Quarter 1 Final

Question 1

what general atom has the same number of protons and electrons, but a different number of neutrons and a different mass

Answer 1

isotope

Question 2

german for “building up”. electrons have to fill orbitals of lowest energy first

Answer 2

aufbau principle

Question 3

electrons occupy each orbital before pairing occurs

Answer 3

hund’s rule

Question 4

each orbital can only hold two electrons and have opposite spins

Answer 4

pauli exclusion principle

Question 5

the is 1s orbital, it holds…

Answer 5

2 electrons

Question 6

there are 3p orbitals, they hold…

Answer 6

6 electrons

Question 7

there are 5d orbitals, they hold…

Answer 7

10 electrons

Question 8

there are 7f orbitals, they hold…

Answer 8

14 electrons

Question 9

the cloud that is fuzzy and has no set boundaries is the…

Answer 9

electron cloud

Question 10

when electrons move closer to the nucleus, they release energy in…

Answer 10

light

Question 11

when an electron is in a state of lowest possible energy, it is in the…

Answer 11

ground state

Question 12

when an electron has gained energy, it in in the…

anywhere it has higher energy than the ground state

Answer 12

excited state

Question 13

to move to ground state, electrons have to release _______, in the form of light

Answer 13

energy

Question 14

the amount of energy required to move an electron from one energy level to another…

Answer 14

quantum

Question 15

the ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nucleus of an atom

Answer 15

electron configuration

Question 16

make sure to know electron diagram

Answer 16

*

Question 17

what is…

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2

Answer 17

electron configuration

Question 18

1s2=

Answer 18

1=energy level, s=orbital, 2=electrons

Question 19

to calculate energy levels, you use the formula…

Answer 19

2n2 (2 n squared) (n=energy level)

Question 20

1) find an element on the periodic table
2) go back to the last noble gas that was passed
3) write symbol of noble gas in brackets
4) continue the electron configuration using the row after noble gas. ex. [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p1

Answer 20

shorthand electron configuration/noble gas cofiguration

Question 21

the p orbital has the shape of a…

Answer 21

dumbbell

Question 22

the s orbital is shaped like a…

Answer 22

sphere

Question 23

the d orbitals has the shape of a…

Answer 23

clover

Question 24

the f orbital has the shape of a…

Answer 24

too complex to write down

Question 25

regions in an atom where electrons are likely to be found

Answer 25

orbitals

Question 26

electron cloud, energy levels, orbitals that electrons are placed in

Answer 26

orbitals

Question 27

correspond to specific energy levels

Answer 27

orbitals

Question 28

amount of matter in an object

Answer 28

mass

Question 29

the measure of space occupied by an object

Answer 29

volume

Question 30

used with 5 senses; made without changing the substances composition (color; texture; shape; size; smell; taste; what state its in; melting point; boiling point; density)

Answer 30

physical properties

Question 31

the ability of a substance to undergo a chemical change (abilty to rust; flammability; doesn't react)

Answer 31

chemical properties

Question 32

has a definite shape and volume. the particles vibrate and are tightly packed. (crystalline and amorphus)

Answer 32

solid

Question 33

no definite shape, but has a definite volume. the particles are close together, but not as close as soids--however, they can flow and slide past each other

Answer 33

liquid

Question 34

has no definite shape (takes shape of container) has no definite volume. the partices are NOT tightly packed (they can bounce off of each other) and can move freely

Answer 34

gas

Question 35

a change that does not affect the composition of the substance ex. change of state; bending; squishing

Answer 35

physical change

Question 36

change that does affect the chemial composition or makes a new substance ex. burning; rusting

Answer 36

chemical change

Question 37

color change; odor; bubble or fizz-formation of a gas; production of sound; formation of precipitate; producing heat; absorbing heat; release of energy as light

Answer 37

evidence of a chemical change

Question 38

a physical blend of two or more components

Answer 38

mixture

Question 39

the composition is uniform throughout (solution) ex. salt water; air; sugar water; bronze; 10k gold

Answer 39

homogenous mixture

Question 40

the composition is not uniform throughout. ex. salad; cake; organge juice (pulp); granite; blood

Answer 40

heterogenous mixture

Question 41

filtration; magnetism; evaporaton; distillation

Answer 41

seperation of mixtures

Question 42

substance that contains 2 or more elements that are chemically combined ex. water; sugar; chemical formula

Answer 42

compound

Question 43

the study of the composition of matter and the changes that matter undergoes

Answer 43

chemistry

Question 44

takes up space; mostly everything

Answer 44

matter

Question 45

light

Answer 45

not matter

Question 46

called the "central science"

Answer 46

chemistry

Question 47

study of all chemicals containing carbon

Answer 47

organic chemistry

Question 48

chemicals that do not contain carbon

Answer 48

inorganic chemistry

Question 49

study of processes in living organisms

Answer 49

biochemistry

Question 50

study of composition of matter (measuring/observing)

Answer 50

analytical chemistry

Question 51

study of mechanism, rate, and energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change

Answer 51

physical chemistry