quimica Flashcards

1
Q

n° de avogadro

A

6,02 x 10^23

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2
Q

mol

A

masa (g) / masa molar (g/mol)

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3
Q

masa atomica y molecular

A

multiplicar masa atomica por sub indice, sumarlas

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4
Q

n° de atomos

A

n° de avogadro x moles

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5
Q

composicion porcentual

A

proporcion de cada elemento en un compuesto, como se calcula

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6
Q

volumen molar

A

los gases se determianan por 3 variables, presion, temperatura y volumen
formulas:
- p1 x v1 = p2 x v2
- p1/t1 = p2/t2
- v1/t1 = v2/t2

CNPT= 22,4 litros = un mol = n° avogadro

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7
Q

formula molecular

A

dice las contidades de atomos que hay en cada molecula
C6H12O6

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8
Q

formula empirica

A

dice la proporcion minima de los atomos de un compuesto
CH2O
mol: nos dan moles y dividimos estos en el menor
gramos: calculamos moles y dividimos en el menor
%: calculamos gramos, despues moles y dividimos en el menor

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9
Q

de sintesis o combinacion

A

se unen los reactantes para generar un solo producto
a+b=ab

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10
Q

de descomposicion

A

se separa el reactante para generar mas productos
ab=a+b

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11
Q

de sustitucion simple

A

se sustituye un elemento de un compuesto
ab+c=ac+b

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12
Q

de sustitucion doble

A

se cambian elementos entre compuestos
ab+cd=ac+bd

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13
Q

exotermica

A

libera calor, grafico comienza alto y luego baja
eje x (transcurso reaccion)
eje y (energia)
delta H < 0

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14
Q

endotermica

A

necesita calor, grafico comienza bajo y termina alto (mismos ejes)
delta H > 0

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