Queen Margaret's Triumph, 1456-1459

Question 1

When did Richard of York’s ‘second protectorate’ end?

Answer 1

25 February 1456

Question 2

By when had most of York’s appointees to government been replaced with ‘Lancastrian’ ones?

Answer 2

October 1456

Question 3

Which moderate noble family was removed from prominence in government by the end of 1456?

Answer 3

Bourchiers

Question 4

With whom was Richard of York involved in a confrontation with, on behalf of the crown, from May to August 1456?

Answer 4

James II of Scotland

Question 5

When was Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, able to gain possession of Calais?

Answer 5

July 1456

Question 6

Where was Richard of York threatened at a Great Council held in October 1456?

Answer 6

Coventry

Question 7

What were not held between 1456 and 1459, for fear of York’s popularity with the Commons?

Answer 7

parliaments

Question 8

Where did Henry VI, unusually spend more than half the time between September 1456 and July 1460?

Answer 8

Midlands

Question 9

When did Queen Margaret leave London and establish a power base in the midlands?

Answer 9

April 1456

Question 10

Which supporter of Queen Margaret was made Keeper of the Privy Seal in September 1456?

Answer 10

Lawrence Booth

Question 11

Which confessor of Henry VI replaced Archbishop Thomas Bourchier as Chancellor on 11 October 1456?

Answer 11

William Waynflete

Question 12

Who replaced Henry Bourchier as Treasurer on 5 October 1456?

Answer 12

John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury

Question 13

Whose candidate was chosen, even ahead of the king’s nomination to be the new Bishop of Durham in 1457?

Answer 13

Queen Margaret

Question 14

Which chaplain of the queen became Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield in 1459?

Answer 14

John Hale

Question 15

Who emerged as a loyal Lancastrian supporter in South Wales but then died in November 1456?

Answer 15

Edmund Tudor

Question 16

When were charges brought against two Yorkists after they raised forces against Edmund Tudor?

Answer 16

April 1457

Question 17

Constableships of Aberystwyth and which other castle were transferred from York to Jasper Tudor on 21 April 1457?

Answer 17

Carmarthen

Question 18

What did Margaret create in January 1457, in the name of her son, that allowed her to reward her followers?

Answer 18

prince’s council

Question 19

Who raised a military force for Margaret in Cheshire in the Autumn 1459 under the Swan badge of the Prince of Wales?

Answer 19

Lord Audley

Question 20

Whose son and heir was married to Queen Margaret’s cousin Marie in 1457 to secure the family’s support?

Answer 20

Earl of Devon

Question 21

What did Queen Margaret shift the focus of in March 1458 onto the results of St Albans not the causes, reinforcing Yorkist blame?

Answer 21

Loveday

Question 22

When did Margaret Beaufort and Henry Stafford marry, further securing the support of the Staffords for the Lancastrians?

Answer 22

January 1458

Question 23

Whose daughter was married to Shrewsbury’s in July 1458, further binding Lancastrian lords together?

Answer 23

Duke of Buckingham

Question 24

Who was summoned to the king’s court to explain his acts of piracy as Captain of Calais in November 1458?

Answer 24

Earl of Warwick

Question 25

Who blocked Margaret’s attempts to punish Warwick for the violence involving his servants in November 1458?

Answer 25

Henry VI

Question 26

At which event, in March 1452, did Richard fail to confront the king due to lack of numbers?

Answer 26

Dartford

Question 27

Which Lancastrian leader and enemy to Richard of York was slain at the First Battle of St Albans?

Answer 27

Edmund Beaufort

Question 28

When was the First Battle of St. Albans?

Answer 28

22 May 1455

Question 29

What was secured by Richard of York after the Yorkist victory at the First Battle of St. Albans?

Answer 29

Second Protectorate

Question 30

What began with the deaths of the predominant leaders including Northumberland, Somerset and Clifford?

Answer 30

Blood Feuds

Question 31

What event on 24 March 1458 superficially attempted to heal the divisions between the nobles?

Answer 31

Loveday

Question 32

How much was Richard of York granted as a settlement for his role in the First Protectorate and a payoff from the Second Protectorate?

Answer 32

£1,800

Question 33

Which important office was Warwick appointed to in 1455?

Answer 33

Captain of Calais

Question 34

Which battle followed the battle of Blore Heath and led to the flight the Yorkists from England in October 1459?

Answer 34

Ludford Bridge

Question 35

Which country did Richard of York flee to after the Yorkist defeat at Ludford Bridge?

Answer 35

Ireland

Question 36

Where did Warwick, Salisbury and Edward of March flee to after Ludford Bridge?

Answer 36

Calais

Question 37

Which event in November-December 1459 witnessed the attainder of the Yorkists?

Answer 37

Parliament of Devils

Question 38

What were the Yorkists declared to be at the Parliament of Devils?

Answer 38

Rebels/Traitors

Question 39

What was forfeited to the crown from the Yorkists and their families in November 1459?

Answer 39

Lands and Goods

Question 40

What did Margaret unsuccessfully attempt to claim in 1453-54 during Henry VI's madness?

Answer 40

Regency

Question 41

What happened to Henry VI which led to Richard of York's First Protectorate?

Answer 41

Madness

Question 42

What did Margaret of Anjou begin to establish in 1456 when she moved the court to Coventry?

Answer 42

Her power base

Question 43

Which family came to support York from 1453 due to family ties and their rivalry with the Percies?

Answer 43

The Nevilles

Question 44

When was a Great Council meeting held in Coventry to which the Yorkists were not offered a safe conduct and do not seem to have attended?

Answer 44

June 1459

Question 45

Which family (including the Archbishop of Canterbury) were excluded from the Great Council of June 1459 due to their Yorkist sympthies?

Answer 45

Bourchiers

Question 46

Where were Salisbury’s forces intercepted by Lord Audley on 23 September 1459?

Answer 46

Blore Heath

Question 47

Who defected from Warwick’s forces to support Henry VI’s forces at Ludford Bridge?

Answer 47

Andrew Trollope

Question 48

Whose wife and young sons George and Richard fell into the king’s possession in late 1459?

Answer 48

Richard of York

Question 49

When did the so-called ‘parliament of devils’ first meet in Coventry?

Answer 49

20 November 1459

Question 50

What propaganda defence was written supporting the harsh measures against the Yorkists from the ‘parliament of devils’?

Answer 50

Somnium Vigilantis

Question 51

How many Yorkists were attainted at the Parliament of Devils?

Answer 51

Twenty-seven

Question 52

Who was appointed to replace Warwick as Captain of Calais on 9 October 1459?

Answer 52

Henry Beaufort