Quarter 1 Exam Study Guide Flashcards
(36 cards)
What was the primary purpose of the Albany Congress in 1754?
To secure an alliance with the Iroquois Confederacy and help develop a response to the French presence of the Ohio Country.
Who proposed the Albany Plan of Union in 1754?
Benjamin Franklin
What was determined as a result of The Peace of Paris?
France surrendered its North American empire.
The Proclamation Line of 1763 proclaimed what?
All lands west of the Appalachian Divide off- limits to colonial settlers
What was the purpose of the Navigation Acts?
The Navigation Acts (1651, 1660) were acts of Parliament intended to promote the self-sufficiency of the British Empire by restricting colonial trade to England and decreasing dependence on foreign imported goods
The colonial outcry of “no taxation without representation”is in relation to what?
In short, many colonists believed that as they were not represented in the distant British parliament, any taxes it imposed on the colonists (such as the Stamp Act and the Townshend Acts) were unconstitutional and were a denial of the colonists’ rights as Englishmen since the Magna Carta.
How does “Salutary neglect” affect the colonists before and after the French and Indian War?
Salutary neglect allowed the colonies to create and maintain foreign trade relationships, which resulted in their economic growth and prosperity
Know the definition and significance of the Pontiac’s Rebellion, Enlightenment, primogeniture
Pontiac’s Rebellion led to Britain’s Proclamation of 1763, which stated that colonists could not settle west of the Appalachian Mountains. A result of Pontiac’s Rebellion. It forbade white settlement west of the Appalachians to reduce friction between Native American and settlers. The Enlightenment, which originally took hold in Europe, encouraged people to value logic and reason more than just taking things at face value or accepting them by faith. People such as philosophers John Locke and David Hume led the movement. This ultimately led to a decline in faith, and often, a decline a piety. Primogeniture: The legal principle that the oldest son inherits all family property or land.
Know 2 main imperial policies that British soldiers were intended to carry out as a result of the Quartering Act of 1765
Under the Quartering Act of 1765, Great Britain compelled the colony of Massachusetts to quarter British soldiers sent to Boston in 1768. Boston was already a hotbed of revolutionary activity and had erupted in a series of riots against the Stamp Act in 1765.
Know the Currency Act, Stamp Act, Declaratory Act, the Townshend Acts, and the Intolerable/Coercive Acts
the British Parliament passed the 1764 Currency Act which forbade the colonies from issuing paper currency. This made it even more difficult for colonists to pay their debts and taxes. Soon after Parliament passed the Currency Act, Prime Minister Grenville proposed a Stamp Tax. The Stamp Act It taxed newspapers, almanacs, pamphlets, broadsides, legal documents, dice, and playing cards. Issued by Britain, the stamps were affixed to documents or packages to show that the tax had been paid. To help pay the expenses involved in governing the American colonies, Parliament passed the Townshend Acts, which initiated taxes on glass, lead, paint, paper, and tea. The Coercive Acts of 1774, known as the Intolerable Acts in the American colonies, were a series of four laws passed by the British Parliament to punish the colony of Massachusetts Bay for the Boston Tea Party.
What was the main point of the Virginia Resolves?
The resolutions opposed the federal Alien and Sedition Acts, which extended the powers of the federal government. They argued that the Constitution was a “compact” or agreement among the states. Therefore, the federal government had no right to exercise powers not specifically delegated to it.
How did women contribute to the Colonial Patriot Cause?
Women performed crucial tasks in the American Revolution, organizing fundraising drives, supplying the troops, working in the military camps, and tending to the wounded soldiers.
Understand the famous propaganda etching from Paul Revere displaying the Boston Massacre
It showed an organized and sneering line of British soldiers firing on unarmed innocents in response to obvious orders from Captain Thomas Preston.
The Sons of Liberty and their role in the Boston Tea Party
In 1773, colonists famously protested taxation without representation by dressing up as Native Americans to dump tea imported by the British East India Company into the harbor.
Patriots
Loyalist
Patriots: colonists who rebelled against British control during the American Revolution.
Loyalists: colonists of the American revolutionary period who supported, and stayed loyal, to the British monarchy.
Thomas Paine’s Common Sense
Common Sense was a pamphlet written by Thomas Paine that convinced many colonists to support independence. The main idea was that the American colonies should become independent of Britain.
Olive Branch Petition
The Olive Branch Petition was adopted by Congress on July 5, 1775, to be sent to the King as a last attempt to prevent formal war from being declared. The Petition emphasized their loyalty to the British crown and emphasized their rights as British citizens. The Congress met according to adjournment.
Declaration of Independence
Declaration of Independence, in U.S. history, document that was approved by the Continental Congress on July 4, 1776, and that announced the separation of 13 North American British colonies from Great Britain.
Second Continental Congress
The Second Continental Congress assumed the normal functions of a government, appointing ambassadors, issuing paper currency, raising the Continental Army through conscription, and appointing generals to lead the army.
Significance of the Battle of Lexington and Concord and the Battle of Saratoga
The Battles of Lexington and Concord on 19 April 1775, the famous ‘shot heard ‘round the world’, marked the start of the American War of Independence (1775-83). Politically disastrous for the British, it persuaded many Americans to take up arms and support the cause of independence. The Battle of Saratoga was a turning point in the Revolutionary War. The American defeat of the superior British army lifted patriot morale, furthered the hope for independence, and helped to secure the foreign support needed to win the war.
Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation were adopted by the Continental Congress on November 15, 1777. This document served as the United States’ first constitution. It was in force from March 1, 1781, until 1789 when the present-day Constitution went into effect.
Significance of the Northwest Ordinance
The Northwest Ordinance chartered a government for the Northwest Territory, provided a method for admitting new states to the Union from the territory, and listed a bill of rights guaranteed in the territory.
Shays’ Rebellion
Shays’s Rebellion, (August 1786–February 1787), uprising in western Massachusetts in opposition to high taxes and stringent economic conditions. Armed bands forced the closing of several courts to prevent execution of foreclosures and debt processes.
Significance of The Federalist Papers
The Federalist Papers are considered one of the most important sources for interpreting and understanding the original intent of the Constitution
