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QUARTER 1 Flashcards

(71 cards)

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1
Q

The crust is also called as the?

A

Lithospere

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2
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Low density means cold

A

FALSE.

Low density is hot whil high density is cold

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3
Q

Molten rocks go up because its temperature gets high into the astenoshpere.

A

Inner core

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4
Q

Asthenospere is also called?

A

Upper Mantle

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5
Q

Two types of crust.

A

Oceanic and Continental

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6
Q

This type of crust is made of basalt, thinner, and has a high density.

A

Oceanic Crust

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7
Q

What is continental crust made of?

A

Made of granite

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8
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Continental crust is thicker but has low density than Oceanic crust.

A

TRUE

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9
Q

This type of boundary moves away from each other.

A

Divergent Boundary

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10
Q

What is created as magma solidifies?

A

A new crust

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11
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

A new crust is hot while an old crust is cold/cool.

A

TRUE

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12
Q

This type of plate boundary creates a new crust.

A

Divergent Boundary

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13
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Convergent Boundaries move away from each other.

A

TRUE

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14
Q

Give the 3 types of convergent boundaries.

A

Oceanic-Oceanic
Continental-Continental
Continental-Oceanic

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15
Q

The old crust goes down and is melted down. It causes underwater volcanoes.

A

Subduction

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16
Q

Plates that move sideways past each other.

A

Transform Boundary

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17
Q

In this plate, there is no magma, volcano, or a rift valley but has a lot of earthquakes and tsunami. Example of this is the San Andreas fault.

A

Transform Boundary

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18
Q

The earth is made up of layers. This layers has 2 types which is the?

A

Compositional and Mechanical

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19
Q

Parts of compositional

A

crust, mantle, core

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20
Q

Parts of mechanical

A 
Lithosphere
Asthenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer core
Inner core
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21
Q

He believed 200 million years ago that continents are joined together.

A

Alfred Wegener

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22
Q

Continents were once joined togther and is called?

A

Pangaea

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23
Q

Pangaea is a greek word which means?

A

All the Earth

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24
Q

It states that the Earth’s outer mechanical layer, the lithosphere, is divided into large continent-szied plate that is constantly moving. It moves 1-2 inches per year.

A

Plate Tectonic Theory

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25
TRUE OR FALSE Continental Crust is older that Oceanic Crust.
TRUE
26
It is the thinnest and outermost layer of the earth that extends from the surface to about 32km below.
Crust
27
This type of crust is made up of silicon, oxygen, aluminum, calcium, sodium and potassium.
Continental Crust
28
What are the 3 types of seismic waves that earthquake releases?
Primary (P-waves) Secondary (S-Waves) Long Surface Waves (L-Waves)
29
TRUE OR FALSE P and S waves travel on the surface.
FALSE P and S-waves travel into the Earth's interior. The L-waves is the one that travels on the surface.
30
What is the formula for the lag time or the distance of a seismic station from an earthquake?
S-wave minus P-wave
31
What is the formula for the distance of the epicenter to the different station?
d= td over 8 seconds x 100 km td stands for lag time
32
In an earthquake, what time of wave arrives first at the seismic station?
P wave
33
What is the interval time between the time of arrival of P wave and S wave at a distance of 100km?
8 seconds
34
An epicenter can be determined using this method.
Triangulation method
35
It is the sudden shaking of the ground caused by the pressure between 2 moving plates.
Earthquake
36
An instrument used to record even the tiniest earthquake.
Seismograph
37
This creates pressure that is released in the lithosphere in the form of earthquakes or volcanic activity.
Shifting of plates
38
What are the 3 factors that affect the earthquake and volcanic activity distribution?
Plate boundaries Presence of active volcanoes The place is along the fault line
39
Earthquakes in the Philippines could occur along?
Philippines trench Manila trench Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) Valley Fault System (VFS)
40
Give examples about the dangers from eruption
Pyroclastic flows, avalanches of hot rocks, ash and toxic gas, and lahars.
41
It is a vent from which magma, gases, and volcanic ash escape to Earth's surface through faults in the crust.
Volcano
42
An volcano is considered active if?
It erupted within historical times within 600 years or within the last 10,000 years.
43
2 kinds of volcano opening.
Crater- funnel shaped | Caldera
44
6 types of Volcano.
Shield- mostly lava or magma Cinder- most common type of volcano, mountain like, accumulated by lava fragments Composite or Strato- perfect slope nearly perfect cone Fissure- opening/crack Caldera Dome
45
A series of mountains or hills ranged in a line connected by high ground.
Mountain range
46
Group of mountains with similarity in form, structure, and alignment.
Mountain belt
47
It is where most mountain ranges are formed
Convergent boundary
48
It is a mountain range that is found in Asia.
Himalayas
49
It is the highest and most extensive mountain range system of Europe.
The Alps Mountain Range
50
This mountain range stretches around 2500km through Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
The Atlas
51
The longest continental mountain range in the world.
The Andes
52
A mountain range found in western North America.
The Rockies
53
General term used by geologist to describe mountain building process.
Orogeny
54
Why is understanding the types of plate boundaries significant?
Because along these boundaries deformation of the lithosphere's happens which has a great impact to the people and the environment.
55
This where crust come together.
Convergent Boundaries
56
What plate sinks below when two oceanic plates collide?
The denser plate
57
Effects of oceanic-oceanic convergent boundary
zone of progressively deeper earthquakes oceanic trench chain of volcanic islands destruction of oceanic lithosphere
58
TRUE OR FALSE The denser oceanic plate plunges beneath the continental plate.
TRUE
59
These are known as continental arc.
Volcanoes
60
It is where hot mantle material upwells in a convection cell.
Mid-ocean ridge
61
Effects of oceanic-continental convergent boundary
Ocean trench A line of volcanic eruptionsa few 100 miles from the shoreline Destruction of oceanic lithosphere Zone of earthquake activity that is shallow along the continent margin but deepens beneath the continent
62
This type of convergent boundary creates some of the world's largest mountain ranges.
Continental-continental
63
Effects of continental-continental convergent boundary
Intense folding and faulting Broad folded mountain range Shallow earthquake activity Shortening and thickening of the plates within the collision zone
64
Also called submarine valleys.
Trench
65
Eruption of molten rock (magma) onto the surface of a planet.
Volcanism
66
A long, steep-sided, narrow depression on the floor.
Trenching
67
Part of the continental crust that has shallow water.
Continental shelf
68
The extreme southeastern portion of the Eurasian plate, which is a part of Southeast Asia is a continent shelf. This region is called?
Sunda Shelf aka Sundaland block of the Eurasian plate
69
A complex belt of volcanoes extending from the Coastal Range of the Southeastern Taiwan.
The Luzon arc
70
Are points on Earth's surface located directly above the focus of an earthquake.
Epicenters
71
Group of geographically related mountains.
Mountain Belt

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