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Gr8 Adv. Bio > QUARTER 3 > Flashcards

QUARTER 3 Flashcards

(73 cards)

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1
Q

Branch of biology that deals with the study of plants

A

Botany

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2
Q

Derived from an adjective ‘botanic’ and derived again from the Greek word ‘botane’

A

Botany

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3
Q

People who study botany

A

Botanists

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4
Q

Multicellular eukaryotic organisms with cell walls made up of cellulose, most of them are autotrophs

A

Plants

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5
Q

Where plants evolved from

A

Green algae

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6
Q

Provides structure and protection for the plant

A

Cell walls

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7
Q

The green pigment that gives the plant it’s color

A

Chlorophyll

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8
Q

Where you will find chlorophyll and the place photosynthesis is conducted

A

Chloroplast

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9
Q

Regulates water content of the cell

A

Central vacuole

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10
Q

one/many celled organism that use photosynthesis and lives in the sea

A

Green algae

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11
Q

Plants that produce their own food

A

Autotrophs

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12
Q

Alternates between 2 generations of distinct multicellular organisms

A

Alternation of generations

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13
Q

Plants that produce their own food

A

Autotrophs

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14
Q

Alternates between 2 generations of distinct multicellular organisms

A

Alternation of generations

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15
Q

Usually haploid(n) phase and generates gametes

A

Gametophyte

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16
Q

Produces haploid spores

A

Meiosis

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17
Q

Usually is in diploid(2n) phase and generates spore

A

Sporophytes

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18
Q

Made in anthers

A

Microspores

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19
Q

Made in ovule

A

Megaspores

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20
Q

The reason why plant leaves are broad and flat

A

To maximize light absorption

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21
Q

What plants need to survive

A

Sunlight
Water & minerals
Gas exchange
Transport of water & nutrients throughout the plant body

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22
Q

Supports the plants and absorbs water and minerals (usually underground)

A

Root system

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23
Q

Growth away from the helium

A

Antitropous

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24
Q

Growth towards the hilum

A

Syntropous

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25
A group of plants dominates the the landscape on Earth
Flowering plants
26
3 major functions of root systems
anchoring absorbing storing
27
Characteristics of root systems
Non-green (absence of chlorophyll) Not divided into nodes/internodes Absence of leaves & buds + Geotropic (gravity) + Hydrotropic (water) - phototrophic (light)
28
Aka taproot, goes deeper soil the & usually bigger than other roots
Primary root
29
Sometimes called lateral roots and helps anchor the plant into the soil and increase surface area
Secondary root
30
Found in dicots
Taproot system
31
Loses primary root
Fibrous root system
32
Cells are perpetually dividing (mitosis) Causes the root to grow in length (primary growth
Region of cell division
33
Growing tips of roots and stems
Apical meristems
34
Mass of cells Located at the tip of the root that protects from damage Plays a role in gravitoprism
Root cap
35
Plant perception of gravity
Gravitopism
36
Mass of cells
parenchyma cells
37
New cells are created in aptical meristem of the root they are small and rounded Cells in region are still undifferentiated
Region of elongation
38
Where cells differentiate and become a specific type Where root hairs are formed
Region of maturation
39
Translates outer skin (epi=outside, dermis=skin) Delimits the root , protects the inner tissues, usually one cell layer thick
Epidermis
40
Is the tissue just underneath the epidermis Stores food and water
Cortex
41
Means inner skins (Endo=inner; dermis=skin) Delimits inner cylinder of the root and is one single layer of cells
Endodermis
42
Cell walls of the endodermal cells have lignin and suberin (structural plant compounds) which forms bonds
Casparian trips
43
Tissue found in the endodermis
Pericycles
44
Tissue in the middle of the root, looks like an x
Xylem
45
Tissue which transports carbohydrates (sugars) produced in photosynthesis
Phloem
46
Dicot No. Of vascular bundles
2-6 (di-hexarch)
47
Monocot no. of vascular bundles
Many(polyarch)
48
Physiological barrier has a role in root function & protection Outer layer of plants cortex
Exodermis
49
Specialized root that stores starch
Bulbous roots
50
Specialized root where 2 forms of above ground roots provide extra support for the plant
Aerial and prop roots
51
Enables plant to grow on another plant
Epiphytic roots
52
Root modification which provides mechanical support
Prop roots
53
Root modification coming out of lower nodes of the stem
Stilt roots
54
Helps get oxygen when in swampy areas
Pneumatophores
55
A way of food storage where a part gets swollen at frequent intervals which gives root a beaded appearance
Moniliform
56
A way of food storage where roots are swollen and broad at the base
Conical
57
Modified taproot Primary root is swollen at the middle and tapers gradually at both ends
Fusiform
58
A way of food storage where it is a spherical shape and sharply tapering at the tip
Napiform
59
A way of food storage with tuberous roots arising in the cluster from the base of the stem
Fasculated
60
A way of food storage that has irregular/round mass/lump called nodules within the cells
Nodulated
61
Consist of stems/leaves & reproductive parts of the plant Grows above the ground, where it absorbs light needed for photosynthesis
Shoot system
62
Found in meristems which are plant regions of continuous cell division and growth, consists of three
Meristematic tissue
63
Meristem located at tips of stems and roots which enables a plant to extend in length
Apical meristems
64
Meristem occurring only in monocots, at the bases of leaf blades and at nodes
Intercalary meristems
65
Meristem which facilitates growth in thickness in a maturing plant
Lateral meristems
66
When meristems produce cells that quickly differentiate/specialize Takes on roles and loses ability to divide further
Permanent tissues
67
Permanent tissue that covers and protects plant
Dermal tissue
68
Permanent tissue that transports water mineral and sugars
Vascular tissues
69
Permanent tissue that has a site for photosynthesis, providing a support matrix for vascular tissue, and helps store water and sugar
Ground tissues
70
One/many celled organism that use photosynthesis and lives in the sea
Green algae
71
Red, yellow, orange pigments for photosynthesis
Carotenoids
72
73
Arise from an organ other than the root usually a stem, sometimes a leaf
Adventitious

Gr8 Adv. Bio (3 decks)

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