Questions Flashcards
(98 cards)
1
Q
define history
A
the study of past events particularly in human affairs
2
Q
define primary source
A
information created at the time being studied, by an authoritative source, usually with direct knowledge of the events being described
3
Q
define secondary source
A
accounts written after the fact with the benefit of hindsight. Secondary sources are commentary not evidence, these sources may include author bias
4
Q
Who were the Black Hand
A
Serbian terrorist group who Franz Ferdinand’s murderer was a part of
5
Q
who shot and killed Franz Ferdinand
A
Gavilo Princip
6
Q
Why was Franz Ferdinand’s death important
A
-he was the only person who could stop the war with Russia
-it lead to the first world war
7
Q
define assassination
A
to murder (someone important) in a surprise attack for political or religious reason
8
Q
Prior to world war one which country had the strongest navy
A
Britain
9
Q
Prior to world war one which country had the most powerful army
A
Germany
10
Q
When World War I broke out when did people think it would be over by
A
Christmas that same year (1914)
11
Q
What were the 4 MAIN causes of world war 1
A
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
12
Q
what is militarism
A
building up armed forces getting ready for war
13
Q
what does alliances in MAIN mean
A
agreements or promises to defend and help another
14
Q
what does imperialism mean in MAIN
A
trying to build up an empire
15
Q
what does nationalism mean in MAIN
A
having pride in your country
16
Q
Who were the countries in the triple Alliance
A
Austria Hungary, Italy, and German
17
Q
Who were the countries in the Triple Entente
A
Britain, France, and Russia
18
Q
List and explain 3 trench conditions
A
never quiet- soldiers living in trenches were constantly listening to gunfire, screams, cries, etc
wet/cold- trenches were very wet from rain, blood, overflowing bathrooms. this created muddy and cold conditions
the soldiers hardly slept- having to listen to terrible sounds, being scared and of an attack, and having nightmares
19
Q
define no man’s land
A
the battle ground between trenches that neither side owns
20
Q
what was the ross rifle and what were the problems with it
A
it was Sam Hughes choice of gun. It was the most accurate to exist, but it only worked in clear dry weather and became useless in mud and rain
21
Q
what was the MacAdam shovel and what were the problems with it
A
it was used as protection from enemy fire. had a hole in the middle so soldiers could still fire. it was too tall for the soldiers and the hold made it useless for digging in trenches
22
Q
When did WWI start and end
A
started July 28, 1914 and ended November 11, 1918
23
Q
Define Prohibition
A
the act of forbidding something
24
Q
What was the Canadian government’s logic in terms of introducing prohibition
A
their logic was that alcohol was the root of all problems and prohibiting it would make life better
25
define bootlegger
a person who makes, distributes, or sells goods illegally
26
what was trench foot
fungal infection of the feet caused by cold, wet, and unsanitary trench conditions. it could result in amputation
27
what was the christmas truce
it was an organic affair where soldiers met in no man’s land and songs were sung, gifts were given and received, they had a soccer match, a dinner, church services, etc
28
what was 1 reason American joined WW1
Germany sunk their passenger ship the Lusitiania and Germany announced it would sink any ally trading with the Triple Entente
29
what was the result of the 100 days
the Allies regained 130km of land, Allies won back France and Belgium, German surrender came on November 11, 1918
30
what was Canada’s role in the 100 days
Germany tried to make one final attempt to take Paris. Canada stopped the German forces 80km from Paris
31
What was the Paris Peace Confrence
all powers involved in WWI met in Paris in January 1919 to determine the official terms of peace
32
who were the big 3 countries involved in the Paris Peace confrence
United States, Britain, and France
33
what were 3 terms of the Treaty of Versailles
1) Germany could not have an army over 100,000 soldiers and could not have tanks
2) Germany had to accept responsibility for causing all of the damage and loss of life that the Allies suffered
3) Germany could not have an airforce
34
When was the Treaty of Versailles signed
June 1919
35
what are 2 difficulties a soldier would face upon returning to civilian life
depression and trouble socializing
36
what were conditions like in Indigenous Residential schools
terrible, people were beaten and stripped of their culture
37
When were residential schools finally eliminated
the last residential school closed in 1996
38
how many calls to action are there
94
39
What is PTSD
PTSD stands for Post-Traumatic stress disorder. It can develop in people who have experienced a shocking, scary, or dangerous event.
