered under either standard method of measurement. And while it is not mandatory to use an SMM, it will promote constancy, trust and may reduce disputes in the industry.

If a claim is made against a surveyor an adjudicator or the courts are likely to take into account the contents of any relevant guidance notes published by the RICS in deciding if the surveyor has acted in with reasonable competence.

23
Q

How is risk dealt with under NRM?

A

It recommends not using a risk percentage. The risks should be fully taken into consideration against completeness of the design and extent of site investigation.
798 What are the four risk categories under NRM?
1. Design development
2. Construction
3. Employer change
4. Employer other

24
Q

What is an order of cost estimate?

A

NRM1 defines it as an estimate based on benchmark date for a similar type of project based on a Clients strategic definition or initial brief. The purpose is to establish affordability of a proposed development. It takes place prior to a full set of working drawings being produced. It forms the initial build up to the cost planning process. Order of cost estimates are a method of cost prediction.

25
Q

Which RIBA stage is the order of cost estimate produced?

A

Stage 1 Preperation and Briefing

26
Q

What are the RIBA stages of work?

A
  1. Strategic definition
  2. Preparation and brief (CE)
  3. Concept design (CP)
  4. Spatial coordination (CP)
  5. Technical design (CP)
  6. Manufacturing and Construction
  7. Handover
  8. In use
27
Q

What is the difference between an order of cost estimate and a cost plan?

A

An order of cost estimate is prepared using the Clients strategic definition or initial brief usually without a full set of working drawings. Usually based on m2 rates or other functional units. A cost plan will be based on a set of working drawings. A cost plan is an estimate based on a specific design.

28
Q

What is a cost per functional unit?

A

This takes the total cost of a building and spreads it across a number of functional units to give an indication of price per…. These costs usually are given in ranges to allow for a number of factors. One example would be if a hotel cost £1 million to build 100 bedrooms, then the cost per room would be £10,000.

29
Q

What information should be included with an order of cost estimate?

A
  • Covering letter
  • Executive summary
  • Cost limit
  • Specification notes
  • Assumptions
  • Exclusions
  • Drawings and other information used
  • Schedule of value enhancing options
  • Risk register
  • Cash flow information
30
Q

What is a cost plan?

A

An estimate based on a specific design. A statement showing an apportionment of an estimate between cost headings. This will not necessarily be in elemental form. Cost planning is a method of cost prediction.

31
Q

Other than predicting the final project cost, what other benefits does a cost plan provide the project team?

A

Other than predicting the final project cost, what other benefits does a cost plan provide the project team?

32
Q

What sources of cost information and data are available when preparing a new estimate or cost plan?

A
  • BICS
  • Historic market data
  • Current market data (speaking with contractors/subcontractors
  • Pricing books such as SPONS
  • Cost analysis and cost models
  • Existing Client information – Benchmarking
33
Q

How do you take into account the project location and why?

A

The BCIS provides location based indices. Construction projects in different areas of the county may have a different cost due to factors like:
* Cost and availability of labour
* Access to resources (plant and materials)
* Access to infrastructure (roads, rail and runways)

34
Q

What is a cost plan risk allowance?

A

A pot of money set aside to deal with a known risk. For example contaminated ground

35
Q

A pot of money set aside to deal with a known risk. For example contaminated ground

A
  • Consultant fees:
  • Design team fees
  • Other specialist consultants
  • Surveys
  • Contractor fees:
  • Management and staff
  • Specialist support staff
  • Contractor/subcontractor design fees
  • Framework fees
36
Q

What benefit does the Client get out of accurate cost planning?

A
  • Confirms of the scheme is affordable.
  • Ensures the Client is in an informed position to make informed decisions.
  • Can help with VM or VE decisions
37
Q

How would you deal with a cost plan that is over budget?

A
  • Discuss with the Client
  • Identify areas where potential savings could be made (material specification)

RICS APC 2023 (6 decks)

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