Questions

Question 1

Which ancient greek philosopher focused on marine biology?

Answer 1

Aristotle

Question 2

On what boat did Darwin sail and where did he spend most of his time?

Answer 2

Beagle

Galapagos

Question 3

Which type of books had mythical creatures inside?

Answer 3

Beastiaries

Question 4

Which two additions to ships helped advance oceanography in the 19th century?

Answer 4

Steamship - smokestack

Steel wire rope

Question 5

Which vessel was the first to probe the depths of the deepest part of the ocean?

Answer 5

Challenger

Question 6

How old is the universe

Answer 6

14 billion years

Question 7

How old is the earth

Answer 7

4.6 billion years

Question 8

when was the oxygen revolution on Earth?

Answer 8

2.5 billion years

Question 9

Which organism were responsible for the oxygen revolution

Answer 9

cyanobacteria

Question 10

What are stromatolites

Answer 10

Rocks of cemented cyanobacteria, layered bio-chemical accretionary structures

Question 11

what is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

Answer 11

prokaryotes have naked DNA

Question 12

What organism is left out of the tree of life

Answer 12

virus

Question 13

examples of cyanobacteria

Answer 13

trichodesmium

prochloroccus

Question 14

What eukaryotic marine organism can cause red tides and doesn’t form sediments

Answer 14

dinoflagellates

Question 15

Marine phytoplankton that has a whip + sediment type

Answer 15

coccolithophores + calcium carbonate

Question 16

Marine phytoplankton that doesn’t have a whip + sediment type

Answer 16

diatom + siliceous ooze

Question 17

Name two animal plankton that form sediment

Answer 17

radiolarian - siliceous

forminifera - calcium carbonate

Question 18

Most abundant omnivore in eh ocean

Answer 18

copepod

Question 19

most abundant carnivore

Answer 19

arrow worm

Question 20

how do seastars and molluscs move

Answer 20

tube feet

Question 21

adaption of cuttlefish

Answer 21

ink for concealment

Question 22

how to shellfish such as scallops move

Answer 22

clapping jaws

Question 23

instead of ships what are used

Answer 23

satellite and submarines

Question 24

what did Darwin proposed

Answer 24

earth older than 1000 years
single family tree
evolution

Question 25

name other big boats

Answer 25

challenger, blake, meteor, discovery, atlantis, galathea

Question 26

give reason for expedition

Answer 26

deep sea telegraph cable

Question 27

how old is the ocean

Answer 27

4 billion years

Question 28

how old are cyanobacteria

Answer 28

3.4 billion years

Question 29

what bacteria makes you seasick and decomposes dead and harms coral

Answer 29

vibrio

Question 30

which cyanobacteria fix nitrogen

Answer 30

trichodesmium

Question 31

what is the most common cyanobacteria

Answer 31

prochlorococcus - low nutrient requirement

Question 32

where are marine fungi found?

Answer 32

rotting wood

Question 33

what are acantarians

Answer 33

strange radiolarians with sketeons that dissolve quickly after the animal dies

Question 34

give an example of green algae that makes calcium carbonate

Answer 34

halimeda

Question 35

which red algae sticks coral together

Answer 35

red coralline algae

Question 36

which brown algae washes up on the beach

Answer 36

giant kelp

Question 37

where are sea grasses found

Answer 37

shallow in meadows with flowers, fruits and seeds

Question 38

what are mangrove trees like

Answer 38

flowering, bugger coasts from damage, provide nutrients, food chain, baby fish

Question 39

what sketelon do sponges have

Answer 39

calcium carbonate or silica

Question 40

give examples of cnidarians

Answer 40

anemones, jellyfish, siphonophores, coral

Question 41

what are siphonophores made of

Answer 41

gas filled float and tenticles

Question 42

examples of molluscs

Answer 42

snails, slugs, clams, squid, octopus, sea butterflies, bivalves

Question 43

examples of arthropods

Answer 43

sea striders, and crustaceans; lobsters, crabs, shrimp and copepods, barnacles

Question 44

which worm lives in hydrothermal vents

Answer 44

riftia

Question 45

examples of echinoderms

Answer 45

sea urchins, sea cucumbers and starfish

Question 46

examples of vertebrates

Answer 46

iguanas, sea snakes, fishes, sharks, mammals

Question 47

in 1 milliter how many viruses are there?

Answer 47

10 million

Question 48

in 1 milliter how many bacteria are there?

Answer 48

1 million

Question 49

in 1 milliter how many cyanobacteria are there?

Answer 49

100,000

Question 50

in 1 milliter how many phytoplankton are there

Answer 50

1000

Question 51

what are the 4 main life styles in the sea

Answer 51

pleuston plankton nekton benthos

Question 52

where is pleuston

Answer 52

only at air water interface

Question 53

where is plankton

Answer 53

surface and gradually throughout sea

Question 54

where is nekton

Answer 54

mainly at surface and bottom

Question 55

what is the epipelagic zone

Answer 55

0-200m

Question 56

what is the mesopelagic zone

Answer 56

200-1000m

Question 57

what is the bathypelagic zone

Answer 57

1000- bottom

Question 58

where is the benthos zone

Answer 58

intertidal to 50m

Question 59

general characteristics of pleuston

Answer 59

mostly animals, 1 plant, few species, many individuals of each species, tropical/sub-tropical, blue or purple, natural UV blockers

Question 60

animals in pleuston

Answer 60

siphonophores, molluscs (snails), purple sea slug, sea strider

Question 61

which plant lives in pleuston?

Answer 61

Sargasso weed

Question 62

Main plankton?

Answer 62

prochlorococcus | trichodesium

Question 63

which is bigger? Animal or plant plankton

Answer 63

animal

Question 64

where do permeanent animal plankton remain

Answer 64

top

Question 65

where do temporary animal plankton remain

Answer 65

developmental stages at the top and adults on the bottom

Question 66

Why do animal plankton migrate?

Answer 66

avoid day predators, avoid plankton poison, use deep countercurrent to stay in one geographical location

Question 67

give examples of nekton

Answer 67

big shrimp, squid, siphonophores, fish, sharks and mammals

Question 68

characteristics of animals in epipelagic zone

Answer 68

streamlined and countershaded

Question 69

characteristics of fish/animals in mesopelgic

Answer 69

unstreamlined, silver fish | red animals

Question 70

what is the deep scattering layer caused by

Answer 70

animals containing gas bubbles cause sound waves the reflect at gas-water boundary