40
Who invented basketball
James Naismith
41
Who organized the world into standard time zones
Sanford Fleming
42
Who invented the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
43
Who was Charlie Chaplin
a working class immigrant from the London slums who earned $10000 dollars a week for his comedies
44
What were the first radios like
they were very crude and listeners needed earphones to hear them
45
When did Americans begin to have an influence on Canadians
when the radio was invented because 80% of what Canadians heard on the radio came from the US
46
explain the 5 underlying causes of the great depression
1) stock market crash - canadians lost everything due to the stock market crashing
2) buying on credit - a way for people to purchase things while in debt
3) over production of goods - many businesses had overproduced and had to make stock piles
4) raising tariffs- countries were placing tariffs on foreign goods causing higher prices and workers being laid off
5) low standard of living - all canadians who did not share the prosperity of the 1920a could not purchase goods
47
define tariff
a tax imposed by a government on goods and services imported from other countries
48
what is a stock market
companies that need a lot of money can sell shares of their business on the stock market. this makes ordinary people their buisness partners
49
when did the stock market crash
October 29, 1929
50
What did the day the stock market crash become known as
black tuesday
51
what did Canadians have to do to qualify for relief during the Great Depression
Canadians had to declare in public that they had no money to support themselves and their family and that they did not have a radio, telephone, or a car
52
When were the Dionne Quintuplets born
during the Great Depression May 28, 1934
53
How was Hilter able to seize power? What did he give the German people?
Hilter was able to seize power by creating fear and emphasizing hate on others. Hilter gave the German people hope
54
What were 2 causes of WW1
1) the failure of the Treaty of Versailles because people thought it was too harsh
2) Rise of World dictators who encouraged MAIN and the persecution of minorities
55
What was the League of Nations and when was it formed
was made to peacefully solve disputes between countries. it was formed on January 10th, 1920
56
Who were the Allies in WW2
Great Britain, France, Canada, China, USA
57
Who were the Axis Powers in WW2
Germany, Austria, Japan, Italy
58
how many theatres of war was World War 2 fought in
-2 theatres
-the war with Germany was the European theatre
-the fighting against the Japanese aggression was the Pacific theatre
59
who were the 7 leaders of war and the country they lead
Hirohito - The empire of Japan
Hilter - Nazi Germany
Winston Churchill - Great Britain
Mackenzie King - Canada
Josef Stalin - Communist Russia
FDR (Franklin Roosevelt) - USA
Mussolini - Italy
60
what happened in Nazi death camps
Jewish families were separated and Jewish men, women, and children were herded into showers where they were murdered through poisons. The bodies were then burned in ovens. Jewish individuals were also murdered by starvation, exhaustion, beating, mutilation, infection, and shooting.
