Quantum Computing Flashcards
What is Quantum Computing?
Quantum computing uses quantum mechanics principles like superposition, entanglement, and interference to perform complex computations beyond the capabilities of classical computers.
How do qubits differ from classical bits?
Classical bits: Represent either 0 or 1.
Qubits: Exist in multiple states simultaneously (superposition), allowing for parallel computations.
What are the key principles of quantum computing?
Superposition: Qubits exist in multiple states at once, increasing computational power.
Entanglement: Qubits are interconnected, enabling synchronized operations regardless of distance.
Quantum interference: Helps enhance correct solutions while minimizing incorrect ones.
What are quantum gates?
Quantum gates manipulate qubits by applying mathematical operations, enabling computations similar to logic gates in classical computing.
Will quantum computing replace classical computing?
No, quantum computers will complement classical computers. Quantum computing excels at complex mathematical problems, while classical computers are more efficient for general computing tasks and data storage.
What industries benefit from quantum computing?
Pharmaceuticals: Drug discovery and personalized medicine.
Finance: Optimized risk assessment and investment strategies.
Cybersecurity: Development of quantum-resistant cryptographic methods.
Manufacturing & Logistics: Optimization of supply chain and resource allocation.
Artificial Intelligence (AI): Enhancing machine learning capabilities.
What are real-world applications of quantum computing?
Medical Research: Polaris Quantum Biotech uses quantum computing for drug discovery.
Cybersecurity: Quantum cryptography improves secure communication.
Logistics: Volkswagen developed quantum-based live-traffic routing systems to optimize transportation.
Financial Services: Quantum algorithms are used for fraud detection and portfolio optimization.
What are the competing technologies to quantum computing?
Supercomputers: High-performance classical computers that process vast amounts of data in parallel.
Neuromorphic Computing: Mimics brain function for energy-efficient real-time processing.
AI Hardware: Uses advanced machine learning to solve complex problems without quantum processing.
What are the challenges and limitations of quantum computing?
Quantum decoherence: Qubits are highly sensitive to environmental disturbances.
Error rates: Requires advanced error correction mechanisms.
Scalability issues: Current quantum computers only have a few hundred qubits, limiting practical applications.
High costs: Quantum hardware requires significant investment.
What are the security concerns related to quantum computing?
Encryption vulnerabilities: Shor’s algorithm could break current cryptographic systems.
Data security risks: Financial institutions and governments may need quantum-resistant encryption.
Power inequality: Access to quantum computing is limited to major corporations and governments.
How can businesses adopt quantum computing?
Use cloud-based quantum services (IBM Quantum, Google Quantum AI, AWS Braket).
Invest in post-quantum cryptography to secure sensitive data.
Train employees in quantum programming and partner with quantum research institutions.
What is the future of quantum computing?
Hybrid computing models: Integration of quantum processors (QPUs) with classical processors.
More accessible quantum-as-a-service (QaaS) solutions.
Breakthroughs in quantum cryptography and artificial intelligence.
Advancements in quantum hardware to scale up qubit numbers.
