Quebec

Question 1

What is Quebec home to?

Answer 1

Largest francophone population outside of France

Question 2

What do they refer any resident of Quebec regardless of mother tongue as?

Answer 2

Quebecois (in French)
Quebecers (English)

Question 3

How much of pop of QC has French as mother tongue?

Answer 3

78%

Question 4

Anglophone and allophone tend to be concentrated where?

Answer 4

Montreal and Gatineau

Question 5

What is the provincial law of quebec to businesses

Answer 5

Req businesses to use French, preserve French as primary language in region

Question 6

How is teh population growth in Quebec

Answer 6

pop growth is slower than national avg
birth rate is high in Northern QC, butt immigration rate is low in most areas outside of Montreal

Question 7

What is the best agricultural land of QC used for?

Answer 7

primarily for dairy farming found along St. Lawrence River btwn Montreal + QC city

Question 8

Why is St. Lawrence River important?

Answer 8

essential part of water- based transportation in NA connecting Great Lakes to Atlantic Ocean

Question 9

What are the environmental issues in QC?

Answer 9

-mining wastes in Canadian Shield mines
- part of St. Lawrence River contain high levels of toxic chemicals, lead + mercury from older industrial processes
-Zebra mussle

Question 10

What is the invasive species that negatively impacted the aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 10

Zebra mussel

Question 11

Where did Zebra mussel originate

Answer 11

Small mollusk introduced to St. Lawrence River by ships that originated in EU.
They block hundreds of pipelines + water intakes resulting in high costs to infrastructure maintenance

Question 12

How are they improving the environment?

Answer 12

All energy in QC generated from renewable hydroelectric sources
- motorist in QC heavily taxed on gasoline

Question 13

What is the gasoline tax used to fund part of?

Answer 13

Fund maintenance of extensive hydroelectric nrg sys

Question 14

What was Quebec originally known as?

Answer 14

New France

Question 15

Who sailed into Chaleur Bay and claimed land for France?

Answer 15

1534: Cartier

Question 16

Who founded a fur trading post and became known as “The Father of New France”?

Answer 16

1608: Champlain

Question 17

Who established Ville-Marie

Answer 17

1642: Maisonneuve
ville-marie later renamed Montreal

Question 18

What happened on the Plains of Abraham?

Answer 18

British defeat French army, British then ruled QC for over 100 years until confederation

Question 19

Why did QC agree to confederation

Answer 19

1867
-Union w/ 3 other colonies that would strengthen overall economy + protect against potential US annexation
- French was an official language of fed govt + freedom of religion was a right
- Provinces given control over education
- Working with Ontario, QC could influ fed politics + shape future of Canada as west continued to grow

Question 20

How is the QC economy divided?

Answer 20

into 2:
- highly populated core in south
- resource-based periphery in north

Question 21

How is QC economy diff from ON

Answer 21

• growin szn in QC short, limiting agriculture
• QC has much better natural conditions for hydroelectricity development

Question 22

What is QC’s leading export

Answer 22

Aircraft + parts produced by Bombardier Company

Question 23

How is the quaternary sector growing?

Answer 23

provincial govt invest heavily in research + development at universities in Montreal

Question 24

What are tourists attracted to in QC

Answer 24

historic past and francophone culture

Question 25

What are the treats to tourism?

Answer 25

- canadian dollar fluctuation - global economic uncertainty - thickened US border

Question 26

What is hydro-quebec

Answer 26

Premier Jean Lesage came to power 1960 to purchase all private electrical utilities in province - This created a monopoly to generate + distribute electricity within the province + for export

Question 27

What were the objectives of hydro-quebec

Answer 27

-stimulate economic growth through govt intervention -undertake construction of massive hydroelectric projects in the Canadian Shield -build high-voltage transmission lines to transport electricity - sell power to northeastern states of US

Question 28

Were strategies of hydro-quebec successful?

Answer 28

yes - massive revenue grenerated by hydro-quebec played a role in fueling quiet revolution whcih led to the spread of separatist views

Question 29

What are the expansions of Hydro-quebec

Answer 29

-long term goal of acquiring electrical utilities in New Brunswick + Nova Scotia - Strategy to gain control of power grid in these provinces to achieve complete dominance of energy in the area along with a share of the market in NY state and 6 New England states

Question 30

What does hydroelectricity developments depend on?

Answer 30

Precipitation Topography access to markets Precipitation abundant, support large, high volume rivers -Variable topography, ensure steady flow of water for power plants -High-voltage transmission lines connect plants in north to populated markets in south

Question 31

What are the advantages of Hydroelectric Development?

Answer 31

-renewable - facilities have a long life span - low operating cost - job creation during construction - no greenhouse gas emissions

Question 32

How has hydro-quebec improve QC economy

Answer 32

hydro-qc indirectly improved QC economy by attracting large-scale industrial development

Question 33

How can Hydro-qc offer energy to industrial firms at discounted cost

Answer 33

-Northern QC can produce vast amt of energy (more than province needs) - Hydro-qc long term contract to buy power from Churchill Falls in Labrador at 1969 prices - selling power, Hydro-qc is free to set own sale price w/o concern of competition

Question 34

What is the James Bay Project?

Answer 34

involved production of hydroelectricity from all 20 rivers that flow into James Bay from Quebec

Question 35

Why did the Indigenous Peoples (primarily Cree) oppose James Bay Project?

Answer 35

concerns: - Flooding caused by dams - loss of habitat for wildlife - loss of timber - chemicals in the reservoirs affected fish that were eaten by Cree and Inuit - Impact on animal migration patterns + Indigenous hunting grounds

Question 36

What is Northern Quebec's economy based on?

Answer 36

Mining + forestry

Question 37

What opportunities are growing in what location in Northern QC

Answer 37

Political opportunities in region of Nunavik

Question 38

what does Nunavik mean in Inuktitut

Answer 38

Great land

Question 39

What are they trying to establish in Nunavik?

Answer 39

Regional form of govt controlled entirely by Inuit

Question 40

QC is Canada's leading producer of what

Answer 40

paper and newsprint, much of it is exported to US

Question 41

Why has demand for QC softwood lumber consistently higher than US softwood lumber

Answer 41

QC cold climate results in slower tree growth increasing strength of wood

Question 42

What ore is most commonly mined in QC

Answer 42

Iron ore

Question 43

What is the name of the city that merged 2 cities in 2002?

Answer 43

Saguenay

Question 44

What is Montreal name for?

Answer 44

Montreal is French for Royal Mountain

Question 45

What is Montreal to QC?

Answer 45

commercial, cultural + industrial center of QC - serves major port+ trans-shipment point btwn Great Lakes + Atlantic Oceans

Question 46

What is teh capital Quebec city's economy dependent on

Answer 46

provincial govt jobs + tourism

Question 47

What is the name of the scenic area of St. Lawrence River in Appalachian Uplands

Answer 47

Eastern Townships (Estrie)