61
what was the purpose of Nazi death camps
to exterminate all 11 million Jews in Europe
62
Define Appeasement
when a country tries to avoid conflict by giving into the demands of another aggressive country
63
define conscription
a law that says if you are able to fight in war then you have to
64
define ultimatum
a threat in which a person or group of people are warned that if they do not do a particular thing something bad will happen to them
65
who was the president of the US from 1933-1945 and who took over for him in 1945
Franklin Roosevelt (FDR) and Harry S. Truman took over for him
66
when did WW2 officially end
september 2, 1945
67
what 2 Japanese cities were bombed and what were this bombs called
two cities- Hiroshima and Nagasaki
bombs- “Little boy” and “fat man”
68
Why did Truman decide to drop the bomb
1) it was estimated by the army that it would have cost 500,000 to 1 million allied lives to maintain a successful full-scale invasion of Japan
2) Truman wanted Japan to surrender unconditionally. Dropping the bomb would immediately make a statement
69
who was the Prime Minister of Canada during WW1
Robert Borden
70
Who was the Prime Minister of Canada during the Great Depression
Richard B. Bennett
71
Who was the Prime Minister of Canada during WW2
Mackenzie King
72
Who was Wayne Greyzky
the greatest hockey player of all time
73
when was the battle of Ypres
April 22, 1915
74
when was the battle of Vimy Ridge
April 1917
75
When was the Battle of Britain
July 1940
76
When was Pearl Harbour
December 7, 1941
77
when was the battle of Dieppe
August 1942
78
When was D-Day
June 6, 1944
79
How was the battle of britain fought
in the air
80
what happened during the battle of Ypres
In Ypres, France there was a stalemate. The Germans decided to break it by unleashing chlorine gas on the Allies. When the gas reached the french they retreated. When it reached the Canadians they urinated on cloth to filter the fumes. They held their ground and halted the German advance
81
What role did Canadians play in the battle of Ypres
Canadians were able to stop the German advance when the French couldn’t
82
Was the battle of Ypres a win for our side? explain
Although Canadians suffered significant causalities This would still be considered a victory because the German advance was stopped and Canada proved themselves to the French and British
83
What happened during the battle of Vimy Ridge
Vimy Ridge was a point of high ground the Germans occupied since sept 1914. Britain and France had failed 3 times to take the ridge It was time for Canadians to make an attempt. One attack sued by the Canadians was the creeping barrage where weapons provided cover for advancing soldiers. The Canadians took the ridge.
84
What was Canadas role in the battle of Vimy Ridge
this was the first battle that was 100% Canadian effort
85
What Vimy Ridge a win for our side? Explain
This was a victory for the Canadians. The ridge was taken back and Canada was no longer seen as ‘Britain’s little brother.’
86
What happened during the battle of Britain
Hitler decided to invade Britain and take the English Channel by destroying the Royal Airforce. Bombing raids were taking place daily. Then nightly to increase fear factor. The government did a blackout to confuse the Germans. The British developed a radar system to detect German planes.
87
What role did Canadians play in the Battle of Britain
Canadians contributed by having 100s of Canadian pilots join the RAF
88
Was the Battle of Britain a victory for our side? explain(
this was a victory for the Allies because the British developed a radar system and were able to detect incoming German planes
89
What happened during Pearl Harbour
The US wanted to make peace with Japan but Japan attacked the US navy at Pearl Harbour
90
What role did Canadians play in Pearl Harbour
Canadians were in Hong Kong at the time of the attack. Japan began to invade Hong King and every Canadian soldier was either killed or captured
91
Was Pearl Harbour a victory for our side? Explain?
Pearl Harbour was not a victory for the Allies. The US was not prepared for the attack. Canada was not prepared and was very outnumbered
92
What happened during Dieppe
Canadian troops stationed in England were chosen for a raid in Dieppe. The raid was launched to see what was needed to make a full scale invasion across the English Channel a success
93
What role did Canadians play in Dieppe
Canadians played the role of sacrificing their lives. This was important because it showed how far Canadians would go for the Allies
94
Was Dieppe a victory for our side? explain?
This was not a victory for the Allies. The raid was a complete disaster. Of the 5000 soldiers 1000 died, 500 were wounded, and 2000 were captured
95
What happened during D-Day
The Allies knew that Hitler and Germany was on the decline. All they had to do was finish the Nazi regime once and for all. 1 million allied soldiers and over 5000 ships and planes landed on the Nazi held beaches of Germany for a raid
96
What role did Canadians play during D-day
Canadians were responsible for invading Juno beach. They completed a surprise attack in the dark
97
Was D-day a victory for our side? explain
The invasion on the beaches was successful. The Germans had already lost against Russia and now they were being attacked from the east and west. The Allies then were able to begin their liberation of France, Belgium and the Netherlands
98
what was the order the Japanese cities were bombed
first Hiroshima then Nagasaki
